PURPOSE: To evaluate the fundus findings, refractive error, strabismus, and visual outcomes in spontaneously regressed ROP patients, and to compare the results with that of the full term infants. METHODS: The medical records of 126 eyes in 67 spontaneously regressed ROP patients were retrospectively reviewed for refraction, IOP, ERG findings, fundus findings, and strabismus. Refraction and strabismus were compared according to active ROP stages and the presence of plus disease. Bestcorrected visual acuity (BCVA) was evaluated for 40 eyes in 22 patients who were able to check the corrected visual acuity. RESULTS: All spontaneously regressed ROP patients had no cicatricial changes on fundus examination, and had normal IOP, and ERG findings. The incidence of myopia over 2.0 D and high myopia over 6.0 D was 18.2% and 7.1% respectively, and 10.5% had strabismus. Refraction and strabismus was not significantly different according to either active ROP stag or the presence of plus disease. For 40 eyes in 22 patients, 92.5% had BCVA 0.5 or better, and for 3 eyes with BCVA below 0.5, strabismic amblyopia and high myopia was the main cause of poor vision. CONCLUSIONS: All spontaneously regressed ROP patients had no cicatricial changes on fundus examination, and most of the patients had favorable visual outcomes. The incidence of myopia was not different from that of the term infants. The incidence of strabismus was higher than that of the term infants, but it was not different from that of the premature infants without ROP.
Amblyopia ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Medical Records ; Myopia ; Refractive Errors ; Retrospective Studies ; Strabismus ; Visual Acuity

There are several EKG changes in cerebrovascular disease(CVD). The wide prominent of inverted T wave is frequently developed in patients with CVD. There were case reports for CVD in patient with ST-segment elevation without myocardial infarction, but the exact mechanism is unknown. EKG abnormalities associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage were first described by Byer et al, in 1947.1 We report the case of 72 years old female patient who developed subarachnoid hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage with ST-segment elevation.
Aged ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*

The pattern of thickening of the extrahepatic bile duct on computed tomography was analysed in 30 cases with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis diagnosed by surgery (n=19) or clinical basis (n=11). The mean wall thickness of the extrahepatic bile duct was 3.3mm (range, 1-6.3mm). Diffuse thickening of the extrahepatic bile ductal wall was demonstrated in 26 of 30 cases. Diffuse thickening of the extrahepatic bile duct in recurrent pyogenic cholangitis may be differentiated from focal thickening of duct in a common duct cancer or pancreatic cancer.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic* ; Cholangitis* ; Pancreatic Neoplasms

The pattern of thickening of the extrahepatic bile duct on computed tomography was analysed in 30 cases with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis diagnosed by surgery (n=19) or clinical basis (n=11). The mean wall thickness of the extrahepatic bile duct was 3.3mm (range, 1-6.3mm). Diffuse thickening of the extrahepatic bile ductal wall was demonstrated in 26 of 30 cases. Diffuse thickening of the extrahepatic bile duct in recurrent pyogenic cholangitis may be differentiated from focal thickening of duct in a common duct cancer or pancreatic cancer.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic* ; Cholangitis* ; Pancreatic Neoplasms

Use of contact lenses in children is much more difficult than n adults, and there has been some limitation to generalized application of contact lenses in children. To investigate the practicability of contact lenses in children and find the ways that could help to improve the compliance to contact lens, we reviewed 124 eyes of 120 patients who underwent contact lens treatment between 1987 to 1996 and inspected the compliance and side effects of contact lens, and the factors that influenced the compliance. The age of the patients ranged from 2.9 months to 9.7 years(average, 49 months)at the time of their first fitting. Contact lens has been applied in the patients with aphakia, anisometropia, high myopia, post-traumatic astigmatism and the types of lens included extended-wear soft lens(EWSL), daily-wear soft lens and rigid gas permeable(RGP) lens. Average follow-up duration was 36.9 month. Seventy-nine patients(65.8%) were fit successfully until the last follow-up examination and 25 patients of these(31.6%) experienced complications such as corneal erosion, conjunctival injection. Ten patients(8.3%) were fit well initially but discontinued the treatment due to poor cooperation of the patient, frequent loss or break of lenses, or complication such as frequent conjunctival infection. Thirty-one patients could not adapt to lens treatment. The compliance was influenced by age, type of lens and the residence of the patients, whereas sex or class of disease had no significant influence on the compliance. The frequency of lens exchange was reduced with duration of lens treatment and EWSL were purchased most frequently. The incidence of side effects was highest with EWSL. In conclusion, our study showed that the compliance to contact lens in children is not bad and consideration of the factors that can affect the compliance can improve fitting in children.
Adult ; Anisometropia ; Aphakia ; Astigmatism ; Child* ; Compliance ; Contact Lenses* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Myopia

