OBJECTIVE: It is widely accepted that the estrogen plays an important role in the maintenance of bone mineral density (BMD). The purpose of this study is to compare the BMD between premature ovarian failure (POF) patients and spontaneous menopausal women, both of which are characterized by estrogen deficiency. METHOD: We compared the BMD of Lumbar 2-4 and Femur neck(right) measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in 17 premature ovarian failure patients and 21 spontaneous menopausal women. RESULTS: POF patients and spontaneous menopausal women showed the BMD of 1.000+/-0.165g/cm2, 1.167+/-0.279g/cm2 at Lumbar 2-4 and 0.793+/-0.132g/cm2, 0.885+/-0.128g/cm2 at Femur neck, respectively. POF patients had lower BMD of Lumbar 2-4 and Femur neck significantly(p<0.05). FSH and estradiol level were not different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the BMD in POF patients was decreased more severely than that of spontaneous menopausal women. Therefore, more preventive measures against bone loss is required in POF patients than spontaneous menopausal women.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Bone Density* ; Estradiol ; Estrogens ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency*

Between April, 1984 and September 1988, 459 patients underwent cardiovascular surgery at the Yeungnam University Hospital. Of these, 355 cases were open heart surgeries and 104 cases were non-open heart surgeries. There were 237 patients of acyanotic congenital cardiac anomalies, 40 patients of cyanotic congenital cardiac anomalies, and 85 patients of acquired heart diseases. The sex ratio of cardiovascular diseases was represented as 1:1.3 in male and female. The age distribution was ranged from 1 day to 65 years old. The common congenital cardiovascular anomalies were ventricular septal defect (38.7%), patent ductus arteriosus (25.5%), atrial septal defect (20.7%), Tetralogy of Fallot (8.3%), and pulmonary stenosis (2.4%) in order of frequency. Among 87 acquired cardiovascular diseases, 81 patients underwent operation for cardiac valvular lesions, 51 patients had mitral valve replacement and 13 patients had aortic valve replacement and 17 patients had double valve replacement. The overall mortality of cardiovascular surgery was 3.3% and mortality of open heart surgery was 3.9%.
Age Distribution ; Aortic Valve ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Clinical Study* ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Female ; Heart ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Male ; Mitral Valve ; Mortality ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Sex Ratio ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Thoracic Surgery

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: The number of nongonococcal urethritis(NGU) cases is exceeding more and more that of Gonorrhea in developeing nations and some of the developing countr es such as Korea. The best evidence for an etiologic role for Trichomonas Vaginalis is in nongonococcal urethritis. OBJECTIVE: We compared the effects of Tetracycline to Tetracycine and Metronidazole in the treatment of male patients with nongonococcal urethritis and wished to find out the incidence of Trichomon-as Vaginalis in male patients with nongonocaccal urethritis indirectly. METHOD: From January, ],989 to December, 1992, three hundred male patients with nongococcal urethritis(NGU) at the Venreal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Publi Health Center in Seoul were allocated randomly into one of two treatment regimens. and one hundred sixty eight patients were followed. RESULTS: Eighty(83.4%) of ninty six patients treated with Tetrac; cline, 500mg, PO, q.i.d. for 14 days were cured. Sixty two(86.2%) of seventy two patients treatec with Tetracycline, 500mg, PO, q.i. d. for 14 days and Metronidaole. 2.0gm, PO, for 1 day were cured. There is no significant different between the 2 groups in treated rates(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: It suggests that male patients with nongonococcal ure1hritis due to trichomoniasis are rare in Korea. This may be die to the fact that the incidence of trichorioniasis has been declining since the 1960s. It also suggests not only the need for further studies on tool is disease but also more studies on other causes of nongonocoqeal urethritis, its treatment and epidernio.ogical study.
Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male* ; Metronidazole* ; Seoul ; Tetracycline* ; Trichomonas vaginalis ; Urethritis

No abstract available.
Sternotomy*

A 26 year old female presented complaining of a pea-sized nodule on her left lower eyelid for 10 years duration. Histopathological study showed several cysts in the dermis surrounded by secretory cells. The cysts were filled with decapitatory secretions. Positive staining with carcinoembrynic an tigen(CEA) was detected by immunoperoxidase technique. These clinical and histopathological findings suggest apocrine hidrocystoma developed on the left lower eyelid.
Adult ; Dermis ; Eyelids ; Female ; Hidrocystoma* ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques

Granuloma is a chronic inflammatory process associated with non-infectious agents or infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. It is well known that AFB staining, which has been used to determine the etiology of the granulomatous inflammation, lacks both sensitivity and specificity. Due to the slow growth rate of most pathogenic mycobacteria, culturing of organisms can take up to eight weeks. It is not uncommon for specific therapy to be delayed, or for an inappropriate treatment be given to patients without mycobacterial infections or with infections caused by atypical mycobacteria. Determination of the causative agent in Papanicolaou stained cytology specimens gives pathologists even more difficulties when only necrotic material has been aspirated from the center of the granuloma. In recent years, the use of a polymerase chain reaction for the amplification of DNA has appeared promising in terms of speed, efficiency, sensitivity, and specificity. Since a polymerase chain reaction permits the sensitive genetic analysis of small amounts of tissue, it is ideally suited to the genetic analysis of cytologic specimens. A polymerase chain reaction is easily performed on unfixed and unstained cells, however, an analysis of ethanol fixed and Papanicolaou-stained archival smears has also been described. We have recently established a method to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis organism by a nested polymerase chain reaction with primers in the insertion sequence IS 6110, using cellular digests of ethanol-fixed and Papanicolaou-stained archival specimens aspirated from the lymph nodes, lungs, thyroid, etc. Inhibitors present in Papanicolaou stained material was removed by destaining the slides with 0.5% HCl solution for 10-30 minutes. Eight out of ten cases which have shown the epithelioid granulomas revealed a positive reaction and four out of ten cases which have shown lymphohistiocytic cells in a necrotic background without any evidence of granuloma revealed a positive reaction. This study showed that it was possible to employ a polymerase chain reaction to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Papanicolaou stained archival cytology specimens.
Communicable Diseases ; DNA* ; Ethanol ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thyroid Gland ; Tuberculosis

No abstract available.
Dermatitis*

No abstract available.
Female ; Laparoscopy* ; Methotrexate* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
HIV* ; Syphilis*