No abstract available.
Teratoma*

There was a development of the diagnostic aids such as electromyography, discography, epidural venography, myelography, and CT in lumbar disc herniation. In 1984, Edgardo et al. described that the diagnosis of unusual extreme lateral disc herniation might be suggested by CT, but the diagnosis was made more certain with CT done after discography. Also, in 1986, Michael et al. reported,that the addition of CT to lumbar discography could help the clinician to obtain an anatomically valid diagnosis in people who, in spite of prior negative diagnosis evaluation, continue with significant clinical symptoms of low back pain and sciatica. The authors have studied 25 cases of CT after discography from July 1984 to June 1987. The results were as follows;1) CT after discography, which was a diagnostic method of direct visualization of nucleus pulposus herniation, shown same finding as previous CT in 16 cases and more accurate finding of herniated site snd size in 2 cases. 2) In one csse, the diagnosis of extreme lateral disc herniation, which was suggested by previous CT, made more certain with CT after discography. 3) There was false negative in 6 cases.
Diagnosis ; Electromyography ; Low Back Pain ; Methods ; Myelography ; Phlebography ; Sciatica

PURPOSE: We have endeavored to find the factors predicting the success of ureteral stenting before cystoscopic retrograde ureteral catheterization in the patients with malignant ureteral obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 38 patients(51 kidneys) were analyzed, who were treated by retrograde ureteral stenting or percutaneous nephrostomy due to ureteral obstruction in non-urologic malignancy during the past 3 years. The sorts of primary tumors were cervix cancer in 14 cases(18 kidneys), stomach cancer in 12 cases(18 kidneys), colo-rectal cancer in 7 cases(9 kidneys), ovary cancer in 4 cases(5 kidneys), and endometrial cancer in 1 case(1 kidney). The cause of the ureteral obstruction was direct tumor invasion in 26 kidneys, lymphadenopathy in 23 kidneys and post radiation therapy in 2 kidneys. Retrograde ureteral stenting had failed in 22 kidneys(ureteral orifice could not be found in 14 kidneys, guide wire could not be advanced in 8 kidneys). RESULTS: Among the 51 kidneys, 29 kidneys(57%) were succeeded, and 22 kidneys(43%) were failed in retrograde ureteral catheterization. In fourteen of 22 kidneys(64%) ureteral orifice could not identified due to hemorrhage and edema of mucosa of bladder, and in 8 kidneys(36%) ureteral catheter could not be advanced to the renal pelvis. The cause of failure of the retrograde ureteral catheterization were direct tumor invasion in 10/26 kidneys(39%), and lymphnode enlargement in 4 of 23 kidneys(17%)(p=0.0007). According to the presence of ureteral obstructive symptoms, 8/29 kidneys(28%) were with the presence of ureteral obstruction symptoms, whereas 14/22 kidneys(64%) were failed with the absence of ureteral obstructive symptoms(p=0.0051). Of the obstruction site, 4/21 kidneys(19%) of upper to mid ureteral obstruction and 18/30 kidneys(79%) of lower ureteral obstruction were failed(p=0.0056). Of the degree of hydronephrosis, 18/47 kidneys(38%) of mild to moderate degree of hydronephrosis and 4/4 kidneys(100%) of severe hydronephrosis were failed(p=0.0022). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that direct tumor invasion to the ureter, asymptomatic ureteral obstruction, lower ureteral obstruction, and high grade hydronephrosis were regarded as a high failure factors for the retrograde ureteral catheterization. Thus, we should not hesitate to choose percutaneous nephrostomy, in such condition that makes difficult for retrograde ureteral catheterization in malignant ureteral obstruction patients.
Edema ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney ; Kidney Pelvis ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Mucous Membrane ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Stents* ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Catheters ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1* ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1* ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.

