Granulosa cell tumor of the testis is extremly rare in adult males and granulosa cell tumor occurring in the paratesticular area has not been reported. We report a paratesticular granulosa cell tumor in a 34-year-old man who presented with a 5.5 cm sized scrotal mass. The tumor was present in the paratesticular area near the head of epididymis. It was located in the tunica and completely separated from the testis by thick fibrous tissue. Microscopically, the tumor exhibited solid, microfollicular, and trabecular patterns. The tumor cells had ovoid to elongated nuclei with longitudinal intranuclear grooves and one or two nucleoli and scanty cytoplasm. Mitoses were relatively frequent with an average number of 9/10 HPFs. The tumor extended into the visceral tunica vaginalis and showed multiple lymphatic tumor emboli. Immunohisto chemical stains revealed diffuse strong positivity for inhibin, vimentin, and keratin and diffuse weak positivity for estrogen and progesteron receptor. Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) were negative. On electron microscopic examination, tumor cells were polygonal and had large indented nuclei. The cytoplasm contained a moderate number of small round mitochondria, abundant rough and smooth endoplasmic reticula, and a few lipid droplets. Small aggregates of intermediate filaments and intercellular junctions were observed. The patient was alive and well 5 months after orchiectomy. This is the first case of adult granulosa cell tumor arising in the paratesticular area.
Adult ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Coloring Agents ; Cytoplasm ; Epididymis ; Estrogens ; Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor* ; Granulosa Cells* ; Head ; Humans ; Inhibins ; Intercellular Junctions ; Intermediate Filaments ; Male ; Mitochondria ; Mitosis ; Mucin-1 ; Orchiectomy ; Testis ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is known to increase blood flow to the innervations area of the stellate ganglion. Near infrared spectroscopy reflects an increased blood volume and allows continuous, non-invasive, and bedside monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2). We investigated the influence of SGB on bilateral cerebral oxygenation using a near infrared spectroscopy. METHODS: SGB was performed on 30 patients with 1% lidocaine 10 ml using a paratracheal technique at the C6 level and confirmed by the presence of Horner's syndrome. The blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and rSO2 were measured before SGB and 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after SGB. Tympanic temperature of each ear was measured prior to SGB and 20 minutes after SGB. RESULTS: The increments of the rSO2 on the block side from the baseline were statistically significant at 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. The rSO2 on the non-block side compared with the baseline, however, decreased at 15 and 20 minutes. The difference between the block and the non-block sides was significant at 15 and 20 minutes. The BP at 10, 15 and 20 minutes was increased and the HR was increased at 10 and 15 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: We observed an increment of the rSO2 on the block side from the baseline; however, the rSO2 on the non-block side decreased.
Blood Pressure ; Blood Volume ; Ear ; Heart Rate ; Horner Syndrome ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Oxygen ; Spectrum Analysis ; Stellate Ganglion

Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis (PNGD) is an uncommon skin eruption associated with immune-mediated connective tissue diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and Behcet's disease. This condition is also described as Winkelmann's granuloma, linear subcutaneous bands, rheumatoid papules, rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis, interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with cutaneous cords and arthritis, or Churg-Strauss disease. PNGD shows variable clinical manifestations and is characterized histopathologically by step pattern of early leukocytoclastic vasculititis, progressing to form palisaded granulomatous inflammation, and surrounding zones of necrobiosis in the later stages. We report a 66-year-old woman with multiple skin nodules, who had concomitant rheumatoid arthritis. Histopathologic findings revealed palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis.
Aged ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Dermatitis ; Female ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Necrobiotic Disorders ; Neutrophils ; Skin

Erythema nodosum has been known to be frequently associated with some kind of drug, infections with streptococci, mycobacteria, lymphogranuloma venerum and certain unknown pathogenic processes such as sarcoidosis, iilcerative colitis and regional enteritis. However, the association of erythema nodosum with leukemia has rarely been reported. Erythema nodosum with leukemia has been divided into leukemia cutis with specific infiltration of atypical leukemic cells and leukemid with non specific infiltration of normal infilammatory cells. We report herein a case of the very rare but typical erythema nodesum showing nonspecific infiltrative panniculitis as an initial manifestation of chronic myelocytic leukemia.
Colitis ; Crohn Disease ; Erythema Nodosum* ; Erythema* ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive* ; Panniculitis ; Sarcoidosis

