No abstract available.
Family Practice* ; Hospitals, Community* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Ifosfamide*

No abstract available.
Aspergillosis*

Background: Data on the relationship between Parkinson's disease (PD) and stroke have been conflicting, some studies showing a reduced risk of stroke during life because of low prevalence of vascular risk factors, and others indicating an increased risk of strokerelated death. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of vascular risk factors in PD in relation to an unaffected control group and ischemic stroke patient group. Methods: We performed a case-control study on 206 consecutive PD patients, 207 ischemic strokes patients (served as "Disease" controls) and 138 age and sex matched normal subjects (served as controls), calculating multivariate risk estimates (odd ratio) for a series of established risk factors for vascular disease. Results: We found that (1) cigarette smoking (smoker, 0.078, CI=0.034-0.178; ex-smoker, 0.031, CI=0.011-0.088), and diabetes mellitus (0.340, CI=0.169-0.682) were significant less frequent in PD patients than controls, (2) cigarette smoking (smoker, 0.230, CI= 0.094-0.561; ex-smoker, 0.132, CI=0.050-0.348), hypertension (0.283, CI=0.175-0.459), diabetes mellitus (0.257, CI=0.136-0.486), previous stroke (0.063, CI=0.020-0.191), heart disease (0.344, CI=0.176-0.673) than ischemic stroke patients, respectively. Conclusion: We found the significant negative association of a series of vascular factors with PD, indicating a protective effect of PD against ischemic stroke.
Case-Control Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Parkinson Disease* ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors* ; Smoking ; Stroke ; Vascular Diseases*

OBJECTIVES: We report a functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) method for mapping human cerebellar activity during painful cold-stimulation. METHODS: Six healthy volunteers experienced painful thermal stimulation induced by holding an ice bag(0-3C) in their left hand while lying still in 1.5 Tesla MR scanner. In order to capture the hemodynamic BOLD(blood oxygenation level dependent) response associated with the stimuli, a series of susceptibility-weighted MR images were acquired, and a statistical parametric map was generated to visualize and quantify the eloquent areas of brain activation. RESULTS: In addition to cerebral areas including anterior/posterior cingulate gyri, prefrontal cortex, and insula, our results suggested that several cerebellar areas such as quadrangular lobule, bilateral gracile and semilunar lobules were involved in the experience of pain during cold stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: Human cerebellum, in addition to the cerebrum, is involved in the cognition and processing painful sensory stimulation.
Brain ; Cerebellum ; Cerebrum ; Cognition ; Deception ; Hand ; Healthy Volunteers ; Hemodynamics ; Humans* ; Ice ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Oxygen ; Prefrontal Cortex

The prevalence of colon cancer is increasing in Korea and the principal strategy of its management is early detection and surgical resection. For the early detection of colon cancer, endoscopic evaluation is important and the ability to find out early stage small lesion is needed for the endoscopist. To find out encloscopic features of early colon cancer, we reviewed 17 cases of early colon cancer who have admitted to Seoul National University Hospital from January 1982 to December 1993. 1)59% of the lesions were located in rectum and the size ranged from 0.7cm to 9cm, all of the 17 cases showed polypoid mass contour and the surface of them had erosion, hyperemia, ulceration and easy touch bleeding tendency. 2) Colon cancer was diagnosed by endoscopic gross findings in 41% and endoscopic biopsy could confirm colon cancer in 70%. However, barium enema could diagnose only 41% of early colon cancer. 3) Five cases were operated under the diagnosis of colonic adenoma which were large(>3 cm) villous type or contained severe dysplasia 4) Submucosal tumor infiltration was found in 10 cases and 65% had associated adenoma 5) Lymph node involvement was none and there was no recurrence in 47 month follow up period after various surgical treatments.
Adenoma ; Barium ; Biopsy ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Enema ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Hyperemia ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Prevalence ; Rectum ; Recurrence ; Seoul ; Ulcer

