Lipomatous tumors represent a common group of neoplasm in adult life usually presented as a mass. Authors reviewed 872 benign liopmatous tumors and 39 liposarcomas in the Department of pathology, SNUH during last 10 years (1978-1987). Among the benign lipomatous tumors, the ordinary lipomas consisted of 80.8%, followed by angiolipomas (11.4%), fibrolipomas (2.3%), intramuscular lipomas (1.8%), and angiomyolipomas (1.4%). Most of the benign lipomatous tumors occurred at adult life and were rare in infancy and childhood except for lipoblastoma. In our series, the peak age of liposarcoma at the time presentation was 50 to 60 years, and the youngest age was 17 years. The myxoid type was the most common and it accounted for 38.5% of the cases. The two major sites were the extremities and retroperitoneum. Thirteen cases out of 39 liposarcomas had recurred and 2 cases had lymph node metastases at the time of presentation.
Child ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies for S-100 protein and keratin has been conducted on 21 cases of malignant schwannomas. The 21 cases were divided into the following three groups Group A: tumors originating from the nerve trunk or neurofibroma; Group B: tumors related to von Recklinghausen's disease; and Group C: other tumors not belonging to the above groups but histologically diagnosed as malignant schwannoma. The commonest histological pattern consisted of either closely packed or loosely arranged interlacing fascicles of slender spindle cells with wavy fibrillar cytoplasm, followed by myxoid change, perithelial pattern, hyaline change of the blood vessels, and hyalinlzed cords or nodules. Nine out of 12 cases of malignant schwannomas in group A and B, and 7 out of 9 cases of group C were positive for S-100 protein. None of the above cases showed positive staining reaction for keratin. Since 7 of 9 malignant schwannomas in Group C stained with S-100 protein, we can conclude that careful histological analysis supplemented by immunohistichemical study can make a conclusive diagnosis in most of the cases of malignant schwannomas even in cases that do not fulfil the traditional strict criteria.

The knee joint is one of the most susceptable joint to ligamentous injury. For good results, it is very important to make an early diagnosis and to give prompt management. The aim of treatment is to restore the ligaments to their previous anatomic position and tension. The authors reviewed 420 cases of ligamentous injuries in 400 patients who were admitted and managed for 6 years from March, 1981 to February, 1987. The results were as follows : 1. The athletic injury was the most commcn cause of injury(55%), and fall-down was next(26%). 2. The most common ruptured individual ligament was the medial collateral ligament. Combined ligament rupture was more common in medial collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament. 3. The ruptured sites of the individual ligament were found to be the following ; a) the medial collateral ligament was ruptured most frequently at the femoral attachment(43%), with the superficial layer ruptured in the midsubstance and the deep layer at the femoral attachment; b) the lateral collateral ligament torn at the fibular attachment(51%); c) the anterior cruciate ligament torn at the femoral attachment(39%); d) the posterior cruciate ligament torn at the femoral attachment(64%). 4. Many ligamentous injuries were associated with fracture(44%) and tear of meniscus- (42%). 5. In stress-radiogram, the significance of ligament injuries was present in more than 10 and 10 mm. 6. Excellent and good results were obtained in 94% by non-surgical treatment and in 92% by surgical treatment. 7. Early surgical repair of the ligament within 2 weeks after injury, gave much better result than later repairs.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Athletic Injuries ; Clinical Study ; Collateral Ligaments ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle ; Ligaments ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Rupture ; Tears

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonography*

Bone mineral density (BMD) is one of the quantitative traits that are genetically inherited and affected by various factors. Over the past years, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have searched for many genetic loci that influence BMD. A recent meta-analysis of 17 GWASs for BMD of the femoral neck and lumbar spine is the largest GWAS for BMD to date and offers 64 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 56 associated loci. We investigated these BMD loci in a Korean population called Korea Association REsource (KARE) to identify their validity in an independent study. The KARE population contains genotypes from 8,842 individuals, and their BMD levels were measured at the distal radius (BMD-RT) and midshaft tibia (BMD-TT). Thirteen genomic loci among 56 loci were significantly associated with BMD variations, and 3 loci were involved in known biological pathways related to BMD. In order to find putative functional variants, nearby SNPs in relation to linkage equilibrium were annotated, and their possible functional effects were predicted. These findings reveal that tens of variants, not a single factor, may contribute to the genetic architecture of BMD; have an important role regardless of ethnic group; and may highlight the importance of a replication study in GWASs to validate genuine loci for BMD variation.
Bone Density* ; Ethnic Groups ; Femur Neck ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Genetic Loci ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genotype ; Humans ; Korea ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Radius ; Spine ; Tibia ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation

No abstract available.
Cell Line* ; Cytokines* ; Humans* ; Neuroblastoma*

The regional distributions and relative frequencies of some gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the three portions (cecum, colon and rectum) of the large intestinal tract of C57BL/6 mice were examined with immunohistochemical method using 7 types of specific antisera against chromogranin A (CGA), serotonin, somatostatin, human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP), glucagon, gastrin and cholecyctokinin (CCK)-8. In this study, all 3 types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified. Most of these IR cells in the large intestinal portion were generally spherical or spindle in shape (open-typed cell) while cells with a round shape (close-typed cell) were found in the intestinal gland. Their relative frequencies varied according to each portion of the large intestinal tract. CGA-IR cells were found throughout the whole large intestinal tract but were most predominant in the colon. Serotonin-IR cells were detected throughout the whole large intestinal tract and showed highest frequency in the colon. Peculiarly, glucagon-IR cells were restricted to the colon with a low frequency. However, no somatostatin-, HPP-, gastrin- and CCK-8-IR cells were found in the large intestinal tract. In conclusion, some peculiar distributional patterns of large intestinal endocrine cells were identified in C57BL/6 mice.
Animals ; Chromogranin A ; Chromogranins/metabolism ; Enteroendocrine Cells/*metabolism/physiology ; Female ; Gastrins/metabolism ; Glucagon/metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry/veterinary ; Intestine, Large/*cytology/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Pancreatic Polypeptide/metabolism ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Sincalide/metabolism ; Somatostatin/metabolism

The clinical and statistical evaluations of the 280 corneal grafted eyes which were operated at St. Mary's and Kangnam St. Mary's hospital from January 1980 to December 1985 were done. The follow-up period ranged from 1 month to 5 and 3/4 years(mean: 3 and 1/2 years). The results are as follows: 1. There were three major causes requiring corneal graft. The highest percentage was occupied by trauma(80 eyes, 28.57%) followed by keratoconus(46 eyes, 16.43%) and herpes simplex keratitis(40 eyes, 14.29%). At the time of keratoplasty the condition of the majority of the cornea was either leucoma cornea(125 eyes, 44.65%) or leucoma cornea adherens(26 eyes, 9.29%). 2. 215 eyes(76.79%) had penetrating keratoplasty and 65 eyes(23.21%) lamellar keratoplasty. 3. 221 eyes(78.92%) maintained the clarity of grafted cornea. 4. Postoperative corrected visual acuity of 0.5 or more was achieved in 111 eyes(40.36%), between 0.4 and 0.1 in 93 eyes(33.82%) and below 0.1 in 71 eyes(25.82%). There were 5 eyes excluded because of poor cooperation. 5. The causes of 59 opaque grafts were graft rejection(42 eyes, 71.19%), corneal edema(6 eyes, 10.17%), herpes simplex reinvasion(4 eyes, 6.78%), glaucoma(3 eyes, 5.08%) and others(4 eyes, 6.78%). 6. There were no statistically significant differences in the graft clarity and corrected visual acuity of both the Healon(R)-used group and the control group.
Cornea ; Corneal Transplantation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Herpes Simplex ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating ; Transplants* ; Visual Acuity

The ankle is a complex structure supporting the entire musculoskeletal system during standing and walking. The injuries to the ankle joint result in a severe functional disturbance because of complex anatomical characteristics around the ankle joint. 284 patients of the ankle fracture that were treated in orthopedic Dept. Capital Armed Forced General Hospital from march 1985. to march 1988. were analized in clinical and radiological aspects. The following results were obtained: 1. The main cause of the injuries was falling from a height and the other were sports injury and slipping down in order. 2. The most common type by Lauge-Hansen classification was supination-external rotation type(122 case, 42.9%). 3. 211 case(74.3%) were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, and 73 case(25.7%) were treated with closed reduction. Poor outcome seemed closely related to the severity of the injury and degree of fracture displacement. 4. Accurate reduction and rigid internal fixation of the lateral malleolus with shortening was important factor. 5. Classification of Lauge-Hansen was useful in the diagnosis and treatment of the ankle fractures.
Accidental Falls ; Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Joint ; Ankle ; Arm ; Athletic Injuries ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Musculoskeletal System ; Orthopedics ; Walking

A survey of the literature on the treatment of ruptures of deltoid ligament associated with fracture of distal part of fibula is controversial. Some authors advocated surgical repair of the ruptured deltoid ligament based on the theoretical consideration, while others advocated non-operative treatment based on the clinical consideration. We studied the results in forty-five patients who were treated for disruption of the deltoid ligament and a distal fibular fracture. The length of follow-up in our series was twelve to twenty-four months, with an average of fifteen months. When the fibular fracture was adequately reduced and medial clear space was returned to its normal width, the 91 percents both of patients of being treated with repair of deltoid ligament and patients of being treated without repair had a good or excellent results.
Clinical Study ; Fibula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Rupture