A case of mucous gland adenoma arising from the main bronchus of the middle lobe of the right lung is reported, with review of related literatures. The patient, a 12 year-old Korean male, was admitted to Pusan National University Hospital with complaints of progressive coughing and dyspnea. Roentgenographic studies revealed a well defined mass involving the right middle lobe of the lung. With the impression of benign tumor, right middle lobectomy was performed. The gross specimen revealed a polypoid mass involving the main bronchus, measuring 4.5x 3.7 x 2.5cm. The cut surface of the mass revealed yellow-gray myxoid tissue. Histologically, the mass consisted of glandular structures filled with mucus, which proved to be acid one on histochemical study. The glandular lining was made up of a single layer of berign mucous cells, many of them being flattened.
Adenoma

The cryopathic hemolytic anemia is an autoimmune hemolytic anemia induced by cold antibody. Authors report a case of cryopathic hemolytic anemia confirmed by immunohematologic examination. A 22-year-old man was admitted at Kyung Hee Medical Center in March, 1994, with a past history of Kleinerfelter's syndrome and complained jaundice as well as dizziness. Direct antiglobulin test using polyvalent and anti-C3d monovalent antisera was positive, but was negative against anti-IgG, anti-IgA, and anti-IgM monovalent antisera. Cold agglutinin titer was as high as 1:1024 at 4 degrees C and anti-I specificity was confirmed by using cord bloods. The patient was not improved despite transfusion of washed red cells and administration of prednisolone, and on 16th day of hospitalization he manifested sudden episode of headache and loss of conscioussness, soon followed by death.
Anemia, Hemolytic* ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; Coombs Test ; Dizziness ; Fetal Blood ; Headache ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Jaundice ; Prednisolone ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Animals ; Liver* ; Rats*

Image-guided localized, water-suppressed in vivo 1H MR spectroscopic studies were performed on the brain tumors in 3 patients. In all 3 patients, in vivo 1H MR spectra in brain neoplastic tissues revealed that the signal intensities of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) choline (Cho) resonances were decreased and increased, respectively, comparing with healthy normal tissue. A distinct lactate signal was identified in all three patients. A ratio that the observed metabolite alterations from localized, water-suppressed in vivo 1H MR spectroscopy can be useful as an index of brain tumors, and that the technique is clinically to highlight as one promising modalities in brain tumors for more accurate diagnosis.
Brain Neoplasms* ; Brain* ; Choline ; Diagnosis ; Humans* ; Lactic Acid ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Liver* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Mediastinum* ; Neuroblastoma*

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation* ; Pancreatitis*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the spatial distribution of various proton metabolites in the human brain with use of water-suppressed in vivo 1H MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) technique MATERIALS AND METHODS: All of water-suppressed in vivo 1H MRSI were performed on 1.5 T whole-body MRI/MRS system using Stimulated Echo Acquisition Method (STEAM) Chemical shift Imaging (CSI) pulse sequence. T1 -weighted MR images were used for CSl Field Of View (FOV; 24 cm). Voxel size of 1.S cm3 was designated from the periphery of the brain which was divided by 1024 x 16 x 16data points. RESULTS: Metabolite images of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine/phosphocreatine (Cr) + choline/phosphocholine (Cho), and complex of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) -I- glutamate (Glu) were obtained on the human brain. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary study suggests that in vivo 1H MRSl could provide the metabolite imaging to compensate for hypermetabolism on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans on the basis of the metabolic informations on brain tissues. The unique ability of in vivo 1H MRSI to offer noninvasive informations about tissue biochemistry in disease states will stimulate on clinical research and disease diagnosis.
Biochemistry ; Brain* ; Diagnosis ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; Glutamic Acid ; Humans* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Protons

Intravascular injection of hydrogen peroxide produces oxygen microbubbles suitable for echocardiographic contrast enhancement. To evaluate the effect of a method of myocardial contrast 2-D-echocardiographic delineation of myocardium during acute coronary occlusion, injection of a fresh mixture of 2ml of 0.2% H2O2 and 1ml of heparinized dog blood into aortic root were made in 12 poenchest dogs 10 minutes after occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery distal to the first diagonal branch and left ventricular short axis 2-D echocardiographic images at the midpapillary muscle level were obtained. On injection of H2O2 blood mixture normally perfused myocardium was enhanced in echodensity but the area of malperfusion did not change in echodensity. The borderlines between the area of normal perfusion and malperfusion was well delineated. The malperfused area measured at mid papillary muscle level by planimetry area method was 29.7+/-6.0% and 32.6+/-6.7% by endocardial circumferential length method. There was a linear correlation between planimetric estimate of area of malperfusion by H2O2 contrast echocardiography and visual determination of regional wall motion abnormality by 2-D echocardiography(r=0.93, P<0.001). There was no change in heart rate before, during and after H2O2 injection. Infection of H2O2 blood mixture caused bradycardia(8.3%), second degree A-V block(16.6%) and ventricular fibrillation(8.3%). H2O2 clearance was achieved in 3-10 minutes. These findigs suggest that H2O2 enhanced myocardial contrast ehocargiography using 2ml of 0.2% H2O2 and 1ml of blood muxture is an accurate, reproducible, real-time in vivo method of quantifying the extent of myocardial perfusion defect during acute coronary occlusion in dog.
Animals ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Coronary Occlusion ; Coronary Vessels ; Dogs* ; Echocardiography* ; Heart Rate ; Heparin ; Hydrogen Peroxide* ; Hydrogen* ; Microbubbles ; Myocardium ; Oxygen ; Papillary Muscles ; Perfusion*

PURPOSE: A common finding of carotid artery on magnetic resonance angiograms(MRAs) is a signal dropout along the posterior wall of carotid bulb due to reverse flow. The purpose of this study is to evaluate variable flow patterns on bifurcated carotid arterial phantoms using steady-state flow. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We designed phantoms of a bifurcated carotid artery with acrylic materials. Flow patterns were evaluated with axial and coronal imaging of MRA(2D-TOF, 3D-TOF), color Doppler imaging, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) within the phantoms constructed of an automated closed-type circulatory system filled with 4% sugar solution. These findings were compared with findings obtained from normal volunteers. RESULTS: Axial 3D-TOF MRA images exhibited closer resemblance to the contour of the inner wall of phantoms when compared to coronal 2D-TOF MRA imaging. However, 2D-TOF MRA showed good contrast difference of signal intensities between forward flow area and reverse flow area. Dark zones with reduced signal intensities due to reversed flow were separated from the outer wall of the internal and external carotid arteries by a thin layer of forward flow along the wall on the source slice image of MRA. The general hemodynamics of the phantoms on MRA were identical to hemodynamics on color Doppler imaging and CFD. The results obtained with the phantoms matched the findings on normal volunteers. CONCLUSION: Although representations of bifurcated carotid arterial phantoms on axial 3D-TOF MRA were excellent if ideally desinged, the zone of reversed flow could be a significant factor in creating distorted image when the zone of reversed flow contacted directly with curved or deformed arterial wall.
Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Artery, External ; Healthy Volunteers ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hydrodynamics ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography* ; Patient Dropouts