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is an uncommon dermal angioproliferating tumor, characterized by red to brown papules or nodules on the head and neck, though also occurring in the mouth, trunk, extremities and inguinal area. The palm is a very unusual site for ALHE, and there have been very few cases reported globally thus far. ALHE can be pruritic and painful and histopathologic findings show vascular proliferation with infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the dermis. Plump endothelial cells protrude into the lumen. We report a case of ALHE occurring at an unusual site, the right palm, in a 62-year-old man, who had suffered from a solitary pinkish-colored, central depressed round hyperkeratotic plaque on his palm for 4 years. On the basis of clinical and histopathologic data, a diagnosis of ALHE was made. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ALHE on the palm in Korean dermatologic literature.
Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia ; Dermis ; Endothelial Cells ; Eosinophils ; Extremities ; Head ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Neck

Background: The highly lipid soluble opioid, fentanyl, has a rapid onset and short duration of action. The present study was designed to examine the analgesic efficacy and side effects of the combination of fentanyl with morphine in patients using intravenous PCA. Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three PCA regimens: M4 group (40 mg morphine+90 mg ketorolac+1.5 mg dorperidol), M2F2 group (20 mg morphine+200 ug fentanyl+90 mg ketorolac+1.5 mg dorperidol), or M2F4 group (20 mg morphine+400 ug fentanyl+90 mg ketorolac+1.5 mg dorperidol). All patients were given initial loading dose of 0.1 mg/kg morphine plus 1 mg droperidol at the end of surgery. Pain score, side effects, and overall satisfaction were assessed at 30 min, 1 hr, 8 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr postoperatively. Results: The pain score was significantly higher in the M2F2 group than in the M4 group and M2F4 group during 1 hr and 8 hr postoperatively. The total opioid consumption was significantly greater in the M2F4 group than in the M4 group. Patient satisfaction was better in the M2F4 than other two groups. There were no differences in the overall incidence of side effects among three groups. Conclusions: The present results suggest that the combination of fentanyl with morphine for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia is a useful method, and the double dose of fentanyl in comparison with the equipotent morphine dose is recommended in the early postoperative period.
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled* ; Droperidol ; Fentanyl* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Morphine* ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Patient Satisfaction ; Postoperative Period

Background : Atopic dermatitis(AD) is a common disease, and population-based studies indicate that the frequency of AD has increased substantially during recent decades. However, there have been few studies on the hospital based relative frequency, and clinical and laborat,ory findings of AD in Korea. OBJECTIVE: The presenl study was aimed to elucidate the relative frequency of AD on the outpatient base, and to investigate the clinical manifestations and immunological laboratory findings. METHODS: Our study was designed by analysing outpatients with AD via physical examination, questionnaires and immunological investigations such as skin prick tests, Multi test CMI, and measurernent of eosinophil counts, total IgE, Derrnatophagoides pteronyssinus-specific IgE and eosinophil cationic protein(ECP). RESULTS: The results were as follows : 1. The relat,ive frequen:y of AD on the hospital base in 1995-1996 was 8.6%. 2. The mean age of onset was 3.36 years. 57.3% of the patients had their onset of eczema by the age of 1 year, 65.5% by 2 years and 83% by 5 years. The most common site at the onset was the face followed by antecubital area, popliteal area, neck, and trunk. 3. The predilection site on physical examination were the face, neck, antecubit,al area, popliteal area and trunk in decreesing order. 4. Concomitant allergic rhinitis, keratoconjunctivitis and asthma were present in 2~3.4%, 14.1%, and 9.5% of patients with AD, respect.ively, whereas pure AD was present in 34.1%. 5. Family history of atopy was observed in 60.5% of AD patient.s. 6. The most frequent ninor fea~ture of AD was xerosis followed by perifollicular accentuation, allergic shiner, cheilitis, imitation allergy, palrnar hyperlinearity and molluscum cantagiosum. 7. Seasonal aggravation was found in 86.8% of patients with AD, especially in summer and winter, The rnost significant aggravating factors were wools followed by sweating, heating, dryness, excessive bat.hing and emotional stress. 8. Abnormal levels of .osinophils, total IgE and ECP were seen in 44.8%, 78.9% and 31.7% Of patients with AD, respec.ively. 9. Cell mediated immunty was decreased in 68.2% of patients with AD. 10. Positive reactivity( at least rnore than one allergen) in the skin prick t,est was noted in 76% of pat,ients with AD and the most popular 8 allergens were D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae, cat fur, M4 mixed threshing dust., dog hair, mugwort pollen, H3 tree pollen and birch pollen. 11. The specific IgE aritibodies to D. pteronyssinus(>+1) were found in 72.3% of AD patients and correlated with the r esults of the skin prick test in 76%. CONCLUSION: The hospi al-based relative frequency of AD investigated in our study tends to be increased. As the clinica features and laboratory findings of AD might be influenced by genetic, environrnental and psychological factors, the systernic evaluation of patients with AD will be needed.
Age of Onset ; Allergens ; Animals ; Artemisia ; Asthma ; Betula ; Cats ; Cheilitis ; Cyprinidae ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Dogs ; Dust ; Eczema ; Eosinophils ; Hair ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Keratoconjunctivitis ; Korea ; Neck ; Outpatients ; Physical Examination ; Pollen ; Psychology ; Rhinitis ; Seasons ; Skin ; Stress, Psychological ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Wool ; Surveys and Questionnaires

