Granulosa cell tumor of the testis is extremly rare in adult males and granulosa cell tumor occurring in the paratesticular area has not been reported. We report a paratesticular granulosa cell tumor in a 34-year-old man who presented with a 5.5 cm sized scrotal mass. The tumor was present in the paratesticular area near the head of epididymis. It was located in the tunica and completely separated from the testis by thick fibrous tissue. Microscopically, the tumor exhibited solid, microfollicular, and trabecular patterns. The tumor cells had ovoid to elongated nuclei with longitudinal intranuclear grooves and one or two nucleoli and scanty cytoplasm. Mitoses were relatively frequent with an average number of 9/10 HPFs. The tumor extended into the visceral tunica vaginalis and showed multiple lymphatic tumor emboli. Immunohisto chemical stains revealed diffuse strong positivity for inhibin, vimentin, and keratin and diffuse weak positivity for estrogen and progesteron receptor. Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) were negative. On electron microscopic examination, tumor cells were polygonal and had large indented nuclei. The cytoplasm contained a moderate number of small round mitochondria, abundant rough and smooth endoplasmic reticula, and a few lipid droplets. Small aggregates of intermediate filaments and intercellular junctions were observed. The patient was alive and well 5 months after orchiectomy. This is the first case of adult granulosa cell tumor arising in the paratesticular area.
Adult ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Coloring Agents ; Cytoplasm ; Epididymis ; Estrogens ; Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor* ; Granulosa Cells* ; Head ; Humans ; Inhibins ; Intercellular Junctions ; Intermediate Filaments ; Male ; Mitochondria ; Mitosis ; Mucin-1 ; Orchiectomy ; Testis ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is known to increase blood flow to the innervations area of the stellate ganglion. Near infrared spectroscopy reflects an increased blood volume and allows continuous, non-invasive, and bedside monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2). We investigated the influence of SGB on bilateral cerebral oxygenation using a near infrared spectroscopy. METHODS: SGB was performed on 30 patients with 1% lidocaine 10 ml using a paratracheal technique at the C6 level and confirmed by the presence of Horner's syndrome. The blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and rSO2 were measured before SGB and 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after SGB. Tympanic temperature of each ear was measured prior to SGB and 20 minutes after SGB. RESULTS: The increments of the rSO2 on the block side from the baseline were statistically significant at 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. The rSO2 on the non-block side compared with the baseline, however, decreased at 15 and 20 minutes. The difference between the block and the non-block sides was significant at 15 and 20 minutes. The BP at 10, 15 and 20 minutes was increased and the HR was increased at 10 and 15 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: We observed an increment of the rSO2 on the block side from the baseline; however, the rSO2 on the non-block side decreased.
Blood Pressure ; Blood Volume ; Ear ; Heart Rate ; Horner Syndrome ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Oxygen ; Spectrum Analysis ; Stellate Ganglion

Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis (PNGD) is an uncommon skin eruption associated with immune-mediated connective tissue diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and Behcet's disease. This condition is also described as Winkelmann's granuloma, linear subcutaneous bands, rheumatoid papules, rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis, interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with cutaneous cords and arthritis, or Churg-Strauss disease. PNGD shows variable clinical manifestations and is characterized histopathologically by step pattern of early leukocytoclastic vasculititis, progressing to form palisaded granulomatous inflammation, and surrounding zones of necrobiosis in the later stages. We report a 66-year-old woman with multiple skin nodules, who had concomitant rheumatoid arthritis. Histopathologic findings revealed palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis.
Aged ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Dermatitis ; Female ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Necrobiotic Disorders ; Neutrophils ; Skin

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is an uncommon dermal angioproliferating tumor, characterized by red to brown papules or nodules on the head and neck, though also occurring in the mouth, trunk, extremities and inguinal area. The palm is a very unusual site for ALHE, and there have been very few cases reported globally thus far. ALHE can be pruritic and painful and histopathologic findings show vascular proliferation with infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the dermis. Plump endothelial cells protrude into the lumen. We report a case of ALHE occurring at an unusual site, the right palm, in a 62-year-old man, who had suffered from a solitary pinkish-colored, central depressed round hyperkeratotic plaque on his palm for 4 years. On the basis of clinical and histopathologic data, a diagnosis of ALHE was made. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ALHE on the palm in Korean dermatologic literature.
Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia ; Dermis ; Endothelial Cells ; Eosinophils ; Extremities ; Head ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Neck

Erythema nodosum has been known to be frequently associated with some kind of drug, infections with streptococci, mycobacteria, lymphogranuloma venerum and certain unknown pathogenic processes such as sarcoidosis, iilcerative colitis and regional enteritis. However, the association of erythema nodosum with leukemia has rarely been reported. Erythema nodosum with leukemia has been divided into leukemia cutis with specific infiltration of atypical leukemic cells and leukemid with non specific infiltration of normal infilammatory cells. We report herein a case of the very rare but typical erythema nodesum showing nonspecific infiltrative panniculitis as an initial manifestation of chronic myelocytic leukemia.
Colitis ; Crohn Disease ; Erythema Nodosum* ; Erythema* ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive* ; Panniculitis ; Sarcoidosis

