To knew the prevalence and nature of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in a community. we evaluated 13,678 cases(M; 12.198 cases, F; 1,480 cases) that visited to the Department of Health Service. Kang Nam General Hospital from April to October, 1992 for annual physical examination. For the detection of hematuria urine dipstick test was done. and then urine microscopy was done in cases with positive dipstick test (262 cases). Hematuria was defined as 3 or more RBCs/HPF on microscopic examination of the urinary sediment(189 cases). Repeated urinalysis was done in cases with 3-4 RBCs/HPF (30 cases). And in cases with 5 or more RBCs/HPF on urine microscopy, excretory urography(105 cases) was primarily checked and in addition, renal ultrasonography. cystoscopy. RGP. urine culture. urine cytology. serum IgA, C3. C4 were performed for investigation ofThe results were as follows: I. Prevalence of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria was 1.38% and significantly increased with age (p<0.01). 2. Urologic abnormalities associated with hematuria were identified in 23 cases (21.9 %)-6 cases of renal stone. 4 cases of BPH. 4 cases of UPJ stricture, 3 cases or cystitis, 2 cases of ureteral stone. 1 case or ureteral stricture. nephroptosis. renal cyst. renal tuberculosis. S. In 82 cases, urologic abnormalities could not be found and then serum IgA. C3 C4 checked in 36 cases among these. IgA was increased in 21 cases (58.3%). From the above result. the causes of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in adults could not be found in 78.1% and serious urologic diseases tumor and so on) were almost not found. We conclude that in order to obtain the detection of accurate prevalence and various urologic diseases. repeatedurine dipstick test and long-term followup in larger populations would be needed, and that screening test for the evaluation of hematuria would consist of performing excretory urography only in relative young adults and excretory urography with selective urine cytology after age 50 years.
Adult* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Cystitis ; Cystoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Services ; Hematuria* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Mass Screening ; Microscopy ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence* ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Ultrasonography ; Ureter ; Urinalysis ; Urography ; Urologic Diseases ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is a well known cause of non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). No other microorganism has been shown to cause any larger proportion of the remaining NGU cases. As a possible causative organism of NGU, we wanted to evaluate the detection rate of Mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) and its role in NGU using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). MATERIALS AND METHDS: From June 1998 to July 2000, we examined a total of 116 men. Of these men 70 had symptoms and signs compatible with urethritis and 46 were for normal control. In the patient group, two urethral discharge or swab specimens were collected. One was used for Gram stain to detect Gram negative intracellular diplocci. The other was subjected to PCR for C. trachomatis and M. genitalium. In the control group, urethral swab specimen was used to detect C. trachomatis and M. genitalium by PCR based assay. RESULTS: Gonococcal urethritis (GU) was diagnosed in 14 cases (20.0%). Detection rates of M. genitalium and C. trachomatis in urethritis group were 8.6% (6/70), 18.6% (13/70). M. genitalium and C. trachomatis were detected in 7.1% (1/14), 14.3% (2/14) of GU and 8.9% (5/56), 19.6% (11/56) of NGU. Detection rate of M. genitalium in chlamydia-negative NGU was 11.1% (5/45). No patient positive for M. genitalium had a simultaneous chlamydia infection. In control group with no urethral symptom or sign, M. genitalium and C. trachomatis were not detected at all. Compared with chlamydia- positive NGU, M. genitalium-positive urethritis exhibited higher recurrence rate. CONCLUSIONS: M. genitalium was detected in 8.9% of NGU and 11.1% of non-chlamydia NGU. This study suggests that M. genitalium may be one of the causative organisms in NGU. Further studies will be necessary to define its role in NGU.
Chlamydia Infections ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; Humans ; Male ; Mycoplasma genitalium* ; Mycoplasma* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recurrence ; Urethritis*

No abstract available.
Thorax* ; Ventilators, Mechanical*

Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate acid phosphatase (PAP) were measured in 106 patients including 9 patients with prostate cancer, 63 patients with BPH. and 34 normal control group free of prostate disorders. The mean PSA value was 61.14+/-43.87 ng/ml for prostate cancer, 6.07+/-5.57 ng/ml for BPH and 1.42+/-0.98 ng/ml for normal control group, and the mean PAP value was 9.81+/-10.16 ng/ml for prostate cancer, 1.58+/-2.36ng/ml for BPH and 1.00+/-0.17 ng/ml for normal control group. The positive rates of PSA were 78% for prostate cancer, 22% for BPH and 0% for normal control group, and those of PAP were 67% for prostate cancer, 6% for BPH and 0% for normal control group. The sensitivity and specificity for PSA were 78%, respectively. We conclude that PSA may be a useful tool for detection and therapeutic monitoring of the prostatic cancer.
Acid Phosphatase ; Adenocarcinoma* ; Humans ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

