BACKGROUND: Cardiac hypertrophy is the compensatory response of the myocadium to increased workload. Compensatory mechanisms come into play when the hypertrophied heart can no longer accommodate the increased demand or persistent stimuli. Although it has been reported that the molecular changes in hypertrophied hearts that initially mediate enhanced function may contribute to the development of heart failure, the structural/biochemical/molecular basis for myocardial contractile failure is still obscure. This study was aimed to clarify the structural basis for relation between hypertrophy and failure. METHOD: Nine pairs of rabbits were sacrificed at 8,12,24,48 hours and 1,2,4,6,8 weeks after experiment aortic constriction. There hearts were studied with routine histopathology. Each heart was weighed and compared with total body weight. Multiple sections were embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 5um, and stained with hematoxylin and cosin and Masson's trichrome and analysed. RESULTS: The heart weight to body weight ratio(g/Kg) increased progressively with time after aortic banding. Banding of the aorta in the rabbit resulted in multifocal areas of myofiber degeneration, necrosis and fibrosis through the wall of the left ventricle, in the papillary muscles of the left ventricle and in the left ventricular portions of the interventricular septum in rabbit of 6 and 8 weeks after aortic banding. By 4 weeks after banding, the foci of necrosis were not observed. CONCLUSION: There findings suggest that the increased necrosis, fibrosis in animals with cardiac hypertrophy induced by banding the aorta may play a role in progression to heart failure.
Animals ; Aorta ; Body Weight ; Cardiomegaly ; Constriction ; Fibrosis ; Heart Failure ; Heart Ventricles ; Heart* ; Hematoxylin ; Hypertrophy ; Necrosis* ; Papillary Muscles ; Paraffin ; Rabbits

No abstract available.
Female ; Laparoscopy* ; Methotrexate* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

Multidirectional shoulder instability is often difficult to diagnose and treat and can be cause of significant disability. Nonoperative rehabilitations and life tyle modifications are the primary treatments. Hiwever, the inferior capsular shift procedure, performed either from an anterior or posterior approach, as described by Neer and Foster, is recommended for symptomatic multidirectional instability that is unresponsive to nonoperative therapy. Twenty-seven shoulders in twenty-seven patients with inferior and multidirectional instability were managed with Neer s inferior capsular shift, through anterior or posterior approach depending on the direction in which the shoulder is most unstable. All of the patients were followed up for an average of 3 years (range one to seven years). The postoperative range of motion of the shoulders was well maintained except 1 patient. Three patients had recurrence of symptomatic and disabling multidirectional instability, but twenty-four (89%) of the shoulders continued to function well with no instability, no pain, no recurrence and no remarkable limitation of motion.
Humans ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Recurrence ; Shoulder*

No abstract available.
CA-125 Antigen* ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
Nephrosis, Lipoid*

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Female ; Obstetric Labor, Premature* ; Pregnancy ; Ritodrine* ; Tocolytic Agents*

It is somewhat difficult to evaluate the result of shock wave lithotripsy for urinary stone due to a variety of lithotripter machine, auxillary procedures and various criteria of successful treatment. So, we analyzed the results of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for the various urinary stones using EDAP LT-01 machine by the method of Effectiveness Quotient( EQ). From February to October in 1992, 175 patients with urinary stone(renal 68, ureteral 117, bladder 1 : 186 organs) underwent ESWL in Korea University. The treatment was done on out-patient basis weekly or biweekly and average shock wave storage was 60 per session and average total storage was 181(20-143l). Completeness of treatment was defined as no stone density on plain film of KUB or ultrasonography. The result of l86 cases of ESWL treatment analyzed by stone free rate(SFR %) at 3months, retreatment, auxillary procedure and effectiveness quotient were 90.3%, 61.3%, 7.5%, 53.8%, respectively. As the size of the stone was increased, the EQ was decreased. Difference of EQ between lower calyceal stone from mid- upper calyceal stone was not seen. Hydronephrosis on the IVP of the ureteral stone patients were classified by 6 group by Fuchs's classification. Mild Hydronephrosis (I, II, III) has larger EQ than severe hydronephrosis(IV, V, VI). It seemed more efficient in mild hydronephrosis for ESWL. The result of EQ was lower than stone free rate in all cases but didn't show reversed result. So, considering of the advantages of ESWL such as non-invasiveness, the rate of retreatment or auxillary procedure should be included in analyzing the results of ESWL in spite obtaining of decreased success rate. Also EQ for the evaluation of the result of ESWL seems to be able to offer standardization among the various machines and circumstances.
Classification ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Korea ; Lithotripsy* ; Outpatients ; Retreatment ; Shock* ; Ultrasonography ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Calculi*

Kallmann syndrome is characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism resulting from insufficient release of GnRH and associated with anosmia or hyposmia. We experienced two cases of Kallmann syndrome with abnormal brain MRI findings(olfactory bulb aplasia) & secondary sexual dysfunction.
Brain ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Hypogonadism ; Kallmann Syndrome* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Olfaction Disorders

Kallmann syndrome is characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism resulting from insufficient release of GnRH and associated with anosmia or hyposmia. We experienced two cases of Kallmann syndrome with abnormal brain MRI findings(olfactory bulb aplasia) & secondary sexual dysfunction.
Brain ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Hypogonadism ; Kallmann Syndrome* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Olfaction Disorders