No abstract available.
Sternotomy*

Eosinophilic cholecystitis is a rare disease characterized by transmural leukocyte infiltration composed of more than 90% eosinophils. Eosinophilic cholecystitis is clinically indistinguishable from ordinary cholecystitis, and as a rule it leads to cholecystectomy. We report a case of idiopathic eosinophilic cholecystitis treated with steroids. A 75-year-old woman presented with a classic history of acute cholecystitis and a peripheral eosinophilia of 41.8%. There was no evidence of allergy or parasitic infestation. An abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scan showed an edematous, thickened gallbladder wall, but no gallstones. There was no evidence of eosinophilic infiltration in other organs. Cholecystectomy was not performed because the patient refused surgical management. However, fever, abdominal pain, and peripheral eosinophilia persisted despite antibiotic and conservative therapy. Therefore, we attempted treatment with prednisolone. A week later, the symptoms disappeared and the peripheral eosinophilia normalized.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystitis ; Cholecystitis, Acute ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Fever ; Gallbladder ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Leukocytes ; Prednisolone ; Rare Diseases ; Steroids

Human sparganosis is caused by the larval tapeworm of genus Spirometra. This parasite commonly invades subcutaneous tissues and muscles. However, infection in the pleural cavity is rare. A 65-year-old male patient, who had undergone surgical excision of subcutaneous masses due to a parasite infection (presumed to have been sparganosis) approximately 10 years ago, showed pleural effusion and peripheral eosinophilia. The anti-sparganum specific IgG antibody levels in the serum and pleural fluid were significantly higher than the normal control levels. Three consecutive doses of praziquantel (75 mg/kg/day) were administered for control of pleural effusion and peripheral eosinophilia. In this patient, sparganosis was suspected, and the probable cause of the infection was ingestion of raw snakes and frogs. Immunoserologic tests using ELISA can be helpful in diagnosis of pleural sparganosis and praziquantel is suggested as an alternative treatment for surgically unresectable cases.
Cestoda ; Eating ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Male ; Muscles ; Parasites ; Pleural Cavity ; Pleural Effusion ; Pleurisy ; Praziquantel ; Snakes ; Sparganosis ; Sparganum ; Spirometra ; Subcutaneous Tissue

No abstract available.
Family Practice* ; Hospitals, Community* ; Humans

A choledochocele is an expanded sac of the duodenal side of the distal common bile duct (CBD), and is categorized as a type III choledochal cyst. Unlike other choledochal cysts, it can be easily overlooked because of its very low prevalence, non-specific clinical symptoms, and lack of distinctive radiological findings. However, a patient having a repeated pancreaticobiliary disorder with an unknown origin, frequent abdominal pain after cholecystectomy, or repeated non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms can be suspected as having a choledochocele, and a more accurate diagnosis can be achieved via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound. Because it rarely becomes malignant, a choledochocele can be treated via endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and surgical treatment. The authors were able to diagnose choledochocele accompanied by a stone in a patient admitted to the authors' hospital due to cholangitis and pancreatitis. The patient's condition was suspected to have been caused by a distal CBD stone detected via multiple detector computed tomography and ERCP, and was successfully treated via EST.
Abdominal Pain ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangitis ; Cholecystectomy ; Choledochal Cyst* ; Common Bile Duct* ; Diagnosis ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Pancreatitis ; Prevalence ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic ; Ultrasonography

The common cause of tracheoesophageal fistula(T-E fistula) after tracheal intubation is ulceration and necrosis of the posterior wall of trachea by compression pressure generated by cuff. We experienced a young woman sustaining a T-E fistula which was found on the 12th day of intubation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Because spontaneous closure of the fistula is far uncommon, operative closure should be aimed for and should be done as soon as diagnosis is conformed. We delayed operative closure because of poor general condition of the patient. In spite of delayed reconstruction, the tracheal reconstruction itself was successful, but the patient died of peritonitis induced sepsis on the postoperative 41th day.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fistula ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Necrosis ; Peritonitis ; Sepsis ; Trachea ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula* ; Ulcer

