The authors studied the formation of giant mitochondria in liver cell. The Sprague Dawley rats were sacrificed following intervals; 5, 10, 20, 30, and 60 minutes after intraperitoneal injection of hydrazine in the amount of 200 microliter/kg. And the extracted liver tissues were examined with light and electron microscopes. The results obtained were summarized as follow; Light microscopically, there is little difference between control and experimental groups. Electron microscopically, elongated, bizzare shaped mitochondria are appears 5 minutes after hydrazine injection. Those show attenuated portion, Y, U, or C shaped feature suggesting fusion or budding mitochondria. The number of giant mitochondria is decreased after 10 minutes group and rarely present in 60 minutes group. The results suggest in this experiment that the formation of giant mitochondria is kind of reversible change and it is different from the mitochondrial swelling of cellular injury. Intermitochondrial fusion and mitochondrial budding may be related with the formation of giant mitochondria.
Rats ; Animals

The purpose of this study is to investigate the morphologic changes of the sinusoidal endothelial cells and the associated structures of the cirrhotic rat liver induced by repeat intraperitoneal injections of N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) (100 mg/kg/week). One day to 6 weeks later, rat livers were observed under the light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and immunostained with laminin antibody. Two weeks after DEN treatment, the fibrillar material in Disse's space was noted, and then a basement membrane-like structure was found at 4 weeks after treatment. Laminin was detected in perisinusoidal areas after 4 weeks. Laminin was strongly positive on the fibrous septum and in the sinusoidal wall of cirrhotic nodules after 6 weeks of treatment. The diameters and numbers of sinusoidal endothelial fenestrations did not change significantly until 2 weeks. They decreased within 4 weeks, and then the sinusoidal endothelium was poorly fenestrated at 6 weeks after DEN treatment. These results suggest that as fibrosis develops in cirrhosis, the deposit of extracellular matrix such as laminin within Disse's space is a major contributing factor in the structural alteration of sinusoidal endothelial cells, and the capillarization of the sinusoidal endothelial cells may be a contributor to impairment of the hepatic function in cirrhosis.
Rats ; Animals

This study was performed to observe the infection status of sweetfish, caught from Kwangjung-stream and Namdae-stream in Yangyang-gun, Kangwon-do in August 1989, with the metacercariae of Metagonimus yokogawai. All of 28 sweetfish from Kwangjung-stream were infected with the metacercariae of M. yokogawai. The number of metacercariae in a fish ranged 89-521(224 on average), and the number of larvae/g of flesh was 12 approximately 55 (22 on average). On the other hand, no metacercariae were detected in the fish from Namdae-stream. It has been confirmed that the Kwangjung-stream in Yangyang-gun, Kangwon-do is one of the endemic foci of metagonimiasis in Korea.
English-Abstract ; Fish-Diseases-parasitology ; Heterophyidae-isolation-and-purification ; Korea-epidemiology ; Trematode-Infections-parasitology ; *Fish-Diseases-epidemiology ; *Fresh-Water ; *Heterophyidae- ; *Trematode-Infections-epidemiology

This study was performed to observe the infection status of sweetfish, caught from Kwangjung-stream and Namdae-stream in Yangyang-gun, Kangwon-do in August 1989, with the metacercariae of Metagonimus yokogawai. All of 28 sweetfish from Kwangjung-stream were infected with the metacercariae of M. yokogawai. The number of metacercariae in a fish ranged 89-521(224 on average), and the number of larvae/g of flesh was 12 approximately 55 (22 on average). On the other hand, no metacercariae were detected in the fish from Namdae-stream. It has been confirmed that the Kwangjung-stream in Yangyang-gun, Kangwon-do is one of the endemic foci of metagonimiasis in Korea.
English-Abstract ; Fish-Diseases-parasitology ; Heterophyidae-isolation-and-purification ; Korea-epidemiology ; Trematode-Infections-parasitology ; *Fish-Diseases-epidemiology ; *Fresh-Water ; *Heterophyidae- ; *Trematode-Infections-epidemiology

Acetabular bone deficiencies encountered during the revision hip arthroplasties should be recon- structed to provide the implant stability and to restore the normal center of rotation of hip and the leg length. We revised the loosened acetabular cup by grafting fresh-frozen bulk femoral head and inserting uncemented cup in 17 hips of 15 patients. The average follow-up period was 2 years and 3 months. The acetabular bone deficiencies were type 2A in 6 hips, type 2B in 8, type 3A in 1 and type 3B in 2 by Paprosky's classification. Three blocks of femoral head were grafted in 3 type 3 deficiencies, but only one in type 2 deficiencies. The cup-host bone contact was 41% on the average. However, the cup-host bone contact in the zone I was present only in 12 out of 17 hips and its average was 14%. Incorporation of the allograft into the host bone occurred between 5 months and 1 year and 7 months (average, 8,6 months) after revision surgery. Significant radiographic loosening sign was noted only in 2 hips which had not only type 3B bone deficiencies reconstructed with 3 blocks of femoral head allograft but also no cup-host bone contact in zone I . The bulk allograft of fresh-frozen femoral head demonstrated acceptable results in type 2 acetabular bone deficiencies, although the follow-up period was relatively short. Reconstruction of type 3B acetabular bone deficiencies by using multiple blocks of femoral head allograft had been failed. We presumed that the lack of the graft stability and the intimate contact between the grafts and host bone was the cause of failure.
Acetabulum* ; Allografts* ; Arthroplasty ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head* ; Hip ; Humans ; Leg ; Transplants

