Pellegrini-Stieda's disease is a post-traumatic disorder of the knee. It is characterized by a crescentric-like bony formation in the region of the medial condyle of the femur, which usually makes its appearance upon roentgenographic examination three or more weeks after injury to the knee. During the three and a half years from January 1979 to July 1982, eleven patients were treated by conservative method and only one patient was treated by operation. The results were as follows; l. All give a history of trauma. 2. The major findings in this disease were pain in motion, local tenderness, and limitation of motion. 3. In roentgenographic findings of these cases, we noted the followings: 1) The most common site of the calcification was the proximal area of the tibial collateral ligament. 2) In seven cases (58%), the evidence of calcification was noted in 4 weeks to 12 weeks following original trauma. 3) Eight cases (67%) showed a radiolucent area from 0.5 to 3mm in thickness between the bony shadow and the femur. 4) Eight cases (67%) showed a crescentric shape of calcified area. 5) In seven cases (58%), the size of calcified mass was 1.5 to 3.5cm in length and 1 to 3mm in width. The mean size of calcified mass about 3cm in length and about 2.5mm in width. 4. Eleven cases were treated conservatively and one case was treated operatively. The results were satisfactory, and all patients were able to return to their works.
Clinical Study ; Femur ; Humans ; Knee ; Medial Collateral Ligament, Knee ; Methods

No abstract available.
Duodenal Ulcer* ; Pepsinogen A*

Objectives: . Otitis media is a common infection worldwide. Owing to the limited number of ear specialists and rapid development of telemedicine, several trials have been conducted to develop novel diagnostic strategies to improve the diagnostic accuracy and screening of patients with otologic diseases based on abnormal otoscopic findings. Although these strategies have demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for the tympanic membrane (TM), the insufficient explainability of these techniques limits their deployment in clinical practice. Methods: . We used a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on the segmentation of a normal TM into five substructures (malleus, umbo, cone of light, pars flaccida, and annulus) to identify abnormalities in otoscopic ear images. The mask R-CNN algorithm learned the labeled images. Subsequently, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of combinations of the five substructures using a three-layer fully connected neural network to determine whether ear disease was present. Results: . We obtained the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the optimal conditions for the presence or absence of eardrum diseases according to each substructure separately or combinations of substructures. The highest area under the curve (0.911) was found for a combination of the malleus, cone of light, and umbo, compared with the corresponding areas under the curve of 0.737–0.873 for each substructure. Thus, an algorithm using these five important normal anatomical structures could prove to be explainable and effective in screening abnormal TMs. Conclusion . This automated algorithm can improve diagnostic accuracy by discriminating between normal and abnormal TMs and can facilitate appropriate and timely referral consultations to improve patients’ quality of life in the context of primary care.

Protothecosis is a rare cutaneous soft tissue infection caused by the genus prototheca, most commonly Prototheca wickerhatmii. An 80-year-old woman has had a painful or tender, non-healing, eczematous plaque on the extensor surface of the left forearm for 4 years. A biopsy specimen revealed the characteristic thick-walled morulalike sporangia in the dermis. P. wickerha mili was isolated in the culture and the biochemical studies. Electron microscopic examination showed the thick-walled spores containing dark dense bodies and amyloplasts. Oral itraconazole therapy for 4 weeks resulted-in a marked improvement of the skin lesion.
Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Dermis ; Female ; Forearm ; Humans ; Itraconazole ; Plastids ; Prototheca ; Skin ; Soft Tissue Infections ; Sporangia ; Spores

Primary small cell carcinomas of the prostate are rare, and their histogenesis and clinical behavior remain poorly defined. The origin of small cell carcinoma remains uncertain, but several hypothesis has been put forward, one of this is that the tumor is derived from the argentaffin or argyrophil cells normally present in the prostate, and the other is that arises from the totipotential basal or reserve cells of the prostatic acini. Primary small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a highly aggressive tumor. causing widespread metastasis and early death. The mean survival is 5 to7 months after diagnosis of the small cell carcinoma regardless of the proportion of small cell component or cell size. We report one case of primary small cell carcinoma of the prostate with brief review of literatures.
Carcinoma, Small Cell* ; Cell Size ; Cellular Structures ; Diagnosis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prostate*

Spine diseases are common and exhibit several causes, including degeneration, trauma, congenital issues, and other specific factors. Most people experience a variety of symptoms of spine diseases during their lifetime that are occasionally managed with conservative or surgical treatments. Accurate diagnosis of the spine pathology is essential for the appropriate management of spine disease, and various imaging modalities can be used for the diagnosis, including radiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other studies such as EOS, bone scan, single photon emission CT/CT, and electrophysiologic test. Patient (or case)-specific selection of the diagnostic modality is crucial; thus, we should be aware of basic information and approaches of the diagnostic modalities. In this review, we discuss in detail, about diagnostic modalities (radiography, CT, MRI, electrophysiologic study, and others) that are widely used for spine disease.