This study was undertaken at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonnam University Medical School, to investigate the association between some of the risk factor and the incidence of intrauterine fetal growth restriction(IUGR). The studied population was selected from patients who admitted at Chonnam University Hospital during January, 1992 through May, 1997, with following criteria, Korean, singletone pregnancy with live birth and known gestational weeks with 28 or more. And then, the risk factors were analyzed in terms of maternal factor, placental factor, and fetal factor. The following results were obtained. 1) The incidence of IUGR was 6.1%. 2) The incidence of IUGR was higher at young aged mother and nullipara. 3) Only 39.1% of etiologic factors for IUGR was found to have known causes. According to the risk factors for IUGR, hypertensive disorder during pregnancy, anemia, cardiac disease, leukemia, and pulmonary tuberculosis were associated with increased incidence of IUGR. 4) The relative risk of IUGR was much higher in neonates born with congenital anomalies. 5) According to the placental causes of IUGR, placenta previa and placenta abruption showed some association with IUGR.
Anemia ; Fetal Development* ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Gynecology ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Jeollanam-do ; Leukemia ; Live Birth ; Mothers ; Obstetrics ; Placenta ; Placenta Previa ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors ; Schools, Medical ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of CT and MR imagings in the diagnosis aortic dissection and differentiation between the true and false lumen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied forty patients with aortic dissection(AD) diagnosed imagings or surgery. Of the forty patients, 19 were examined with only CT, 14 with CT and MR, and 7 with MI~: Our points of view were(1) the classification of AD according to configuration of intimal flap by cross-sectional imaging, (2) differentiation between the true and false lumens, (3) the course of the false lumen, and (4)! detectability of the origin of major branch vessels of the abdominal aorta. RESULTS: The classification by corss-sectional imaging were crescentic(65%), circumferential(15%), flat(12%), and irregular(8%) type, in which false negative diagnosis was made in 1 case of crescentic and circumferential type, respectively. In 2 case of flat type and 1 case of irregular type, the differentiation between the true and false lumen was impossible with CT. The course of the false lumen in descending thoracic aorta revealed countrclock wise rotation(66%), clockwise rotation(5%) or fixed(29%) apperance. MR imaging was superior to CT in the detection of the origin of major branch vessels of the abdominal aorta. The determination of the origin of major branches of abdominal aorta arising from the true and false lumen were impossible in 2 cases in which only CT was done. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of crescentic and circumferential types of AD with narrow and thrombosed false lumen was problematic in both CT and MR with no difference of diagnostic accuracy between the two modalities. The differentiation between the true and false lumen was difficult in flat and irregular types with only CT. Therefore, when surgical treatment is considered as in type B aortic dissection, MR imaging is recommended in order to determine the origin of major branch vessels.
Aorta, Abdominal ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Classification ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies

Fibrous histiocytomas are characterized by a variable combination of cells with fibroblastic and histiocytic features. They exhibit a distinctive but inconstant cellular arrangement referred to as a storiform or cartwheel pattern. Considerable corfusion has enveloped these tumors as a result of their various terminology-fibrous histiocytoma, dermatofibroma, sclerosing hemangioma, fibroxanthoma, subepidermal nodular fibrosis, xanthogranuloma, giant cell tumor of tendon sheath. A histologically benign but locally infiltrating, 15 * 20cm sized, fibrous histiocytoma was found in the posterior aspect of left thigh of a 17-year-old man. The tumor was incompletely excised due to adhesion of the tumor mass to sciatic nerve and then radiation therpy was combined, Histogenesis and prognostic aspects of the tumor are discussed.
Adolescent ; Fibroblasts ; Fibrosis ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Histiocytoma ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous* ; Humans ; Sciatic Nerve ; Tendons ; Thigh