BACKGROUND: Recently, there are so many newly developed equipments to detect blood gas analysis with serum electrolytes. And then, so many important parameters are quickly reported from laboratory department. So, many clinicians use the data to manage the critical patient. We attempted to detemine the correlation coefficient and adjustment equation. METHODS: Total 68 patients results of Na, K that are cheked using arterial whole blood(288 blood gas system) and venous serum electrolytes analyzer(NOVA 6) were evaluated and we detemined the coefficient of two methods from April to September, 1995. RESULTS: The correlations between the results obtained with NOVA 6 and that of 288 blood gas system were excellent for both Sodium and potassium(r>0.95, p<0.001 in both). In this study, we make the regression equation to adjust the differences between the two methods. Na : y=1.004190X+7.656643(r=0.9637, p<0.001) y=venous serum Na, x=arterial whole blood Na K: y=0.994831X+0.489631(r=0.9545, p<0.001) y=venous serum K, x=arterial whole blood K. CONCLUSIONS: Specimen(whole blood, serum), kind and content of heparin also affect the results of electrolytes. And then, the report of the result after adjustment of them using above equation will provide reinforcement of the efficacy of the results using arterial whole blood specmen. We recommend it especially for emergency laboratories for critical test.
Blood Gas Analysis ; Electrolytes* ; Emergencies ; Heparin ; Humans ; Sodium

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic*

We report herein a caae of linear scleroderma resembling pseudoainhum. The patient was a 17-year-old boy who has 10 years history of linear, ivory colored, atraphic patch on his left 4th finger and left arm. The lesion was progreased slowly, and 2 years before he visited our hospital, his left 4th finger was amputated spontaneously. In histopathological examination, packed collagen, thick collagen bundle in dermis, and large areas of subcutaneous fat were replaced by eollagen fiber. Diagnosis was confirmed by the characteristics of clinical features and histopathologic findings of the skin. As therapeutic trials, steroid intralesional injection, immunotherapy with levamisole, agd penicillamine were attempted.
Adolescent ; Arm ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Diagnosis ; Fingers ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Injections, Intralesional ; Levamisole ; Male ; Penicillamine ; Scleroderma, Localized* ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Fat

To observe the possibility of human visceral larva migrans due to eating of raw liver of domestic animals, especially of cattle, and also to serve as a good reference for adequate sanitary measures, the investigation survey was carried out from May 1975 to May 1976. From the subjects of a l,048 inhabitants (male 558, female 490) in five localities including two Provinces and three different cities, food habit was studied by questionnaire mannual. Larvae isolated from liver tissues of cattle, and pig were identified. Experimental observation on the chicken and mice infected with Toxocara canis was undertaken to draw a assumption of possibility inducing human visceral larva migrans. The results obtained from the present study are summarized. A part of Korean people has the habit to eat the livers of cattle, fowl, pig and dog raw. Eating rate of raw beef liver was 37.8 percent out of l,048 inhabitants, and its rate was higher markedly in male(57.7 percent) than in female (15. 1 percent), and the highest rate among the group of 31-40 years old. Eating rate of raw liver of fowl was 5.9 percent, pig 5.3 percent, and dog 2.5 percent. Larva recovery rate from beef liver was 11.8 percent out of 195 samples and 72.0 percent of total detected 1arvae were identified as Toxocara(=Neoascaris) vitulorum. From pig liver, larvae of nematoda were found in 6.4 percent out of 109 samples but no larva was detected from 120 fowl livers. Larvae detected from one-half of tissues and organs of infected chicken with about 2,000 Toxocara canis eggs were 8-245 in number, and 85-100 percent of recovered larvae were from their 1iver tissues. Toxocara canis larvae, 45, 31, 42 and 23 in number at 3rd, 14th, 25th and 55th day in one-half of the tissues and organs after infection respectively, were demonstrated from the mice infected with 500 larvae collected from infected chicken liver. Most of the larvae were recovered from the carcass of the mouse. It was approved the larvae isolated from chicken possess infectivity to the mice. Typical eosinophilic granulomatous change was not observed in the liver tissue of the infected chicken at 20th day after infection. As it summarized above, the liver of various domestic animals is the favorite tissue for migration of nematodes larvae. Therefore, the possibility of human visceral larva migrans may be induced due to eating of raw liver of domestic animals.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; visceral larva migrans ; Toxocara canis ; liver ; cattle ; fowl ; pig ; dog ; mouse ; chicken ; infectivity

BACKGROUND: The present study was carried out in association with neutrophilic respiratory burst in the lung in order to clarify the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) following acute severe hemorrhage. Because oxidative stress has been suggested as one of the principal factors causing tissue injury, the role of free radicals from neutrophils was assessed in acute hemorrhage-induced lung injury. METHOD: In Sprague-Dawley rats, hemorrhagic shock was induced by withdrawing blood(20 ml/kg of B.W) for 5 min and the hypotensive state was sustained for 60 min. To determine the mechanism and role of oxidative stress associated with phospholipase A2(PLA2) by neutrophils, the level of lung leakage, pulmonary myeloperoxidase(MPO), and the pulmonary PLA2 were measured. In addition, the production of free radicals was assessed in isolated neutrophils by cytochemical electron microscopy in the lung. RESULTS: In hypotensive shock-induced acute lung injury, the pulmonary MPO, the level of lung leakage and the production of free radicals were higher. The inhibition of PLA2 with mepacrine decreased the pulmonary MPO, level of lung leakage and the production of free radicals from neutrophils. CONCLUSION: A. neutrophilic respiratory burst is responsible for the oxidative stress causing acute lung injury followed by acute, severe hemorrhage. PLA2 activation is the principal cause of this oxidative stress.
Acute Lung Injury* ; Free Radicals ; Hemorrhage ; Lung ; Lung Injury ; Microscopy, Electron ; Neutrophils* ; Oxidative Stress ; Phospholipases A2* ; Phospholipases* ; Quinacrine ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Burst* ; Shock, Hemorrhagic