As in other domains, artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly important in medicine. In particular, deep learning-based pattern recognition methods can advance the field of pathology by incorporating clinical, radiologic, and genomic data to accurately diagnose diseases and predict patient prognoses. In this review, we present an overview of artificial intelligence, the brief history of artificial intelligence in the medical domain, recent advances in artificial intelligence applied to pathology, and future prospects of pathology driven by artificial intelligence.
Artificial Intelligence ; Humans ; Pathology ; Prognosis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term immediate effects of balloon dilatation of the tuberculous bronchial stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three women with tuberculous bronchial stenosis (19, left main bronchus ; 4, right main bronchus) underwent balloon dilatation (13 bronchoscopically guided ; 10 fluoroscopically guided). Immediate (n=23) and long-term follow-up (mean, 17.2 months; range, 1 month-6years 3 months; n=20) assessments focused on changes in the results of the pulmonary function test (PFT). An increase in FVC or FEVI of more than 10% after the procedure was considered effective. in all patients, any complications were evaluated. RESULTS: Balloon dilatation was effective at immediate follow-up in 69.5% of patients(16/23) and in 75.0%(15/20) atlong-term follow-up. Bronchoscopically and fluoroscopically-guided balloon dilatation proved effective in 61/5%(8/13) and 80.0% of patients (8/10) on immediate follow-up respectively, but in 90.0%(9/10) and 60/0%(6/10)on long term folow-up respectively. Balloon dilatation was effective in the active(n=10) and inactive(n=13) stage of tuberculous bronchitis in 80.0%(8/10) and 61.5% of cases(8/13) on immediate follow-up respectively, but in 66.6%(6/9) and 81.8%(9/11) on long term follow-up study, respectively. CONCLUSION: On immediate follow-up, balloon dilatation of tubular bronchial stenosis was more effective in the active than in the inactive stage, buton long-term foolow-up was less effective; long-term improvement in the inactive stage was, however, well-maintained.
Bronchi ; Bronchitis ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Dilatation* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is rare and primarily observed in children with severe dehydration or in adults in a hypercoagulable state. This diagnosis is rarely considered when it occurs in adults. We report a case of a young man who had weight loss of 8 kg in 2 weeks accompanied by dehydration with excessive exercise, and he developed a right RVT with a pulmonary thromboembolism. The man had a 3-year history of essential hypertension and was admitted to the hospital because of severe right-flank pain. A RVT and pulmonary thromboemboli were visualized by computed tomography. No abnormal results were observed on coagulation tests, and no evidence of malignancy was found. We concluded that the RVT and pulmonary thromboembolism were induced by dehydration. Even though the patient was an adult, rapid weight loss with dehydration may cause RVT and unusual thromboembolic events must be suspected to avoid a delay in the diagnosis.
Adult ; Child ; Dehydration ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Renal Veins ; Thrombosis ; Venous Thrombosis ; Weight Loss

Tracheobronchial injuries are uncommon. Except for the cervical region, most tracheobronchial injuries are due to blunt chest trauma in Korea. The depth of the tracheobronchial trees renders these structures relatively safe from stab wound. We experienced a case of left main bronchial laceration with azygos vein tear following stab wound in the back of right chest firstly in Korea. The patient was a 24 years old male. A routine chest radiography showed a knife in chest at emergency room. We didn't remove the knife at emergency room. This patient was carried to operation room in 30 minutes after arrival of our hospital without computed tomography and bronchoscopy. The operation was performed through standard right posterolateral thoracotomy and then the knife was removed. The left main bronchus and azyos vein were lacerated obliquely. The penetrated azygos vein was ligated and the laceration of the left main bronchus was repaired. Postoperative course was uneventful.
Azygos Vein* ; Bronchi* ; Bronchoscopy ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Korea ; Lacerations* ; Male ; Radiography ; Thoracotomy ; Thorax ; Veins ; Wounds and Injuries ; Wounds, Stab* ; Young Adult