Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the clinical outcomes of venous thromboembolism (VTE) patients and identify the risk factors for VTE-related unfavorable outcomes, major bleeding, and 30-day all-cause mortality. Materials and Methods: From January 2016 to December 2020, 198 patients with confirmed VTE were enrolled. Potential risk factors for unfavorable outcomes, major bleeding, and all-cause mortality were analyzed. Results: VTE-related unfavorable outcomes developed in 13.1%, while 30-day all-cause mortality was 8.6%. In the multivariate analysis, a pulse ≥110/min and respiratory rate ≥30/min were statistically significant predictors for VTE-related unfavorable outcomes. Diabetes was a significant risk factor for major bleeding. In addition, a history of malignancy, no anticoagulation treatment, and need for mechanical ventilation were significant predictors of all-cause mortality. Conclusion VTE-related mortality and morbidity rates remained high. In cases of tachycardia and tachypnea, early aggressive treatment is needed to prevent unfavorable outcomes. Patients with risk factors should be closely monitored.

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Fluorouracil* ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Crohn's disease is a rare inflammatory bowel disease in Korea which requires a differential diagnosis with intestinal tuberculosis. In the early stages of Crohn's diseaae, the combiation of bowel wall edema and spasm produces intermittent obstructive manifestations, so the usual subjective symptoms were appeared long standing diarrhea, low grade fever and abdominal pain and distension. We recently experienced a case of Crohn's colitis with repeated bowel obstruction in female adult who underwent surgical resection.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Colitis ; Crohn Disease* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; Edema ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Korea ; Spasm ; Tuberculosis

Crohn's disease is a rare inflammatory bowel disease in Korea which requires a differential diagnosis with intestinal tuberculosis. In the early stages of Crohn's diseaae, the combiation of bowel wall edema and spasm produces intermittent obstructive manifestations, so the usual subjective symptoms were appeared long standing diarrhea, low grade fever and abdominal pain and distension. We recently experienced a case of Crohn's colitis with repeated bowel obstruction in female adult who underwent surgical resection.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Colitis ; Crohn Disease* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; Edema ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Korea ; Spasm ; Tuberculosis

Branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome is a clinically heterogeneous autosomal dominant form of syndromic hearing loss characterized by variable hearing impairment, malformations of the pinnae, the presence of branchial arch remnants, and various renal abnormalities. BOR syndrome is caused by mutations in EYA1 and SIX1, which are critical to organogenesis and are expressed together in developing otic, branchial, and renal tissue. Branchio-otic (BO) syndrome comprises branchial fistulas and preauricular pits, but lacks renal anomalies. We present a case of BO syndrome in 30year-old man with a review of the literature.
Branchial Region ; Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome ; Branchioma ; Fistula ; Hearing Loss ; Organogenesis

Congenital anomalies of ossicle in the middle ear are rare and could appear in various forms. The most common congenital isolated ossicular anomalies are stapes fixation and incudostapedial discontinuity, with isolated congenital stapes fixation representing about one third of ossicular malformations. We present a rare case of monocrural anomaly of unilateral stapes in a 36-year-old woman with nonprogressive conductive hearing loss. During explotympanotomy, the lateral half of the suprastructure of anomalous stapes was removed and sculptured total ossicular replacement prosthesis was fitted between the long process of incus and remained stapes. Postoperative pure tone audiogram showed a significant decrease in air-bone gap. We report this case with a review of literature.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear, Middle ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Conductive ; Humans ; Incus ; Ossicular Prosthesis ; Stapes

The angiomyoma or vascular leiomyoma is an uncommon type of leiomyoma composed of smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelium. The tumor occurs mostly in the lower extremities as a slowly growing, firm and mobile mass, occasionally accompanied by pain. There are few cases of auricular angiomyoma reported in the literature; however, recently, we experienced a case of a 18-year-old man with protruding auricular mass. We performed a surgical excision and the final pathological result confirmed to angiomyoma. We report this case with a review of the related literatures.
Adolescent ; Angiomyoma* ; Ear Auricle ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; Lower Extremity ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of etidronate disodium on bone and soft tissue, especially on bone mineral density, and mucosal changes of the aorta and esophagus. METHOD: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 separate groups: one with etidronate disodium and one without etidronate disodium. Bone mineral density (BMD) in lumbar vertebrae, femur, and a simple X-ray of the whole body were obtained. The abdominal aorta and esophagus were assessed histopathologically in post treatment. RESULTS: In post treatment for 12 weeks, the extent of decrease in BMD of the group with etidronate disodium was less than that of the group without etidronate disodium (p<0.05). There was no evidence of aorta and heart valve calcification in the simple X-ray, nor was there intima-media thickening, atheroma formation and calcification in aorta and esophageal irritation findings in pathologic examinations in both groups. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that etidronate disodium had an inhibitory effect on bone mineral loss and had the esophageal tolerability and safety, but no difference in aorta calcification and antiarthrogenic effects, including aorta wall thickness in this study.
Aorta ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Bone Density ; Esophagus ; Etidronic Acid* ; Femur ; Heart Valves ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Purpose: In patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) improve response rate and survival. However, most patients eventually develop resistance. This study aimed to identify the role of CD73 in EGFR-mutant NSCLC and explore whether CD73 inhibition may serve as a therapeutic strategy in NSCLC patients with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the prognostic role of CD73 expression in EGFR-mutant NSCLC using tumor samples from a single institution. We silenced CD73 in EGFR-TKI–resistant cell lines using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting CD73 and also transfected a vector alone as a negative control. Using these cell lines, cell proliferation and viability assays, immunoblot assays, cell cycle analysis, colony-forming assays, flow cytometry, and apoptosis analysis were performed. Results: High expression of CD73 was associated with shorter survival in patients with metastatic EGFR-mutant NSCLC treated with first-generation EGFR-TKI. CD73 inhibition synergistically inhibited cell viability with first-generation EGFR-TKI treatment compared with the negative control. When CD73 inhibition and EGFR-TKI treatment were combined, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest was induced through the regulation of p21 and cyclin D1. In addition, the apoptosis rate was increased in CD73 shRNA-transfected cells treated with EGFR-TKI. Conclusion High expression of CD73 adversely affects the survival of patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC. The study demonstrated that inhibiting CD73 in EGFR-TKI–resistant cell lines resulted in increased apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, which overcame the acquired resistance to first-generation EGFR-TKIs. Further research is needed to determine whether blocking CD73 plays a therapeutic role in EGFR-TKI–resistant patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC.