OBJECTIVE : Bone mineral density is influenced by genetic, hormonal and exogenous factor that adversely affect peak mineral density include cigarette smoking, physical disability, poor calcium intake and certain medication include steroid and anticonvulsant drugs. We studied epileptic children receiving 6months above, to document change of bone mineral density by anticonvulsant drugs. METHODS: From July 1, 1996 to September 1, 1996 lumbar bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 27 children treated with anticonvulsant drugs 6months above (age ranged : 4-13 year) in Soonchunghyang University hospital. The subjects were classified into 3 groups : treated with carbamazepine alone, valproate alone and combined group. RESULTS: 1) Mean age of carbamazepine group was 10.2+/-2.42yrs(6-l4yr), duration of therapy was 22.1+/-13.9 months(6-44 months), mean value of bone mineral densities were 0.668+/-0.128g/cm2(0.548-0.927). Though it was lower than control group in 8, 9, 10, 12, 13 year, had not statistical significance. 2) Mean age of valproate group was 9.8+/-2.92yrs(6-l3yr), duration of therapy was 40.5 +/-22.2months(17-79month), mean value of bone mineral densities were 0.618+/-0.097g/cm2(0.516-0.788). Though it was lower than control group in 7, 10, 13 year, had not statistical significance. 3) Mean age of combined group was 7.9+/-3.2yrs(4-l4yr), duration of therapy was 37.5 +/-24.7months(12-88month), mean value of bone mineral densities were 0.602+/-0.109 g/cm2(0.552-0.807). Though it was lower than control group in 7, 8, 10 year, had not statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Because growing children is more sensitive than adult, in case of receiving long-term anticonvulsant therapy, it is important that early detection and prevention of abnormal bone mineralization by appropriate monitoring.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adult ; Anticonvulsants* ; Bone Density* ; Calcification, Physiologic ; Calcium ; Carbamazepine ; Child* ; Humans ; Smoking ; Valproic Acid

No abstract available.
Animals ; Liver* ; Rats*

Transient synovitis of the hip in children is a non-specific inflammatory and self-limited condition. It is also the most common cause of painful hip in children under ten years of age. Despite of the benign prognosis, there are many difficulties in distinguishing it from other diseases of the hip joint. It remains a common diagnostic problem for clinician because the clinical symptoms, physical findings, and conventional radiography is not pathognomonic of the condition. The authors paid attention to the increase of effusion in the affected hip and studied the value of the hip ultrasonography in 24 cases of transient synovitis from August 1985 to July 1987. The results are summerized as follows : 1. The ratio of male to female was 7 to 1, average age was 7.9 yrs, average hospitalization period was 4.5 days. 2. In simple X-ray studies, no bony change was detectable except for soft tissue signs in 68% of the cases. 3. Capsule-to-bone distance in sagittal ultrasonographic section revealed abnormal increase in 87.5% of the affected hip. 4. Average capsule-to-bone distance of affected hip joint was 7.50 mm, while that of the normal hip was 4.26 mm. 5. As shown in the above studies, ultrasonography can be considered good noninvasive technique in detection and follow-up of hip effusion. So, it is thought to be a valuable method in the diagnosis of transient synovitis of the hip in children.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Joint ; Hip ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Prognosis ; Radiography ; Synovitis ; Ultrasonography

The suture techniques to anastomose successfully small vassels of 1mm in diameter were continuous suture and interrupted suture, and patency rate of them has been estabilished by orthopaedic surgeon. In 1962, Chase and Schwarz reported better results with interrupted suture than with a continuous suture, Firsching reported less time using with continuous suture than with interrupted suture, but no difference in flow rate, in 1984 Lilly reported that interrupted suture does no result in stenosis of venous end to end anastomoses by continuous suturing technique, Mao reported that there was no statically significant difference between two suture methods in patency rate. The authors have experimentally studied the patency rate and histopathological findings of two suture techniques in the 20 Newzealand white rabbit at the department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital and can be obtained the following results. l. In arterial patency, the interrupted suture and continuous suture were 100% in rate and patency rate in veins were 95% in interrupted suture and 75% in continuous suture. 2. Subintimal hyperplasia occured earlier in arteries than in veins and it may be due to the medial component of vessel. 3. In anastomoses of small vessel the accurate apposition of cut vessels edges decreased the thrombi formation of vessel.
Arteries ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Hyperplasia ; Monoamine Oxidase ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures ; Veins

