Growth stimulatory/inhibitory factors and their receptors are the important mediators of control of epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. The aim of this study was to observe the distribution of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and transforming growth factor-beta1 type II receptor (TbetaRII) during carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue from 25 oral leukoplakias (OL) and 15 OSCC was immunostained by avidin-biotin complex method. In OSCC, the carcinomatous area and the adjacent dysplastic/ hyperplastic area were examined. In OL, the hyperplasia and the epithelial dysplasia were examined. Monoclonal anti-EGFR Ab and polyclonal anti-TbetaRII Ab were applied. EGFR was mainly expressed in the basal layer and was increased with epithelial dysplasia in OL. TbetaRII was not detected in the basal cell layer and dysplastic area in OL. In contrast, the dysplastic area adjacent to OSCC showed positivity in the entire layer including the dysplastic area. In all cases of OSCC, both EGFR and TbetaRII showed positive reactions. EGFR was increased with the progression to the malignancy, and the expression pattern of TbetaR II was altered to be positive in the basal cell layer with progression to malignancy. These results suggest that the expression of EGFR appeared to be an early event and TbetaR II may be related to malignant transformation during oral carcinogenesis. The expression pattern of EGFR and TbetaR II may contribute to predict the risk of the development of carcinoma in oral premalignant lesions.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Epithelial Cells ; Formaldehyde ; Hyperplasia ; Leukoplakia, Oral* ; Paraffin ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor*

No abstract available.
Dyskeratosis Congenita* ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Facial Bones*

BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is associated with a insignificant skin lesion, keratitis, encephalitis, congenital infection, sexually transmitted disease, or cervix cancer. There are two types of serogroup, HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 makes the lesion mainly on the above-waist area and HSV-2 makes the lesion mainly on the below-waist area. To diagnose the HSV infection, immunological or cultural methods usually have been used until now. But they are not satisfactory in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and ease of application. Recently the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed. Because of the exponential nature of the amplification, this method can detect extremely small amount of DNA. We compared nested PCR with cultural method for HSV detection. METHODS: We obtained 61 specimens from the lesions of oral mucosa, face, and genital area. Samples were inoculated into the monolayer from the African green monkey kidney cell(Vero). When the slide showed cytopathic effect(CPE), HSV infection was confirmed, After extracting DNA from 61 samples, we amplified HSV DNA using nested PCR with the primers against the gene encoding glycoprotein (gD) of HSV-1 and HSV-2. RESULTS: We found 632 bp band after the 1st PCR round and 271 bp band after the 2nd PCR round with HSV-1 specific primers. HSV-2 revealed 428 bp band after the 1st PCR round and 231 bp band after the 2nd PCR round. Nested PCR showed analytical sensitivity at 10(-9) g of DNA in HSV-1 and 10(-10) g of DNA in HSV-2. Viral culture was positive in 36%, nested PCR detected HSV DNA sequence in 54% of samples. Nested PCR typed HSV, HSV-1 in 67%, HSV-2 in 39%, and mixed type in 6% of PCR-positive samples. All isolates from above-waist area were HSV-1. Seventy seven percent of 13 isolates from below-waist area were HSV-2 and 38% were HSV-1. CONCLUSIONS: Nested PCR offers a rapid, simple, and sensitive test for HSV infections of skin and mucosa.
Base Sequence ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; DNA ; Encephalitis ; Glycoproteins ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Herpesvirus 2, Human ; Keratitis ; Kidney ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mucous Membrane ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Simplexvirus* ; Skin ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is associated with a insignificant skin lesion, keratitis, encephalitis, congenital infection, sexually transmitted disease, or cervix cancer. There are two types of serogroup, HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 makes the lesion mainly on the above-waist area and HSV-2 makes the lesion mainly on the below-waist area. To diagnose the HSV infection, immunological or cultural methods usually have been used until now. But they are not satisfactory in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and ease of application. Recently the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed. Because of the exponential nature of the amplification, this method can detect extremely small amount of DNA. We compared nested PCR with cultural method for HSV detection. METHODS: We obtained 61 specimens from the lesions of oral mucosa, face, and genital area. Samples were inoculated into the monolayer from the African green monkey kidney cell(Vero). When the slide showed cytopathic effect(CPE), HSV infection was confirmed, After extracting DNA from 61 samples, we amplified HSV DNA using nested PCR with the primers against the gene encoding glycoprotein (gD) of HSV-1 and HSV-2. RESULTS: We found 632 bp band after the 1st PCR round and 271 bp band after the 2nd PCR round with HSV-1 specific primers. HSV-2 revealed 428 bp band after the 1st PCR round and 231 bp band after the 2nd PCR round. Nested PCR showed analytical sensitivity at 10(-9) g of DNA in HSV-1 and 10(-10) g of DNA in HSV-2. Viral culture was positive in 36%, nested PCR detected HSV DNA sequence in 54% of samples. Nested PCR typed HSV, HSV-1 in 67%, HSV-2 in 39%, and mixed type in 6% of PCR-positive samples. All isolates from above-waist area were HSV-1. Seventy seven percent of 13 isolates from below-waist area were HSV-2 and 38% were HSV-1. CONCLUSIONS: Nested PCR offers a rapid, simple, and sensitive test for HSV infections of skin and mucosa.
Base Sequence ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; DNA ; Encephalitis ; Glycoproteins ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Herpesvirus 2, Human ; Keratitis ; Kidney ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mucous Membrane ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Simplexvirus* ; Skin ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Pyoderma gangrenosum is an uncommon, chronic, recurrent cutaneous ulcerative disease. It is difficult to diagnosis and is frequently associated with systemic diseases. There is no specific therapy, nor effective uniform therapy. Systemic treatment with corticosteroids or cyclosporine, alone or together, appeared to be effective in many cases. However, prolonged therapy is associated with significant side effects, and in refractory cases, immunomodulatory therapy is needed. We report a case of pyoderma gangrenosum, which developed in a 41-years-old woman, who showed no symptoms of having an underlying systemic disease. The conduction was successfully treated with prednisolone, cyclosporine and dapsone.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Cyclosporine* ; Dapsone* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunomodulation ; Prednisolone* ; Pyoderma Gangrenosum* ; Pyoderma* ; Ulcer

