BACKGROUND: Disinfection is essential for the prevention of hospital infection. HICLO-S (Soosan environment Co., Yongin, Korea), one of the electrolyzed oxidized water was recently developed as a disinfectant. This is not costly and does not cause any clinical problems and environmental pollution. We evaluated the disinfective activity of HICLO-S against several clinical isolates of bacteria and yeasts. METHODS: 25 strains of bacteria and two strains of yeast were exposed to HICLO-S (30 & 50 ppm HICLO-S) disinfectant for the various periods (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 15, 20 minutes). After the exposure to HICLO-S disinfectant, 0.01 mL of mixture of microorganisms and HICLO-S was inoculated into brain-heart infusion broth or onto Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated at 35degrees C for 48hours. RESULTS: All strains of bacteria and yeast were killed within 30 seconds after an exposure to 30 ppm of HICLO-S. All of three strains of spore forming Bacillus subtilis were killed within 4 minutes after an exposure to 30ppm of HICLO-S, but all of three strains were killed within 30 seconds in 50 ppm of HICLO-S. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that HICLO-S disinfectant was effective for the disinfection of commonly isolated bacteria and yeast from hospital, but less effective against spore-forming bacteria. It may be recommended that HICLO-S should he used for the effective disinfection of skin, instruments and hospital floors.
Agar ; Bacillus subtilis ; Bacteria ; Cross Infection ; Disinfection ; Environmental Pollution ; Glucose ; Gyeonggi-do ; Skin ; Spores ; Water ; Yeasts

BACKGROUND: The risk of rubella infection is higher among hospital employees than others because of more exposure to rubella viruses. Because rubella infection during pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome, special preventive measures should be taken for female employees in the hospital. METHODS: 309 employees in Soonchunhyang Kumi Hospital, aged from 18 to 45 years old, were included this study. Rubella IgG antibody was detected by the method of MEIA (microparticle enzyme immunoassay). And non-immunized employees were received by Wister RA 27/3 rubella vaccination and rechecked rubella antibody titers at 2 months later after vaccination. RESULTS: Among 309 subjects, 276(89.3%) were positive for rubella IgG antibody. The overall mean titer of rubella antibody was 72 IU/mL (SD: 67 IU/mL). The rubella antibody in titer decreased gradually with aging. The seroconversion rate after vaccination was 100%(28/28). CONCLUSIONS: The authors recommend that the employees susceptible to rubella or all employees in the hospital should be vaccinated for preventing rubella.
Aging ; Cross Infection* ; Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Rubella Syndrome, Congenital ; Rubella Vaccine ; Rubella virus* ; Rubella* ; Vaccination*

No abstract available.
Facial Paralysis* ; Fascia Lata* ; Fascia*

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the role of HPV 16 and 18 in adenocarcinoma in situ(ACIS) of the uterine cervix. METHODS: Seventeen cases of primary cervical adenocarcinoma in situ were analyzed for HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction. HPV 16 and 18 DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded histologic tissue sections by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: 35.3% and 23.5% of ACIS were positive for HPV 16 and HPV 18 DNA, respectively. From the normal tissue, 11.8% were positive for HPV 16. Human papillomavirus positive patients were younger than negative patients but statistically insignificant(mean age 42.1 vs 51.7 years). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that HPV type 16 and 18 were closely related to etiology of the ACIS of the uterine cervix.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Cervix Uteri* ; DNA ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; Humans* ; Papilloma* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Various anatomical defects have been described in the surviving co-twin who had stillborn, macerated monozygotic co-twin with disseminated intravascular coagulation. The suggested mechanism was the transfer of emboli or thromboplastic materials of dead fetus to co-twin through placental vascular anastomoses. Multicystic encephalomalacia is the condition defined anatomically by the presence of multiple cavities in the great part of both cerebral hemispheres. The most common pathogenesis is circulatory disturbance caused by neonatal asphyxia during the perinatal period. We experienced two cases of monozygotic twin with deceased co-twin at 26 weeks, 33 weeks of gestation and confirmed the diffuse multicystic encephalomalacia by cranial ultrasonography and MRI in a surviving co-twin. Only one patient has been followed who showed spastic cerebral palsy and severe mental retardation. We report two cases of multicystic encephalomalacia in a surviring co-twin with a intrauterine fetal death and its related literatures.
Asphyxia ; Cerebral Palsy ; Cerebrum ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Encephalomalacia* ; Fetal Death* ; Fetus ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Twins, Monozygotic ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Legionella*

No abstract available.
Ascites ; Hydrops Fetalis* ; Pleural Effusion ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Erythrocytes*

Neurofibromatosis is a syndrome of multiple neurofibromas, abnormal skin pigmentation and certain bony abnormalities. Sometimes the growth of plexiform neurofibromatosis on the face or trunk is centripetal and usually involves the mediastinum and skull base. However, it is very rare that neurofibromatosis involves the trigeminal ganglion. Its encroachment around the foramina of the skull base may induce facial palsy or conductive hearing loss. The guiding principle in the treatment of generalized neurofibromatosis is a radical excision with preservation of vital structures and an immediate reconstruction of the bony skeleton and soft tissue defect. The authors experienced 4 cases of neurofibromatosis involving the trigeminal ganglion. All had trigeminal symptoms for 3 to 4 years. These were severe headache and intractable trigeminal neuralgia. Tumors in all 4 cases were spread in the centripetal type from extracranial neurofibromatosis. The facial nerve was affected in 4 cases. Malignat Schwannoma occurred in 1 case. Accurate diagnosis and assessments were necessary with CT, MRI art oomputer-aided simulation design. Intraoperative bleeding was minimal with hypotensive anesthesia. Surgical approach to the middle cranial fossa involved temporary removal of the zygomatic arch and TMJ disarticulation with downward traction of the mandible. Satisfactory results have been obtained far 3 to 7 years(mean 5 years) follow-up.
Anesthesia ; Cranial Fossa, Middle ; Diagnosis ; Disarticulation ; Facial Nerve ; Facial Paralysis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Headache ; Hearing Loss, Conductive ; Hemorrhage ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mandible ; Mediastinum ; Neurilemmoma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Skeleton ; Skin Pigmentation ; Skull Base ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Traction ; Trigeminal Ganglion* ; Trigeminal Neuralgia ; Zygoma