In Korea, slipped capital femoral epiphysis is a rare disease. In which the capital femoral epiphysis migrate posteriorly and inferiorly against the neck portion. Sometimes it should be differentiated from other conditions that separate the femoral capital epiphysis. We have experienced a rare case of separation of capital femoral epiphysis due to an osteosarcoma in the proximal femoral metaphysis in the 15 years of old girl.
Epiphyses ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Neck ; Osteosarcoma ; Rare Diseases ; Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses

No abstract available.
Animals ; Liver* ; Rats*

Dislocation involving talus is a rare injury comprising less than 1% of all dislocations of the joint. One case of lateral subtalar di location of the talus treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kang Nam General Hospital in Decernber 1985. The patient was followed for 6 months and satisfactory healing was obtained.
Dislocations ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Joints ; Orthopedics ; Talus

Hypochondroplasia is a form of short
Achondroplasia ; Christianity ; Dwarfism ; Extremities ; Hand

Arthrodesis of the knes has lost its nopularity since the development of modern knee replscement arthroplasties, however it still has its place as a salvage procedure when replacement arthroplasties are contraindicated. Various techniques have been in the use including the time-tested Charnleys compressiori arthrodesis. Instead of using Charnley's and other similar compression devices, the authors applied single or double compression plates in 8 knees with severe destruction and deformities, and the results are summerized ss follows: l. Included in this series are 5 cases of tuberculous arthritis, 1 case of septic arthritis, 1 case of resistant scar contracture, and 1 case of Charcots knee. 2. Successful fusion was obtained within 18th week, aversge 13th week. No case of pseudarthrosis was experienced. 3. 3 cases of postop. wound drainage and 1 case of peroneal nerve palsy were experienced, but these did not compromise the final results. 4. It may be concluded that Arthrodesis of the knee using compression plate is rigid enough to permit early mobilization of patients and get the certainty of union.
Arthritis ; Arthritis, Infectious ; Arthrodesis ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Cicatrix ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Drainage ; Early Ambulation ; Humans ; Knee ; Paralysis ; Peroneal Nerve ; Pseudarthrosis ; Wounds and Injuries

Closed intramedullary nailing for trochanteric fractures of femur has many advantages such as minimal operative trauma, low incidence of infection, good stability of fracture, low incidence of delayed or nounion and early ambulation. Complications have been frequently experienced especially in elderly, osteoporotic patients, but these could be avoided by meticulous surgical procedure. The authors hsve treated 99 cases of intertrochanteric fracture and 23 cases of subtrochanteric fracture from March 1982 to December 1987 with this method and the results are summerized as follows : 1. The aversge age was 61.4 yrs. 2. In classification of intertrochanteric fracture, stable fractures(Kyle type I & II) were 53 cases(43.3%) and unstable fractures(Kyle type III & IV) were 46 cases(37.6%). And in subtrochanteric fracture, stable transverse fractures were 12 cases(9.8%) and unstable long oblique or spiral fractures were 11 cases(9.0%). 3. Intraoperative complications were experienced in 23 cases(18.8%). The entry hole breakage was most common and occurred in 16 cases. 4. Of the 94 patients with more than 6 months follow-up, 21 patients(22.3%) showed more than one complication, e.g, knee joint pain in 15 cases, external rotation deformity in 8 and nail migration in 11 including 3 cases of fixation loss and one case of nonunion with nail breakage, etc. 5. Complications occurred more frequently in unstable fractures(31.8%) and in old ages (29.1%) than in stable fractures and in young ages respectively. And it was felt that complications could be minimized by packing of the medullary canal with nails. 6. It is thought that flexible intramedullary nailing is a good method for trochanteric fractures of femur not only in elderly debilitated patients but also in young patients. However, experience and caution are required to prevent complications.
Aged ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Early Ambulation ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraoperative Complications ; Knee Joint ; Methods