The reservoir hosts of Thelazia callipaeda were examined. The eyes of the 76 dogs raised at farm, 78 military dogs (shepherds), 96 cattle, and 105 pigs were investigated for the presence of eyeworm. Among them, six worms of T. callipaeda were collected from two dogs raised at farm (2.7%), and 188 worms from 26 shepherds (33.5%). No worms were recovered from the cattle or pigs. These results suggest that the dogs, especially the military dogs are serving as a reservoir host of T. callipaeda. in Korea.
Animals ; Cattle ; Disease Reservoirs/*veterinary ; Dog Diseases/epidemiology/*parasitology ; Dogs ; Eye/parasitology ; Female ; *Host-Parasite Interactions ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Prevalence ; Spirurida Infections/epidemiology/parasitology/*veterinary ; Swine ; Thelazioidea/*isolation & purification

PURPOSE: We compared the clinicopathologic effects of TTT between pigmented and albino rabbits. METHODS: TTT was delivered using infrared diode laser at 810 nm(Iris Medical Instrument, Mountain Veiw, CA, USA) and applied with spot size of 3 mm, duration of 60 seconds. At 1 week and 4 weeks after TTT, fundus photographs and simultaneous FAG/ICG angiogram were taken with SLO(Scanning Laser Ophthalmolscopy, Rodenstock, Munish, Germany). Light and electron microscopic examination were performed. RESULTS: In pigmented rabbits, visible funduscopic change was visible even with minimal power setting(100 mW). Obliteration of choroidal vessels was observed on ICG angiogram. In microscopic examination, entire layers of neural retina, retinal pigment epithelial cells, and deep choroid were severely damaged at the center of treated fields. Whereas, in albino rabbits fundus changes were not observed at any power setting. However, focal thrombosis at margin of lesion was identified on ICG angiogram after power of 300 mW. In microscopic examination, tissue damage was developed up to 600 mW and the lesion extended into the superficial choroid posteriorly and outer neural retina anterioly. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of TTT was increased with fundus pigmentation. Clinically we should adjust TTT power setting according to the amount of melanin pigmentation in the fundus.
Choroid ; Epithelial Cells ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Melanins ; Pigmentation ; Rabbits ; Retina* ; Retinaldehyde ; Thrombosis

PURPOSE: To assess the combined effectiveness of angioinfarction and immunotherapy for improving survival in patients with stage IV renal cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS:During the past 3 years, 13 patients of stage IV renal cell carcinoma were treated with angioinfarction and immunotherapy. Angioinfarction was performed on these 13 patients using absolute ethanol and occlusive baloon catheter. After angioinfarction, Interferon alpha was used for immunotherapy. For our analysis, 12 control patients of stage IV renal cell carcinoma without treatment were included in the study. Survival has been calculated according to the Kaplan and Meier method. RESULTS: The 1 year survival rate and median survival time in patients treated with angioinfarction and immunotherapy, were 46% and 13 months and in patients without treatment, 16% and 4 months, respectively. CONCLUSION:The combined treatment of angioinfarction and immunotherapy is of considerable value for improving survival in patients with stage IV renal cell carcinoma
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Catheters ; Ethanol ; Humans ; Immunotherapy* ; Interferon-alpha ; Survival Rate

No abstract available.
Spinal Stenosis*

AIM: To evaluate fundus findings in patients with intracranial aneurysm (ICA) to determine the relation between ICA and distinguishable retinal features.METHODS: We analyzed the medical records and ocular images of 46 patients with previously diagnosed ICA referred from the Neurosurgical Department.All patients underwent ophthalmologic evaluation including fluorescein angiography (FAG).Furthermore, the presence of drusen, macular degeneration, cotton wool spot, hard exudates, retinal hemorrhage, arteriolar attenuation, A-V crossing signs, arm-to-retina time, and A-V transit time were evaluated.The results of ICA patients (Group 1) were compared with those of 22 idiopathic epiretinal membrane patients with unaffected eyes (Group 2).RESULTS: Mean ages were 60.02y (Group 1) and 60.68y (Group 2) respectively (P=0.70).The prevalence of hypertension was similar in both groups.No case with retinal macroaneurysm was found in either group.The presence of drusen, macular degeneration, cotton wool spot, hard exudates, retinal hemorrhage, arteriolar attenuation, and A-V crossing sign was not significantly different between the two groups.Mean arm-to-retina time was not significantly different in two groups, either.CONCLUSION: We cannot find any evidence that the patients with ICA shows specific changes in the FAG and fundus.