The aim of this study was to clarify the role of Kupffer cells in the mechanism of endotoxin-induced liver injury. The study on fine structure of Kupffer cells was performed after the injection of endotoxin. The endotoxin(Escherichia soli lipopolysaccharide 026: B6, 1.5mg/100 g of body weight) was intraperitoneally injected in Sprague-Dewley rats. Animals were sacrificed at 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 72 and 120 hours after the injection of endotoxin. Livers were extirpated and processed to be examined by light and electron microscopy. The results obtained were summerized as follows: Early changes observed in liver after endotoxin injection included the increased number and hypertrophy of Kupffer cells, infiltration of neutrophils and presence of fibrin thrombi within the sinusoids. The coritinuous increase of the Kupffer cells in number with hypertrophy, congestion and infiltration of inflammatory cells within the sinusoids were observed. Hepatocytes showed* fatty change and occasional necrosis. At 72 hours the congestion decreased. At 120 hours the number of Kupffer cells was increased, but the morphology of Kupffer cells became similar to that of the control group. The numbers and sizes of primary and secondary lysosomes and amount of euchromatin of Kupffer cells increased. Swellings and increase in number of mitochondria, Golgi complex, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum were evident. Microthrombi were present within the sinusoids. The swelling of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, decrease of glycogen particles, fatty change, hypoxic vacuoles, pyknotic nuclei and occasional necrosis were observed in hepatocytes. At 72 hours the number of secondary lysosomes in Kupffer cells decreased. At 120 hours the morphology of Kupffer cells became similar to that of the control group. According to these results, it was postulated that the endotoxin was initially taken up by pinocytosis into Kupffer cells and degraded in secondary lysosomes of activated Kupffer cells. Kupffer cells may play an important role in the defense mechanism of liver during endotoxemia. The dysfunction of Kupffer cells and ischemia by sinusoidal microthrombi may cause liver injury.
Animals ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth ; Endotoxemia ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Euchromatin ; Fibrin ; Glycogen ; Golgi Apparatus ; Hepatocytes ; Hypertrophy ; Ischemia ; Kinetics* ; Kupffer Cells* ; Liver ; Lysosomes ; Microscopy, Electron ; Mitochondria ; Necrosis ; Neutrophils ; Pinocytosis ; Rats* ; Vacuoles

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation* ; Pregnancy*

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change of mucosal immunity in gastric diseases. A quantative analysis of IgA and secretory component(SC) in gastric diseases by immunohistochemical method was performed in 110 specimens. The results are as follows: 1) In normal gastric mucosa, all of 10 cases revealed a negative reaction to antihuman SC but 4 cases were positive for IgA. 2) In chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia, the metaplastic cells except for the goblet cells were positive for both IgA and SC. 3) The dysplastic cells were also positive for both IgA and SC, and the regenerating cells in ulcer as well. 4) All of the well differentiated or moderately well differentiated adenocarcinomas showed positive reactions to antihuman IgA and antihuman SC, and the intensity appeared to be stronger in the former. However, among 10 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma SC was not demonstrated in 5 cases, and no IgA was present in one case. In 10 cases of signet ring cell carcinoma, 6 cases revealed a negative reaction to antihuman IgA and 6 cases to antihuman SC. The above results suggest that the secretory immunity is not essential in normal gastric mucosa. The intestinal metaplasia in chronic gastritis is considered as an adaptive response to chronic inflammation. The degree of differentiation in adenocarcinoma may be related to the mucosal immunity.
Adenocarcinoma

Wegener's granulomatosis is a disease of unknown etiology that is characterized by the clinicopathologic complex of necrotixing granulomatous vasculitis of the upper and lower respiratory tract, glomerulonephritis, and variable degrees of small vessel vasculitis. Recently Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) has been reported to be a highly specific test for the diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis. We have experienced a patient of Wegener's granulomatosis in a 11 year old girl who was admitted with complaints f arthralgia, hematuria, convulsion and associated with otitis media and sinusitis. Serologic test of C-ANCA was positive and histologic findings of the kidney showed crescentic glomerulonephritis with sclerosis and surrounding infiltration of multinucleated giant cells. Patient was treated with pulse methylprednisolone without improvement. The clinical course progressed rapidly and expired due to the renal failure, gastrointestinal bleeding and status epilepticus. A brief review of literatures was made.
Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic* ; Arthralgia ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Giant Cells ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hematuria ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Kidney ; Methylprednisolone ; Otitis Media ; Renal Insufficiency ; Respiratory System ; Sclerosis ; Seizures ; Serologic Tests ; Sinusitis ; Status Epilepticus ; Vasculitis ; Wegener Granulomatosis*

