PURPOSE: In vitro sonography of lymph nodes was performed to ascertain the differential point between benignancy and malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninty-one lymph nodes were obtained at gastric cancer surgery and pathologically proved as benignancy in 68 and malignancy in 23 cases. Sohographic and pathologic correlation of resected ninty one lymph nodes was done in terms of size, the ratio of longest diameter versus shortest diameter, central hyperechogenicity, and peripheral cortical echo. RESULTS: Sonographic findings of benign lymph node were small size, oval shape(85%), narrow central high echogenicity(44%), and symmetric cortical thickening(41%). Sonographic findings of malignant lymph node were large size, round contour(39%), loss of central high echogenicity(82%), and diffuse increase of cortical thickness(82%). CONCLUSION: The most reliable sonographic criterion for differentiation of benignancy from malignancy was size of a lymphnode.
Lymph Nodes* ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Sexual differences in the incidence and crystalline composition of urinary stones in humans are well-known, but it is unclear why men have a higher incidence of calcium oxalate stones than women. We investigated the effects of male sex hormones on stone formation using an ethylene glycol (EG) - induced urolithiasis model in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups, each containing 10 rats. One group of rats was left untreated and served as control. The other 3 groups were fed a 1% ethylene glycol (EG) lithogenic diet for 4 weeks. Among these, one group was non-castrated, one group was castrated and one group was non-castrated and given finasteride orally. Serum testosterone, creatinine, electrolytes, 24-hour urine levels of oxalate and citrate, and creatinine clearance were measured. The crystal deposits were examined by light and polarizing microscopes. RESULTS: Testosterone promoted calcium oxalate stone formation in EG - treated rats. Finasteride administration significantly decreased urinary oxalate excretion and calcium oxalate deposition, compared with controls. Urinary citrate was significantly decreased in EG-treated rats, but was not influenced by castration or administration of finasteride. There were no significant differences in serum concentrations of creatinine, sodium, or potassium among the control and experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that testosterone promotes calcium oxalate stone formation, and that dihydrotestosterone may be partially responsible for the exaggerated hyperoxaluria in EG-treated rats. Additionally, male sex hormones have a lesser influence on urinary citrate than oxalate.
Adult ; Animals ; Calcium Oxalate* ; Calcium* ; Castration ; Citric Acid ; Creatinine ; Crystallins ; Diet ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Electrolytes ; Ethylene Glycol ; Female ; Finasteride ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones* ; Humans ; Hyperoxaluria ; Incidence ; Male* ; Nephrolithiasis* ; Potassium ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium ; Testosterone ; Urinary Calculi ; Urolithiasis

We report a case of multiple eccrine hidrocystoma (MEH) in a 57-year-old woman who had asymptomatic, discrete, skin-colored, shiny, firm papulovesicles on the face. These lesions enlarged during summer or when the patient did housework, and decreased in sue during winter or rest. Histologic examination showed a dilated, unilocular, cystic, invaginated structure within the middle dermis. The wall of the cyst generally consisted of two layers of Rat or cuboida1 epithelial cells. Decapitation secretion and myoepithelial cells were not observed. The lesions improved markedly with 1% topical atropine sulfate.
Animals ; Atropine* ; Decapitation ; Dermis ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Hidrocystoma* ; Housekeeping ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Rats

We report a rare case of glomangiomyoma in a 25-year-old man who had an asymptomatic, 1.5 × 1.5cm sized, round, skin-colored, soft mass on the right cheek. Histopathologically, the lesion was consistent with glomangiomyoma which showed irregularly dilated vessels lined by endothelial cells and several outer layers of glomus cells, and smooth muscles distributed within the tumor. The tumor cells were characterized immunohistochemically by the presence of smooth muscle actin, muscle specific actin, and vimentin. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of glomangiomyoma on the facial location in the Korean literature.
Actins ; Adult ; Cheek ; Endothelial Cells ; Glomus Tumor ; Humans ; Muscle, Smooth ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is known to increase blood flow to the innervations area of the stellate ganglion. Near infrared spectroscopy reflects an increased blood volume and allows continuous, non-invasive, and bedside monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2). We investigated the influence of SGB on bilateral cerebral oxygenation using a near infrared spectroscopy. METHODS: SGB was performed on 30 patients with 1% lidocaine 10 ml using a paratracheal technique at the C6 level and confirmed by the presence of Horner's syndrome. The blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and rSO2 were measured before SGB and 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after SGB. Tympanic temperature of each ear was measured prior to SGB and 20 minutes after SGB. RESULTS: The increments of the rSO2 on the block side from the baseline were statistically significant at 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. The rSO2 on the non-block side compared with the baseline, however, decreased at 15 and 20 minutes. The difference between the block and the non-block sides was significant at 15 and 20 minutes. The BP at 10, 15 and 20 minutes was increased and the HR was increased at 10 and 15 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: We observed an increment of the rSO2 on the block side from the baseline; however, the rSO2 on the non-block side decreased.
Blood Pressure ; Blood Volume ; Ear ; Heart Rate ; Horner Syndrome ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Oxygen ; Spectrum Analysis ; Stellate Ganglion

A healthy 18-year-old woman presented with an asymptomatic tiny papular eruption on the hands, forearms, legs and trunk. A skin biopsy from the left forearm revealed a typical lichen nitidus lesion associated with an adjacent transepidermal perforating lesion. We report a case of perforating lichen nitidus, and briefly review the relevant literature of perforating lichen nitidus.
Adolescent ; Biopsy ; Female ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Leg ; Lichen Nitidus* ; Lichens* ; Skin

Familial benign chronic pemphigua is a rare disease characterized by a localized recurrent eruption of grouped vesicles and exudative lesions involving the neck, groin, axillae and intertriginous areas. There are no systemic manifestations but chronicity and pruritic lesions creates a significant social and psychological handicap to those afflicted. We presented a case of familial benign chronic pemphigus in a 39 years old man He has had recurrent vesicles, fissures and crust formation in inguinal area for 10 years. Light microscopic findings showed suprabasal vesiculation with acantholysis and villi formation. And electron-microscopic findings showed as follows: Bizzare microvilli changes with widened intercellular spaces, followed by loss of desmosome and complete acantholysis. Tonofilament-desmosome complex is disrupted. Many of acantholytic cells are associated with abnormal keratinization which is repreaented by perinuclear thickened bundles of tonofilament arranged in whorls or lumps. Authors diagnosed with clinical symptoms, light and electron-microscopic findings as Hailey-Hailey disease. The lesions were improved by systemic antibiotics and steroid with cold soaking.
Acantholysis ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Axilla ; Desmosomes ; Extracellular Space ; Groin ; Humans ; Intermediate Filaments ; Microvilli ; Neck ; Pemphigus, Benign Familial* ; Rare Diseases

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of accommodative esotropia in patients who successfully discontinued their use of glasses and to determine which factors are predictive of successfully discontinuing the use of glasses. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of 40 patients with accommodative esotropia who were orthophoric without glasses (group A) and 58 patients with persistent esotropia without glasses (group B). The exclusion criteria were as follows: a follow-up of less than 5 years, age younger than 10 years old, less than 1.50 diopters of hyperopia, or previous strabismus surgery. We analyzed the relationships between the factors and the resolution of esotropia. RESULTS: The mean distance esotropia (30.1 vs 24.3 prism diopters), the degree of hyperopia (+5.3 vs +3.9 diopters) and the interval between the initial prescription of glasses and the initiation of discontinuing their use were predictors of successful discontinuation of glasses in group A and B (p<.05). CONCLUSIONS: Some patients with accommodative esotropia may be successfully weared out of glasses. A smaller esotropic angle, lesser degree of hyperopia, and earlier initiation of wearing appear to be favorable factors.
Child ; Esotropia* ; Eyeglasses* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glass* ; Humans ; Hyperopia ; Prescriptions ; Retrospective Studies ; Strabismus

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Inpatients*