BACKGROUND: The development of total intravenous anesthesia in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery has led to increased interest in the use of combination of propofol and remifentanil. Early extubation in post-cardiac surgery reduces the length of stay in intensive care unit and hospital and costs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate which anesthetic factors affect awakening time after anesthesia. METHODS: We enrolled twenty patients of ASA physical status II or III, scheduled for CABG in this study. All patients received a standardized propofol/remifentanil anesthesia as an effect site target controlled infusion. We recorded times to awakening and tracheal extubation, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) period, total time of anesthesia and operation. Also, we recorded dose of propofol, remifentanil, fentanyl and minimum body temperature during CPB. To predict the factors that affect awakening time as a dependent variable, we considered all measured parameters as independent variables, and analyzed multiple linear regressions. RESULTS: The mean time responded to verbal command was 216.5 +/- 124.8 minutes after end of surgery. Among several parameters, minimum body temperature during CPB (P = 0.001) and total time of anesthesia (P = 0.003) were considered as significant factors that influence awakening time after CABG. CONCLUSIONS: Minimum body temperature during CPB and the duration of anesthesia influence awakening time after CABG, significantly.
Airway Extubation ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Body Temperature ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Vessels ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Length of Stay ; Linear Models ; Piperidines ; Propofol ; Transplants

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by hypercoagulability and thrombosis of the renal and deep veins. We describe a case of unusual thrombosis in the portal and superior mesenteric veins of a 41-year-old female, admitted for treatment of abdominal pain, who simultaneously presented with nephrotic syndrome and acute pancreatitis. Laboratory analysis revealed hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and proteinuria. Abdominal computed tomography revealed acute pancreatitis, thrombosis at the portal and superior mesenteric veins, and ischemic changes in the colon and small intestines. Anticoagulation therapy was started immediately. Abdominal pain was subsequently reduced and the ischemic lesion disappeared. Warfarin use could not be terminated immediately. Empirical steroid therapy commenced without a kidney biopsy. Complete remission occurred after 4 weeks. Following warfarin cessation, a kidney biopsy was performed, confirming the diagnosis of minimal change disease.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Colon ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Intestine, Small ; Kidney ; Mesenteric Veins ; Nephrosis, Lipoid ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Pancreatitis* ; Portal Vein* ; Proteinuria ; Thrombophilia ; Thrombosis* ; Veins ; Warfarin

Ganglions are most common benign lesion of the hand and wrist. Although they usually arise from tendon sheaths, those originating within a tendon substance itself are rare. The etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of the intratendonous ganglion are not completely understood. We report a case of an intratendinous ganglion that developed in the extensor digitorum communis tendon of the hand and caused the extension limitation of the wrist. Treatments consisted of the intratendinous ganglion excision and meticulous tendon repair followed by tenosynovectomy.
Ganglion Cysts ; Hand ; Tendons ; Wrist

A 58-yr-old man presented with leg edema and subacute weakness of his bilateral lower extremities. Urinary and serum immunoelectrophoresis revealed the presence of lambda-type Bence Jones proteins. He was ultimately diagnosed with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). A renal biopsy specimen showed fibrillary glomerulonephritis (FGN), which was randomly arranged as 12-20 m nonbranching fibrils in the basement membranes. Immunofluorescence studies were negative for immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgM, IgA, C3, and kappa light chains in the capillary walls and mesangial areas. A Congo red stain for amyloid was negative. Electromyography and nerve conduction velocity examinations results were compatible with the presence of demyelinating polyneuropathy. This case showed a rare combination of FGN, without Ig deposition, and MGUS combined with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).
Amyloid ; Basement Membrane ; Bence Jones Protein ; Biopsy ; Capillaries ; Congo Red ; Edema ; Electromyography ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Immunoelectrophoresis ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins ; Leg ; Lower Extremity ; Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance ; Neural Conduction ; Paraproteinemias ; Polyneuropathies*