True hermaphroditism is characterized by the coexistence of testicular and ovarian tissue. Authors experienced a case of true hermaphroditism which was confirmed an ovary in the left abdomen and testis in the right scrotum with a karyotype of 46, XX,47, XXY and report this case with the brief review of literatures.
Abdomen ; Female ; Karyotype* ; Ovary ; Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development* ; Scrotum ; Testis

PURPOSE: Suprapubic vibrating stimulus may improve the urinary symptom in patients with neurogenic bladder. We attempted to evaluate the suprapubic vibration effect on urodynamic study in patient with voiding dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From October 1997 to July 1998, We have performed urodynamic studies(UDS) on 30 patients(13 males, 17 females). They had intact suprapubic sensation without lower urinary tract obstruction, who visited under the chief complaints of voiding dysfunction(frequency, voiding difficulty etc.). All patients were checked UDS before and after using a vibrating device(frequency 120Hz, mechanical output 0.081mm), which was placed on the 2?3cm above the pubic symphysis. Results of detrusor pressure were compared pre- and post-vibration at 150ml bladder filling and at strong desire to void and maximum bladder capacity. The most common underlying disease was peripheral lesions(11 cases). Results of UDS were grouped into three. Group I consisted of 11 patients with hyperactive bladder. Group II consisted of 6 patients with normal bladder, and group III consisted of 13 patients with hypoactive bladder. RESULTS: Changes of detrusor pressure at the 150ml bladder filling in group I couldn`t be measured due to early urine leakage. In group II&III, the average detrusor pressure changes of pre- and post-vibration were from 4.2+/-.6cmH2O to 3.8+/-.2cmH2O(p>0.05) and from 5.7+/-.8cmH2O to 6.7+/-.2cmH2O(p>0.05) respectively. Detrusor pressure at strong desire to void was changed from 39.0+/-8.6cmH2O to 40.0+/-0.0cmH2O in group I(p>0.05), 25.3+/-2.8cmH2O to 19.0+/-2.2cmH2O in group II(p>0.05), and from 15.0+/-.9cmH2O to 19.5+/-2.3cmH2O in group III(p<0.05). Changes of maximum bladder capacity were from 222.7+/-8.4ml to 187.5+/-1.7ml in group I(p>0.05), from the 402.0+/-2.8ml to 399.3+/-4.5ml in group II(p>0.05), and from 547.5+/-9.5ml to 520.1+/-9.6ml in group III(p<0.05). In group III, ten of the 13 patients(77%) showed the increase of detrusor pressure at strong desire to void(mean: 6.6cmH2O) and nine of the 13 patients(69%) showed the decrease in maximum bladder capacity(mean: 46.4ml)(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the use of suprapubic vibrator may be an ancillary therapeutic tool in selected patients of voiding dysfunction with hypoactive bladder.
Humans ; Male ; Pubic Symphysis ; Sensation ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urinary Tract ; Urodynamics* ; Vibration*

We report two cases of eccrine hidrocystoma, one in a 13-year-old-female and the other a 56-year-old male. In the first case, rnultiple pale blue, translucent, discrete yellow papules of one years duration were noted on the nose tip of the nose. The second case presented with a tiny asympt,omatic papule superimposed on a slightly erythematous 2cm-sized, round patch on the forehead for 2 months. In both cases, the histopathology demonstrated a cystic space filed with eosinophilic amorphous material. The cyst wall was lined by two layers of cuboidal pithelial cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm. PAS staining showed PAS-positive materials in he cytoplasm of cyst wall epithelium, lumen, and eccrine gland cells. Topical application of 10% atropine sulfate and surgical excision were performed in the each cases with improvernent.
Atropine ; Cytoplasm ; Eccrine Glands ; Eosinophils ; Epithelium ; Forehead ; Hidrocystoma* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) were performed in three patients with atherosclerotic stenosis of subclavian arteries. The arteries were successfully dilated without complications during the procedure. All patients were asymptomatic during follow-up periods ranging from eight months to fifteen months after PTA.
Angioplasty* ; Arteries ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Subclavian Artery*