Sustained abnormal liver function is closely associated with chronic hepatitis in Korea with high prevalence of hepatitis B infection. Follow up about AST and ALT on 839 adults(male 727, female 112) was executed with interval of at least 6 months for 2 years to evaluate the factors contribute to the progression of chronic hepatitis. HBsAg, HBsAb, anti-HCV, body mass index(BMI), total cholesterol, fasting blood sugar(FBS), Clonorchis sinensis in stool(Cs), fatty liver on abdominal sonogram and alcohol habit were also checked. We defined abnormal liver function as both of AST 35 U/L and ALT 50 U/L. As the result of first time liver function test(LFT), the frequency of abnormal liver function was 13.6%(114/839). The positive rate of HBsAg and HBsAb was 7.0% and 73.9%, respectively, and the positive rate of anti-HCV and Cs was 0.7% and 1.3%. As the result of the follow up, 6.2%(52/839) in total has a tendency of chronic hepatitis with sustained abnormal LFT. Among abnormal LFT, 45.6%(52/114) was sustained LFT abnormality, and 12.8%(93/725) was aggravated LFT abnormality from normal LFT at the first check. From these results, male and hepatitis B infection were evaluated as important factors for the progression of chronic hepatitis. HBsAb considered that has a protective effect to the progression of chronic hepatitis. Therefore, even though no symptoms or sign, periodic examination for hepatitis B marker and LFT is important to control the chronic hepatitis, especially for male. Furthermore, because only 25%(13/52) of sustained abnormal LFT was HBsAg positive, it suggests that further study for evaluating the factors except hepatitis B infection would be needed for the control of chronic hepatitis.
Cholesterol ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Fasting ; Fatty Liver ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis, Chronic* ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver ; Male ; Prevalence ; Transaminases*

Treatment of unstable cervical spine fracture by skull traction is time consuming procedure, and treatment by Halo appratus has many advantages but it is very expensive. Bone cement has been applied occasionally as an adjunct to metallic internal fixation in treating patient with malignancy, i.e. limited life expectancy. Internal fixation with bone cement in addition to routine posterior fusion with bone graft is tried eliminate the need of application of complicated external immobilization in treating unstable cervical spine fracture of young patient. We experienced two cases of posterior cervical fusion using bone cement with satisfactory results. The advantages of this method are: 1. Rapid and solid fixation 2. Early ambulation 3. Reduce complicated external support 4. Reduce the date of hospitalization.
Early Ambulation ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Life Expectancy ; Methods ; Osteotomy ; Skull ; Spine ; Traction ; Transplants

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to suggest a proper method for the detection of heaptitis B surface antibody(anti-HBs) in a screening program for hepatitis B vaccination. METHODS: Sensivitity, specificity and predictive values were compared between Immunochromatographic assay (ICA) and passive hemagglutination(PHA) in 978 subjects(565 males, 413 females, 19-78 years ranging in age, mean 46.5 years old). EIA was used as a standard method for the detection of HBsAb. RESULTS: Sensitivity in the detection of anti-HBs of PHA and ICA was 88.7% and 94.9%, specificity was 94.3% and 96.6%, negative predictive value was 96.5% and 98.0%, and positive predictive value was 82.3% and 91.3%, respectively. False negative rate(11.3%) of PHA was higher than that(5.1%) of ICA. The higher the titer of anti-HBs in EIA was, the lower the false negative rate was. There was no false negative result in the cases with 101mIU/ml or more in EIA. CONCLUSION: We suggest that ICA should be the choice of screening method in the detection of anti-HBs in Hepatitis B vaccination program.
Female ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Immunochromatography ; Korea* ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vaccination*

Hemorrhagic radiation proctitis is infrequently seen in patients receiving pelvic irradiation. The treatment of hemorrhagic ralation proctitis is often difficult. Many patients need reyeated hospitalizations and blood transfusions. Occasionally patiets will develop severe or recurrent rectal bleeding. In case of massive bleeding requiring excessive transfusion, colonic diversion by construction of a colostomy or excision of the diseased segment may be inevitable. However, surgical procedures in these patients are associated with a high mortality and morbidity. Moreover, medical therapy is usually ineffective. Recently formalin therapy has been introduced as a simple and effective treatment for hemorrhagic radiation proctitis. We experienced a 69 year-old woman patient who developed severe homorrhagic proctitis 1 year after radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix. She had not improved by conservative management and required blood tranafusions and repetitive hospitalizations. After local application of a 4% formalin solution in the diseased rectum under caudal anesthesia, the bleeding immediately stopped and the patient was discharged from the hospital, and no recurrence has been observed until now.
Aged ; Anesthesia, Caudal ; Blood Transfusion ; Cervix Uteri ; Colon ; Colostomy ; Female ; Formaldehyde* ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Mortality ; Proctitis* ; Radiotherapy ; Rectum ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and related factors of work related musculoskeletal symptoms in hairdressers. METHODS: Informations on general characteristics, job strain, and musculoskeletal symptoms were obtained by a self-administered questionnaire, through adopting NIOSH instrument and JCQ(Job content questionnaire), from 267 hairdressers, between March and May, 2000. RESULTS: The symptom prevalence by NIOSH surveillance criteria in total was high as 94.4%; shoulder (61.0%), neck (59.9%), low back (53.2%), hand and wrist (41.6%), etc. In multiple logistic regression, significant factors affecting the symptoms by body region; job insecurity on neck' gender, alcohol, decision latitude on low back; alcohol on hand and wrist; smoking on thigh and knee,' smoking, decision latitude on ankle and foot; job insecurity on upper back. CONCLUSIONS: Musculoskeletal symptoms of hairdresser were highly prevalent, and associated with job strain and their health habits. This is a basic data of work related musculoskeletal disorders among hairdressers who are not the subjects of occupational health service at the present time in Korea.
Ankle ; Body Regions ; Foot ; Hand ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) ; Neck ; Occupational Health Services ; Prevalence ; Questionnaires ; Shoulder ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Thigh ; Wrist