Testicular granulosa cell tumor(GCT) is a rare neoplasm. We report here on an incidentally discovered testicular granulosa cell tumor in a 36-year-old man. The serum tumor markers were within the normal limits. The ultrasonographic findings revealed a mass with a heterogenous hypoechoic echotexture, including multiple variable sized cystic components. The histology on the orchiectomy specimen demonstrated a gonadal stromal tumor with granulosa cell features. Testicular granulosa cell tumor of the adult type is a very rare tumor, and there have been several isolated case reports and small serial studies described in the literature.
Adult ; Female ; Gonads ; Granulosa Cell Tumor ; Granulosa Cells ; Humans ; Orchiectomy ; Testicular Neoplasms ; Testis ; Biomarkers, Tumor

No abstract available.
Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: In patient with grade III cystocele, to determine whether the anterior vaginal wall tissue, remnant at the anterior colporrhaphy, is an appropriate sling material, we retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of sling operations that used remnant anterior vaginal wall tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An anterior colporrhaphy and sling operation using remnant vaginal wall tissue was undertaken in 21 patients. The preoperative evaluation included the patients' history, a physical examination, urinalysis, an urodynamic test, a voiding cystourethrogram and incontinence staging with Stamey grade. The surgical outcomes and stress- related leakage, emptying ability, anatomy, protection, inhibition (SEAPI) were assessed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period, operation time and hospital stay were 18 months (12-36), 45.4 minutes and 8.6 days, respectively. 18 patients (85.7%) were cured and 3 (14.3%) improved. The total subjective SEAPI score of 8.48 decreased postoperatively to 1.78. The pre- and post-operative complications were unremarkable. CONCLUSIONS: The remnant anterior vaginal wall sling was helpful in minimizing the postoperative complications and cost effectiveness. Although long-term follow-up data might be required, this technique could be a good alternative method to replace conventional fascial or synthetic pubovaginal slings with grade III cystocele.
Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Cystocele* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Physical Examination ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; Urodynamics

PURPOSE: To investigate whether the up-regulation of Bcl-2 gene expression may be associated with chemotherapy resistance and malignant progression in human renal cell carcinomas (HRCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The HRCC cell line, SN12C, was cultured in MEM medium, supplemented with 10% FBS. Full length of Bcl-2 cDNA was obtained using the sense primer (5'-ATGGCGCACGCTGGGAGAACGG-3') and the antisense primer (5'-TCACTTGTGGCTCAGATAGG-3') and inserted into SN12C cells to establish stable cells expressing the Bcl-2 gene (SN12C/smcb2). To investigate the response to doxorubicin in orthotropic organs, SN12C/smcb2 and parental cells were implanted into the subcapsular renal tissue of nude mice (n=5). The mice were treated with doxorubicin (8mg/kg) on days 8 and 15 following tumor cell implantation. Tumor tissues, obtained from the kidneys and lungs, were ex vivo cultured (SN12C/smcb2-kidney and SN12C/smcb2-lung, respectively). To compare the metastatic potential in these cell lines, the gelatinolytic activity was measured by zymogram and the expression of type IV collagenase (MMP-9) examined by western blot. RESULTS: In the in vitro study, the SN12C/smcb2 was more resistant to doxorubicin than the parental cells, and treatment and those cells produced a higher rate of tumor formation and metastasis. The SN12C/ smcb2-kidney showed higher gelatinolytic activity than the parental cells. Higher expression levels of type IV collagenase were detected in the SN12C/smcb2-lung and SN12C/smcb2-kidney, but barely detected in SN12C. CONCLUSIONS: The up-regulation of Bcl-2 gene expression in HRCC cells induces drug resistance to doxorubicin and increases the metastatic potential. Although the drug resistance induced by Bcl-2 over-expression enhances distant metastasis (lung), the up-regulation of Bcl-2 may enhance the malignant potential of tumor cells and produce distant metastasis.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cell Line ; Collagenases ; DNA, Complementary ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Resistance* ; Drug Therapy ; Genes, bcl-2* ; Humans* ; Kidney ; Lung ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Parents ; Up-Regulation