Between August 1993 and Apri1 1994, intrarenal arterial color duplex Doppler sonography was performed on 55 patients(110 kidneys) with acute ureteral obstruction and 12 patients(24 kidneys) with painless ureteral obstruction by unilateral ureteral stones to assess renal hemodynamic changes and its clinical applications. The mean resistive index(RI) of the doppler waveforms obtained on the acutely obstructed 55 kidneys(0.663+/-0.055) was significantly higher than that of the contralateral normal kidneys (0.613+/-0.052) (P<0.05). We found no RI difference between the contralateral normal 55 kidneys(mean: 0.613+/-0.052) in patients with acute ureteral obstruction and the painless obstructed 12 kidneys(mean: 0.595+/-0.029). In the acutely obstructed 55 kidneys, the mean RI of the upper pole(0.674+/-0.054) was significantly higher than that of the mid portion(0.661+/-0.064) or the lower pole(0.654+/-0.065,r<0.05). No difference of the RI was found between the hydronephrotic 31 kidneys(mean: 0.671+/-0.063) and nonhydronephrotic 24 kidneys(mean: 0.65+/-0.041) in the acutely obstructed 55 kidneys(P>0.05). There was no correlation between the levels of ureteral obstruction and intrarenal RI values(P>0.05). The RIs of 3 significantly obstructed kidneys decreased after relief of obstruction. We conclude that the RI is easily obtained and measured, and it would provide important physiological informations on renal vascular impedance in acute ureteral obstruction. Renal doppler findings could be the one of the criteria for assessing the upper urinary tract obstruction.
Electric Impedance ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Ultrasonography, Doppler ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction* ; Urinary Tract

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness of a unilateral x-ray of the kidney, ureter and bladder (hemi-KUB), in the place of a full-KUB, in the follow-up of patients treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), and thereby reduce the radiation exposure for patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 111 patients, who underwent ESWL, between March 2000 and July 2002, were enrolled onto the study. Patients with bilateral stones, or who had changed to another treatment model, were excluded. During the follow-up to the ESWL, we used the hemi-KUB method for the collimation of the radiation field. The numbers of hemi-KUBs during the treatment were recorded. The reductions in the exposure to the radiation dose, per patient, were calculated and analyzed according to the sizes and shapes of the stones. The typical doses were: for IVU (6 films), 2.5mSv; full-KUB film, 0.42mSv; and a hemi-KUB film, 0.21mSv. RESULTS: The total reduction in the doses of radiation exposure was 114.45mSv. The radiation doses, per patient, were reduced by a mean of 1.03+/-0.58mSv. The reduction in the dose of radiation exposure correlated well with the stone size (r=0.7082, p<0.05). The mean number of hemi-KUBs (mean reduction dose of radiation exposure), according to the stone size groups: these being 5-9, 10-19 and +/-20mm, were 3.82+/-1.76 (0.80+/-0.37), 6.52+/-2.10 (1.37+/-0.44) and 11.00+/-3.85 (2.31+/-0.81)mSv, respectively (p<0.05). Also, the mean number of hemi-KUBs (mean reduction dose of radiation exposure), according to the stone shapes, typed into I (less organized or lacy), IIa (spiculated), IIb (mulberry), III (round or ovoid) and IV (struvite or staghorn), were 2.77+/-0.85 (0.58+/-0.18), 4.48+/-1.86 (0.94+/-0.39), 4.83+/-1.43 (1.01+/-0.30), 7.54+/-1.36 (1.58+/-0.29) and 8.75+/-3.72 (1.84+/-0.78)mSv, respectively (p<0.05). Using the receiver operating characteristic curve, the cut-off value, of a stone size that could be used to determine the risk group whose radiation exposure exceeding 5mSv (personal permissible dose/year), was 23.52mm, but when using a full-KUB this was 7.97mm. CONCLUSIONS: The use of hemi-KUB is a simple and easy method to reduce the radiation exposure in the follow-up of an ESWL, especially in patients with stones larger than 7.97mm in size, with a round-ovoid or staghorn shape.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Lithotripsy* ; ROC Curve ; Shock* ; Ureter* ; Urinary Bladder*