BACKGROUND: Recently, clinical use of fresh frozen plasma(FFP) has increased in all blood transfusion activity. But inappropriate uses of FFP may be serious problem due to adverse transfusion reactions, viral transmission, and economic aspects. The aim of this study is to justify clinical indication of FFP by receiving the inappropriate use of them. METHODS: Analyzing hospital records of 115 patients transfused with FFP at Kyung Hee Medical Center from January to April 1998, retrospectively, we investigated the purpose of transfusions, the volume of transfused FFP, and the results of pre- and post-coagulation tests. RESULTS: The most common purpose of transfusions of FFP was plasma volume replacement after surgical operation. Coagulation tests of pre- and post-transfusion were performed 85% and 47%, respectively. Fifty-seven patients(88%) transfused FFP have shown normal results in pre-coagulation tests, and the volume replacement with FFP was done inadequately in 62 cases(54%). CONCLUSION: We conclude that, in order to eliminate side effects due to inappropriate use of FFP, and protect patients, it is necessary to make guidelines of FFP transfusion, educate hospital staffs regularly, and perform pre- and post-coagulation tests routinely for the patients who need FFP transfusion. (Korean J Blood Transfusion 10(1): 5-12, 1999)
Blood Group Incompatibility ; Blood Transfusion ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Plasma Volume ; Plasma* ; Retrospective Studies

Between Feb. 1992 and Apr, 1995, the authors have performed arthroscopic abrasion arthroplasty in 78 knees of 76 patients with degenerative osteoarthritis. The followup period was between 24 and 58 months, with on an average of 41 months. All patients had Zarins grade IV articular cartilage change. The results were as follows. 1. Of the total 78 knees, results were excellent in 25(32%), good in 33(42A), fair in 12(17%), poor in 8(10%) knees respectively. 2, The best results were obtained patellofemoral abrasion arthroplasty. 3. The poor results were obtained in patients with the both femoral condyle, lesion. 4. The results were much better in young age group (below 40 years). Aroscopic abrasion arthroplasty is not a curative but palliative method. But it could be an appealing altemative to total knee arthroplasty or high tibial osteotomy or can be performed postoperated after these reconstructive proeedures.
Arthroplasty* ; Cartilage, Articular ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee* ; Osteoarthritis* ; Osteotomy

The Graf stabilization has been introduced in treating lumbar spinal disorder associated with posterior instability. This study reviewed some problems of the Graf instrumentation as a soft stabilizer. The purpose of this study is to analyse the problems of the soft stabilization in spinal instability. We reviewed 145 cases which were operative treatment using the Graf instrument for lumbar spinal disorder associated with posterior instability at our department from May, 1991 to Dec, 1995. The mean follow up periods was 29 months ranging from 24 months to 6 years 8 months. Of the 145 cases, 22 cases were showed the problem. The diagnostic method were simple x-ray, flexion-extension lateral stress view and CT scan. Results were as follows : Adjacent segmental instability was 10 cases(6.9%), disc space narrowing was 8 cases(5.5%), screw loosening was 3 cases(2.1%) and breakage of the Graf band was 1 case(0.6%). The problems of the soft stabilization were adjacent segmental instability, disc space narrowing, screw loosening, and breakage of the Graf band. But the rate of adjacent segmental instability and disc space narrowing was lower than other lumbar spinal instrumentation.
Follow-Up Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: To evaluate CT findings of internal hernia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three patients with internal hernia had abdominal CT scans and two of them had small bowel follow through examinations. The CT features of two patients with retroanastomotic and one patient with left paraduodenal hernia were evaluated and correlated with small bowel follow through examinations, and surgical findings. Two patients with retroanastomotic hernia had a history of subtotal gastrectomy with antecolic gastrojejunostomy. The diagnosis of internal hernia was made on the basis of surgical find ings in two patients of retroanastomotic hernia, and characteristic barium study findings in one patient of left paraduodenal hernia. RESULTS: The small bowel follow through examination showed small bowel loops gathered in a circumscribed mass in the left mid abdomen, and delay in passage through these loops. In case of left paraduodenal hernia, abrupt narrowing of the distal duodenum could be identified. The characteristic CT findings of all three patients were whorling of the mesentery and mesenteric vessels in the left mid-abdomen. In the patient with left paraduodenal hernia, after resolution of the gastrointestinal symptoms, a follow-up CT scan showed spontaneous disappearance of whorling of the mesentery and mesenteric vessels suggesting spontaneous resolution of the hernia. In the other two cases, upon exploration of the abdomen, dilatation of afferent duodenum caused by adhesion between ligament of Treitz and adjacent bowel walls, and retro- anastomotic herniation of the efferent loops were found. CONCLUSION: The usual diagnosis of internal hernia is based on the appearance of the small bowel follow through examination. However, we consider that the whorling appearance(we call it whorling sign) of the mesentery and mesenteric vessels on CT scan is also suggestive of internal hernia in patients under clinical suspicion.
Abdomen ; Barium ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Duodenum ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; Gastric Bypass ; Hernia ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Mesentery* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Since March 1993, high resolution ultrasonography has been performed in Pusan National University hospital as a routine preoperative check for patients with suspected or malignant thyroid nodules, identified by initial screening with fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Our one-year experience with 66 cases from June 1993 to June 1994 is as follows: 1) On the permanent sections, the nodule was a papillary thyroid carcinoma in 45.5%, a follicular adenoma in 27.3%, a adenomatous goiter in 22.7%, and a cyst in 4.5% of the total 66 cases, respectively. 2) Ultrasonographically, additional smaller nodule(s) was present in 60% of cases with a papillary thyroid carcinoma; also, papillary carcinomas were present in 61.1% of the permanent sections. In 2 cases of follicular adenomas, the additional nodules were papillary carcinomas on the permanent sections. 3) Multiple small calcifications within the nodule were found in 50.0% of the cases with a papillary thyroid carcinoma. 4) Enlargement of the jugular chain of nodes was found in 21.2% of the 66 cases, and was microscopically positive in 92.9% of the cases. Although not an essential element in initial screening, an ultrasonographic study of the thyroid may be quite useful in patients with suspected or malignant thyroid nodule.
Adenoma ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Busan ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Goiter ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroid Nodule* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Dialysis* ; Peritonitis* ; Salmonella*