Apocrine gland carcinorna is a very rare cutaneous malignancy, By 1987, only about 35 cases are found in the literature. This lesion occurs predominantly in axillae of elderly individuals. It is a mostly asymtomatic nodule or cystic mass. We report herein a case of apocrine gland carcinoma in the right mammary area of 68-year-old male. Histopathological findings were characterized by a glandular arrangement of large cells with abundant. eosinophilic cytcplasm and evidence of decapitation secrtion. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells contained PAS-positive, diastase-resistant granules and lysozy ne. The patient was treated with wide superficial excision includirig t he enough marginal skin. After 20 months, large mass was cleveloped at. the same site and right axi lary lymph nodes were palpabled. Then we treated him by modified radical mastectomy with regional lymph node dissection.
Aged ; Apocrine Glands* ; Axilla ; Cytoplasm ; Decapitation ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Skin

Apocrine gland carcinorna is a very rare cutaneous malignancy, By 1987, only about 35 cases are found in the literature. This lesion occurs predominantly in axillae of elderly individuals. It is a mostly asymtomatic nodule or cystic mass. We report herein a case of apocrine gland carcinoma in the right mammary area of 68-year-old male. Histopathological findings were characterized by a glandular arrangement of large cells with abundant. eosinophilic cytcplasm and evidence of decapitation secrtion. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells contained PAS-positive, diastase-resistant granules and lysozy ne. The patient was treated with wide superficial excision includirig t he enough marginal skin. After 20 months, large mass was cleveloped at. the same site and right axi lary lymph nodes were palpabled. Then we treated him by modified radical mastectomy with regional lymph node dissection.
Aged ; Apocrine Glands* ; Axilla ; Cytoplasm ; Decapitation ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Skin

The Jinyang Lake is dammed up Nam River, and surrounded by Jinju city and four counties; Jinyang, Sanchong, Hadong, and Sachon in Kyongsang-Nam-Do, Korea. The area around this man-made lake have been known as an endemic focus of clonorchiasis in Korea. The present study was first aimed to know the distribution of freshwater mollusks including medically important snails, and larval trematodes shed from Parafossarulus manchouricus and Semisulcospira libertina. In addtion to above studies, water analyses in each snail habitat were carried out in order to figure out a part of their environmental factors. This malaco-ecological survey was done at the six areas around upper, middle and lower parts of the lake for 4 months, August-November, 1983. Total nine species of freshwater mollusks were collected throughout the study: 4 species of gastropods; Semisulcospira libertina, Cipangopaludina chinensis, Parafossarulus manchouricus and Radix auricularia, and 5 species of bivalves; Unio douglasiae, Anodonta woodiana, Lamprotula gottschei, Corbicula fluminea and Limnoperma lucustris. Out of nine species of freshwater mollusks, three species of gastropods; S. libertina, P. manchouricus and R. auricularia were medically important in terms of the transmission of digenetic trematodes to humans. P. manchouricus and R. auricularia were mainly collected from the shallow ponds and the irrigation channels with the muddy basin, but S. libertina and the bivalves were only collected from the stream of Nam river where the gravels and rocks were dominant. The levels of dissolved oxygen(D.O.) and biochemical oxygen demand (B.O.D.(5)) of the water specimens sampled from the study areas ranged from 6.0 to 9.6 ppm and from 0.4 to 1.6 ppm respectively. As a result, it is considered that water system around the Jinyang Lake might be relatively clean without any heavy pollution of aquatic microorganisms and organic materials during the period of this study. On the other hand, eight metalic constituents from the water samples were also assayed, and all metalic ions detected were remarkably low below the legal criteria. However, calcium ion in the water samples from the habitats of P. manchouricus was considerably higher than others. Infection rates of digenetic trematodes in the snails were 6.9 percent in P. manchouricus and 4.8 poercent in S. libertina, respectively. P. manchouricus snails harboring with the cercariae of Clonorchis sinensis were only 0.14 percent among the snails examined and other trematode cercariae except cercaria of C. sinensis were; furcocercus cercariae, cercaria of Loxogenes liberum type I and II. S. libertina snails parasitized with the cercariae of Metagonimus yokogawai were 1.5 percent out of the snails examined and no cercaria of Paragonimus westermani was found in S. libertina snails in the present study. Digenetic trematode cercariae other then M. yokogawai in S. libertina snails were: Cercaria yoshidae (B type), Cercaria cristata, Cercaria innominatum, Cercaria of Centrocestus formosanus and Cercaria nipponensis.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Loxogenes liberum ; Metagonimus yokogawai ; Centrocestus formosanus ; Cercaria cristata ; Cercaria innominatum ; Cercaria nipponensis ; epidemiology ; Parafossarulus manchouricus ; Semisulcospira libertina ; Radix auricularia