Background: The highly lipid soluble opioid, fentanyl, has a rapid onset and short duration of action. The present study was designed to examine the analgesic efficacy and side effects of the combination of fentanyl with morphine in patients using intravenous PCA. Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three PCA regimens: M4 group (40 mg morphine+90 mg ketorolac+1.5 mg dorperidol), M2F2 group (20 mg morphine+200 ug fentanyl+90 mg ketorolac+1.5 mg dorperidol), or M2F4 group (20 mg morphine+400 ug fentanyl+90 mg ketorolac+1.5 mg dorperidol). All patients were given initial loading dose of 0.1 mg/kg morphine plus 1 mg droperidol at the end of surgery. Pain score, side effects, and overall satisfaction were assessed at 30 min, 1 hr, 8 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr postoperatively. Results: The pain score was significantly higher in the M2F2 group than in the M4 group and M2F4 group during 1 hr and 8 hr postoperatively. The total opioid consumption was significantly greater in the M2F4 group than in the M4 group. Patient satisfaction was better in the M2F4 than other two groups. There were no differences in the overall incidence of side effects among three groups. Conclusions: The present results suggest that the combination of fentanyl with morphine for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia is a useful method, and the double dose of fentanyl in comparison with the equipotent morphine dose is recommended in the early postoperative period.
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled* ; Droperidol ; Fentanyl* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Morphine* ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Patient Satisfaction ; Postoperative Period

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of CT and MR imagings in the diagnosis aortic dissection and differentiation between the true and false lumen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied forty patients with aortic dissection(AD) diagnosed imagings or surgery. Of the forty patients, 19 were examined with only CT, 14 with CT and MR, and 7 with MI~: Our points of view were(1) the classification of AD according to configuration of intimal flap by cross-sectional imaging, (2) differentiation between the true and false lumens, (3) the course of the false lumen, and (4)! detectability of the origin of major branch vessels of the abdominal aorta. RESULTS: The classification by corss-sectional imaging were crescentic(65%), circumferential(15%), flat(12%), and irregular(8%) type, in which false negative diagnosis was made in 1 case of crescentic and circumferential type, respectively. In 2 case of flat type and 1 case of irregular type, the differentiation between the true and false lumen was impossible with CT. The course of the false lumen in descending thoracic aorta revealed countrclock wise rotation(66%), clockwise rotation(5%) or fixed(29%) apperance. MR imaging was superior to CT in the detection of the origin of major branch vessels of the abdominal aorta. The determination of the origin of major branches of abdominal aorta arising from the true and false lumen were impossible in 2 cases in which only CT was done. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of crescentic and circumferential types of AD with narrow and thrombosed false lumen was problematic in both CT and MR with no difference of diagnostic accuracy between the two modalities. The differentiation between the true and false lumen was difficult in flat and irregular types with only CT. Therefore, when surgical treatment is considered as in type B aortic dissection, MR imaging is recommended in order to determine the origin of major branch vessels.
Aorta, Abdominal ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Classification ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies

Juvenile spring eruption(JSE) of the ears is an unusual type of photodermatosis, which develops on the light exposed areas of the ears of boys and young male adults in the early spring months. JSE has received little attention in the literature, and to our knowledge no cases have been reported in Korea until now. Herein we report a case of JSE occurring in a 17-year-old man who has suffered from a recurrent pruritic erythematous papulovesicular eruption of both helix, followed by crusting and healing without scarring within one to two months early each spring for six years.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Cicatrix ; Ear* ; Humans ; Korea ; Male

We investigated the optimal culture conditions for Cryptosporidium muris in a human stomach adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell line by determining the effects of medium pH and of selected supplements on the development of C. muris. The optimum pH of the culture medium required for the development of C. muris was determined to be 6.6. The number of parasites significantly increased during cultivation for 72 hr (p < 0.05) at this level. On the other hand, numbers decreased linearly after 24 hr of incubation at pH 7.5. When cultured in different concentrations of serum, C. muris in media containing 5% FBS induced 4-7 times more parasites than in 1% or 10% serum. Of the six medium supplements examined, only 1 mM pyruvate enhanced the number of C. muris in vitro. Transmission electron microscopic observation showed the developmental stages of C. muris in the cytoplasm of the cells, not in an extracytoplasmic location. The growth of C. muris in AGS cells provides a means of investigating its biological characteristics and of testing its response to therapeutic agents. However, a more optimized culture system is needed for the recovery of oocysts on a large scale in vitro.
Adenocarcinoma ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cryptosporidium/*growth & development ; Culture Media ; Human ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Stomach/*parasitology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

It is known in general that neoplasms of smooth mucsle appear very rarely in the oral region, probaly because in the oral region with histopathologic investigations have been reported. This report presents an unusual case of angioleiomyoma that developed on the lower lip of a 48-year the course of one year and the immunohistochemical findings of the angioleiomyyoma are described.
Angiomyoma* ; Lip*