Pyoderma gangrenosum is an uncommon, chronic, recurrent cutaneous ulcerative disease. It is difficult to diagnosis and is frequently associated with systemic diseases. There is no specific therapy, nor effective uniform therapy. Systemic treatment with corticosteroids or cyclosporine, alone or together, appeared to be effective in many cases. However, prolonged therapy is associated with significant side effects, and in refractory cases, immunomodulatory therapy is needed. We report a case of pyoderma gangrenosum, which developed in a 41-years-old woman, who showed no symptoms of having an underlying systemic disease. The conduction was successfully treated with prednisolone, cyclosporine and dapsone.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Cyclosporine* ; Dapsone* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunomodulation ; Prednisolone* ; Pyoderma Gangrenosum* ; Pyoderma* ; Ulcer

No abstract available.
Agaricales* ; Morus*

No abstract available.
Cartilage* ; Ear*

BACKGROUND: Norwegian scabies is a highly infectious disease characterized by crust formation, different from ordinary scabies, and is caused by Sarcoptes scabiei. After the patient in our case was diagnosed with Norwegian scabies, active measures were taken to prevent its transmission within the hospital. Methods: A 66-year-old female patient was admitted to the general ward of a university hospital on January 23rd, 2008 and 6 days later, she was found to have been infected with Norwegian scabies all over the body. For epidemiological investigation, those who had been in contact with the patient were identified and interviewed. The patient was advised to follow the contact precaution, and linen the patient used was cleaned thoroughly. The surrounding environment was decontaminated by applying surface disinfectant. Preventive cream against the Norwegian scabies was distributed to staff members and patients who had been exposed to the patient, and appointed a dermatologist to educate them on how to use of medicine, what the mechanism of the disease is, what cautions must be taken, and how to write an ex post facto report. RESULTS: After the confirmation of the 1st case, no additional cases have been reported in the hospital during the ensuing 2 months. Therefore, prompt prevention and infection control activities against Norwegian scabies can be thought to have been successful. CONCLUSION: Whena patient with an uncertain skin disease is admitted, pertinent measures must be taken from the moment the patient is admitted and contact precaution should be applied both to the patients and the staff members. When a scabies patient is detected in an institution, the medical staff must enforce as much active preventive measures as possible, and by doing so, there will be a better chance to prevent the outbreak of scabies in the hospital.
Aged ; Bedding and Linens ; Communicable Diseases ; Cross Infection ; Female ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Medical Staff ; Patients' Rooms ; Sarcoptes scabiei ; Scabies ; Skin Diseases