Adenosquamous carcinoma of stomach is a mixed glandular-epidermoid tumor where both components are neoplastic. Its incidence is extremely rare. The five theories on the origin of squamous components are 1) island of ectopic squamous epithelium in the gastric mucosa, 2) squamous metaplasia of gastric epithelium, 3) squamous differentiation in a preexisting adenocarcinoma, 4) endothelial cell differentiated toward squamous elements, and 5) totipotential undifferentiated cells of the gastric mucosa. We experienced three cases of adenosquamous carcinoma. Case 1 was a 71-year-old female patient; an ulcerative lesion was present in the pylorus, measuring 5 cm in diameter. Case 2 was a 57-year-old male patient; an ulcerative lesion is present in the pylorus, measuring 6 cm in diameter. Case 3 was a 58-year-old female patient; an ulcerative lesion was present in the body and fundus, measuring 10 cm in diameter. Microscopic examination revealed a mixed malignant squamous and adenomatous component.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous* ; Endothelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Metaplasia ; Middle Aged ; Pylorus ; Stomach* ; Ulcer

Clinical and histopathological studies were made on 202 cases of malignancy of cervix, that were visited to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yeungnam University Hospital, during 5 years from 1983 to 1987. The results were summarized as follows. 1. Malignancies of the uterine cervix were 10% of total female malignancies. 2. Among 202 cases, 195 cases (96.5%) were squamous cell carcinoma, in which 60 cases (30.0%) of carcinoma in situ, 9 cases (4%) of microinvasive, and 126 cases (62.5%) of invasive carcinoma were included. 3. The average age of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma was 49.4 years old; In case of carcinoma in situ, it was 43.8, microinvasive, 40.0, invasive 52.1 years old. 4. Clinical symptoms of the patient with squamous cell carcinoma in order of frequency were as follows; vaginal bleeding (47.5%), abnormal cytology (15.4%), and abnormal vaginal discharge (9.4%). 5. Duration of the chief complaints was most commonly less than 6 months (73.2%), and the average duration was 3.8 months. 6. The most common age of marriage was between 19 to 22 years old (46.5%). The average was 21.5 years old. 7. The gravity was 51.5% in 5-8 times, and average 6.2 times. The parity was 61.9% in 1-4 times, and average 3.9 times. 8. The subdivision of 126 cases of invasive carcinoma was made according to FIGO stage classification, stage I, 40 cases (31.8%), stage II, 54 cases(42.9%), stage III, 11 cases (8.7%), and stage IV, 8 cases (6.3%). 9. The histologic subtypes of invasive squamous cell carcinoma were distributed as follows; large cell keratinizing type, 25 cases (19.8%), large cell nonkeratinizing type, 101 cases (80.2%). 10. In the cytologic diagnosis, class I was 2 cases (1.9%), class II was 16 cases (15.1%), class III was 33 cases (31.1%), class IV was 31 cases (29.3%), class V was 24 cases (24.6%). 11. The frequency of lymph node metastasis was 7.5% in stage I, and 11.1% in stage II.
Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cervix Uteri* ; Classification ; Daegu* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Gravitation ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Marriage ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Obstetrics ; Parity ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Vaginal Discharge

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney*

A total of 73 enucleated eyeballs is reviewed and analyzed clinicopthologically. These eyeballs were selected among the enucleated spceimens that had been removed at the Yeungnam University Hospital during a period of 10 years beginning from 1983 to 1992. Following results were obtained. 1) When the eyeballs were classified according to me direct cause of removal, the neoplasm was the most common single cause accounting for 26 cases(35.6%) out of 73 cases, followed by phthisis bulbi l6 cases(21.9%), trauma 10 cases(13.7%), glaucoma 8 cases(10.9%), inflammation 5 cases(6.8%), staphyloma 4 cases(5.5%), retinal detachment 1 cases(1.4%), Coat's disease 1 cases(1.4%), corneal disease 1 cases(1.4%) and choroidal hemorrhage 1 cases(1.4%). 2) 39 cases(53.4%) were male and 34(46.6%) were female. 23 cases(31.5%) were below 10 years of age, which was the highest rate. 3) The neoplastic lesion included retinoblastoma 20 cases(76.9%) in 26 neoplasms, malignant melanoma 4 cases(15.3%), hemagioblastoma of optic disc 1 cases(3.9%), adenocarcinoma of Meibomian gland 1 cases(3.9%). 4) Retinoblastoma was the commonest intraocular tumor accounting for 20 out of 26 cases, In growth pattern, 80.0% of the tumor grew endophtytically. True rosette were seen 60% of the retinoblastoma.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

No abstract available.
Fruit* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Peritonitis*