No abstract available.
Dialysis* ; Peritonitis* ; Salmonella*

PURPOSE: Array-CGH is the technique for detecting multiple chromosomal abnormalities in the genomic DNA with using a single procedure. Compared with conventional CGH, there are many advantages for array-CGH such as high resolution, simplified image analysis and high throughput, and its oligo-strategy allows a genome based design. We analyzed the gene aberrations in breast cancer patient to discover the other genomic aberrations that are associated with c-erbB-2 amplification. METHODS: 10 cases of breast cancer patients, considering its c-erbB-2 status of the paraffin embedded tissues, were analyzed with performing array-CGH. RESULTS: The repeated aberrations in whole cases were found in 78 loci, of which repeatedly gained in 1p36.33, 19p13.13, and lost in 14q32.33, 4q32.3, 10p15.3, 14q21.1. The unsupervised dendrogram couldn't show significant classifier for its limited case number. Each tissue from one bilateral breast cancer patient showed a different aberration pattern. There were no BRCA1, 2 aberrations in this study. The concordance was 100% between the IHC and the a-CGH. By the supervised clustering on the c-erbB-2 factor, 18 aberrations (gained in 17q12-21.1, 17q12, 17q21.1, 17q11.2 and lost in 22q11.1, 15q11.2) were found in c-erbB-2 (+) group with the permutation t-test. The repeated aberrations of c-erbB-2 (+) group were found in 170 loci, of which repeatedly gained in 17q12, 17q21.1 and lost in 14q32.33, 22q11.1. CONCLUSION: Although the number of cases was small, performing a-CGH with paraffin embedded breast cancer tissue was a useful technique for rapidly identifying DNA aberrations with high throughput, and this technique showed significant aberrations for some clinical variables.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; DNA* ; Genome ; Humans ; Paraffin

Wegener's granulomatosis is a disease of unknown etiology that is characterized by the clinicopathologic complex of necrotixing granulomatous vasculitis of the upper and lower respiratory tract, glomerulonephritis, and variable degrees of small vessel vasculitis. Recently Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) has been reported to be a highly specific test for the diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis. We have experienced a patient of Wegener's granulomatosis in a 11 year old girl who was admitted with complaints f arthralgia, hematuria, convulsion and associated with otitis media and sinusitis. Serologic test of C-ANCA was positive and histologic findings of the kidney showed crescentic glomerulonephritis with sclerosis and surrounding infiltration of multinucleated giant cells. Patient was treated with pulse methylprednisolone without improvement. The clinical course progressed rapidly and expired due to the renal failure, gastrointestinal bleeding and status epilepticus. A brief review of literatures was made.
Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic* ; Arthralgia ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Giant Cells ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hematuria ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Kidney ; Methylprednisolone ; Otitis Media ; Renal Insufficiency ; Respiratory System ; Sclerosis ; Seizures ; Serologic Tests ; Sinusitis ; Status Epilepticus ; Vasculitis ; Wegener Granulomatosis*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency*