No abstract available.
Lichens* ; Mucinosis, Follicular*

The goal of cleft lip surgery is to reconstruct normal shape of the lip. To acomplish this goal, various operative method were contrived and concept of the method decided the shape of reconstructed lips. According to the operative result, some operative methods were disappeared or have been developed with a little modifiation. Traditional Millard's rotation-advancement method for unilateral cleft lip patients is largely accepted and developed as proper method for acquiring these functional and anatomic purposes. As a trial for this development, Mulliken add some modifications. He uses exaggerated high rotation incision and it lengthens into midcolumella without backcut. Also he dosen't steal from alar base or lateral lip for vertical height. C-flap is used to lengthen the affected columella and upper lip. The isolated orbicularis oris muscle is coaptated each other for more functional result. With supraperichondral dissection of alar cartilage and transpositioning of caudal septum, he performs synchronous repair of cleft lips, nose and sometimes alveolus. It is still debated when is most suitable age for surgical correction of nasal deformity of cleft lip patients. Done at the time of primary lip repair, there are both some apprehension and inducement. The former are based on technical difficulties due to shortage and fragility of neonatal tissue and possibility of progressive deformities with growing because of iatrogenic injuries to the alar cartilages. But te latter is rationalized because early reposition of deformed nasal cartilage in proper position would induce more natural growth of nasal structures. Some long-term follow up reports reveal the early operation innocent of any growth deterioration. Mulliken treats his cleft lip patient for separated lip and nasal deformities with single operation, and does gingiovoperiosteal alveoloplasty at the same time if necessary. He uses Latham appliance from 4 to 6 week after birth in case of severly collapsed lateral alveolar segment or wide alvolar gap, and perform the definitive opertation at the age of 4 to 6 months. I use lip adhension method to correct more than 10 mm alveolar gap without severe collapse of lateral alveolar segment, but if lateral segment was severely collapsed and away from alvolar arch, I apply the Latham appliance somewhat modificate from original type, which has a metal ring fastened at the front limb of appliance for rubber banding to coaptate easily. I have experienced repair of cleft lip by Mulliken's concept with some modification of my own to 44 cases of unilateral cleft lip patients and conclude that it was very flexible method. Doing with synchonous repair of cleft lip nose, we could get harmonious lip and nose with symmetric nostril sill, cupid's bow and red line. Columella was lengthened primarily. Normal growth of nose was anticipated by anatomic repositioning of alar septal cartilage.
Alveoloplasty ; Cartilage ; Cleft Lip* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lip ; Nasal Cartilages ; Nose ; Parturition ; Rubber

No abstract available.
Myocardial Infarction*

No abstract available.
Angiotensin II* ; Angiotensins* ; Animals ; Endocrine System* ; Rats*

In the past years skin grafts, local flaps and free flaps have been used in reconstructing skin of soft tissue defects and deformities of the face where primary closure is not feasible. A number of local flaps have been used for reconstruction of facial defects and deformities, but the size of a defect that could be treated in such a way was restricted and the donor site deformity was another problem of local flaps. Introduction of the tissue expansion technique has made it possible to cover even wider defects with neighboring skin and advantageous in facial reconstruction in that such defects can be resurfaced with skin of similar color, texture and thickness, a match superior to that of skin obtained elsewhere. We used tissue expanders in reconstructing defects and deformities of the face(post-burn scar ; 17cases, post-traumatic scar ; 7cases, congenital nevus ; 3cases, total 27cases) from Mar. 1990 to Sep. 1996. We used expanders of various size and shape according to the site and size of the defects. We prefered to use round or croissant type tissue expander for the reconstruction of small-sized scar on medial cheek and to use rectangular type expander for large-sized scar on lateral cheek. Ports are placed under the scar or scalp. Expansion period ranged from 28days to 97days (mean 7weeks) and overinflation (mean 170%) was done. And various methods are used for prevention of complication. We have made anchoring sutures of the remained capsule to the underlying periosteum for prevention of ectropion. We have got satisfactory results from that aesthetically and functionally, so report the results with a review of the current literature.
Cheek ; Cicatrix ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ectropion ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Nevus ; Periosteum ; Scalp ; Skin* ; Sutures ; Tissue Donors ; Tissue Expansion Devices ; Tissue Expansion* ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Addison Disease*

BACKGROUND: There were many reports about the effect of succinylcholine on the action of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. The results are inconsistent depend on the nondepolarizing muscles relaxants used, time when nondepolarizing blockers administered and methods of experiments etc. We investigated the effect of succinylcholine on the neuromuscular blockade induced with mivacurium, a new short acting nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, when mivacurium was administered during early and late recovery from succinylcholine block and when different dose of succinylcholine were used. METHODS: 30 rabbits were divided into 5 groups including control group. Control group was administered mivacurium only. In other 2 groups, succinylcholine (3xED95) was administered, and mivacurium was given at 5% and 100% recovery from succinylcholine. In the other two groups, succinylcholine (6xED95) was administered, and mivacurium was given at 5% and 100% recovery from succinylcholine. We investigated onset time, duration of relaxation, and recovery index of mivacurium induced neuromuscular block. RESULTS: Onset time was shortened in all groups compare to control group. Duration and recovery index were not changed significantly at 5% and 100% recovery of succinylcholine (3xED95) administered group, but prolonged significantly (p<0.05) in succinylcholine (6xED95) administered groups compare to control group. CONCLUSION: Mivacurium induced block were more prolonged at 100% recovery of succinylcholine (3xED95) induced block and these effect were more potentiated by the increasing the dose of succinlycholine (6xED95) administered group.
Muscles ; Neuromuscular Blockade* ; Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents ; Rabbits ; Relaxation ; Succinylcholine*

No abstract available.
Broad Ligament* ; Female ; Leiomyoma* ; Leiomyosarcoma*

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a technique to deliver a high dose to a target region and a low dose to a critical organ through only one or a few irradiation. The SRS must be planned exactly. Currently the surgery plan is performed by trial and error method. There are many questions about the reliability and reproducibility of the plan result. This study improve each step of the Oh's method based on heuristic target shaping to obtain the better result. The target was reconstructed using cylinders with same height and the neighbored cylinders were combined according to the difference of each center and diameter. Then, spheres were packed within each cylinders by the packing rules. Two virtual targets were used to compare this method with Oh's method. As a result, the numbers of isocenter were successfully reduced - more than 36% and 26% - without serious differences of prescription isodose to tumour volume ratio (PITV) and maximum dose to prescription dose ratio (MDPD). This technique using cylinder piling and sphere packing will be a helpful tool to planner in stereotactic radiosurgery.
Planning Techniques* ; Prescriptions ; Radiosurgery*

Congenital auricular deformities such as lop ear, cup ear, prominent ear, and Stahl's ear can be corrected nonsurgically in the early neonatal period(first week after birth) obtaining satisfactory results. Auricular cartilage consists of chondrocytes and intercellular materials that are mainly assembled from collagen, elastin, and a proteoglycan aggergate. Cartilageelasticity is dependent upon the concentration of the proteoglycan aggregate. Hyaluronic acid, which is a constituent of proteoglycan aggregate and is increased by estrogens, has an important play on disconnecting the proteoglycan aggregate. So the increased estrogen results in the lack of elasticity. The circulating levels of free estradiol are higher during the first 72 hours after birth and decreases thereafter, so the ear is soft and easily malleable in this early neonatal period. In this study, we have applied aluminium splint (90 degree-angulated, 180 degree-angulated, and rolled) on rabbit ear. All of the rabbit was divided into 3 groups containing 3 types of deformities. In group 1, estrogen was applied to the deformed ear with regional injection to the perichondrium of auricular cartilage. In group 2. estrogen was applied topically with ointment. In group 3, as control group, saline was injected to the perichondrium. Four weeks later, in group 2, the shape of the deformed rabbit ear was maintained, and did not return to its original shape even after splint removal. From these results, we concluded that estrogen ointment could be tried as adjunctive therapeutic modalities to the nonsurgical treatment of the congenital auricular deformities.
Chondrocytes ; Collagen ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear Cartilage ; Ear* ; Elasticity ; Elastin ; Estradiol ; Estrogens* ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Parturition ; Proteoglycans ; Splints