Brown tumor is a histologically benign lesion that is a serious complication of renal osteodystrophy because it may result in severe deformity and discomfort. We report a case of brown tumor, which occurred in a 35-year-old woman with chronic renal failure, who had been treated with hemodialysis for 14 years. The lesion was found on the lingual side of the mandible. Standard panoramic radiograph showed generally decreased bone mineral density, loss of lamina dura, and thin cortical plates. Computed tomography (CT) revealed multilocular expansile lesions with heterogeneous attenuation in the anterior mandible, as well as generalized trabecular alteration with homogeneous sclerosis, and thinning or obliteration of cortical plates. Excision of the mandibular lesion and curettage of the affected bone were performed.
Adult ; Bone Density ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Curettage ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Mandible ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Osteodystrophy ; Sclerosis

BACKGROUND: Aminophylline is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase; it increase the cAMP and, in turn, the level of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. In doing so, it has an antifatigue action. It antagonizes nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade in animals, and has been anecdotally noted to do so in humans, as well. We investigated the interaction of aminophylline and vecuronium on the dose response curve in vitro. METHODS: Institutional approval was obtained. Thirty seven male Spague Dawley rats (150~200 g) were divided into four groups (control, aminophylline 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 microgram/ml). The animal were anesthetized with 40 mg/kg phentobarbital. The left hemidiaphragm with phrenic nerve was dissected and mounted within 5 minutes in bath containing 100 ml Krebs solution at 32oC. The phrenic nerve was stimulated at supramaximal intensity by a Grass S88 stimulator through an SIU5 isolation unit. The twitch height was measured by precalibrated Grass FT03 force displacement transducer and recorded. After stabilization of twitch response, vecuronium was added to the solution to obtained an initial concentration 1.0 microgram/ml with aminophylline 0, 2.5, 5.0, or 7.5 microgram/ml. When a stable 3~5 twitch was obtained after first dose, additional vecuronium was added to the Krebs solution in increments of 0.5 microgram/ml to achieve a more than 90% neuromuscular block. The data were analyzed by repeated measures of ANOVA and kappa2 test. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in the effective dose of vecuronium needed to depress the twitch response in aminophylline 5.0 and 7.5 microgram/ml added groups compared with control group and aminophylline 2.5 microgram/ml group. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that aminophylline shows decreased sensitivity to vecuronium in the phrenic nerve diaphragm preparation of rats.
Acetylcholine ; Aminophylline* ; Animals ; Baths ; Diaphragm ; Humans ; Male ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Neuromuscular Junction ; Phrenic Nerve ; Poaceae ; Rats* ; Transducers ; Vecuronium Bromide*

To understand the mutational patterns and mechanism of short tandem repeats (STRs), 160 familial identification positive cases were checked by PAGE & silver stain. Mutations were observed in the 7 families at 6 STR loci (4 in autosomal STR loci and 2 in Y-STR loci). Alleles of each case observed mutation were re-amplified by PCR, and cloned. Each allele was sequenced by ABI 310 sequencer. There were 6 out of 7 pedigrees in which the 'new'alleles gained or lost a single repeat unit (4 gains, 2 losses). Only one pedigree (case 5-DYS464) gains one new allele. Double step mutations event or more than were not occurred. In the 5 pedigrees (autosomal locus), there were 3 pedigrees whose 'new'alleles came from fathers, 1 from mothers, 1 from either father or mother. The ratio was 4 : 1 or 3 : 2 between fathers and mothers. The mutation of 7 STR loci, except for case 4-DYS 448 ('AGAGAT'in DYS464), occurred in the long, uninterrupted tetranucleotide repeat regions ( 'AGAT'& 'AGAC'in D12S391, 'AAAG'in ACTBP2, 'ATAG'in D19S253, 'CCTT'in DYS464 and 'CTTT'in FGA). Father's age seems not to be related to occurrence of mutation event. The features of mutation in STR loci are important in forensic application such as the definition of criteria for exclusion in kinship identification case and the interpretation of DNA profiles in identification analysis.
Alleles ; Clone Cells ; DNA ; Fathers ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Mothers ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Silver

PURPOSE: This study has been conducted in order to examine the oral health status and dental prostheses status, and the effects of dental prostheses to the oral health related quality of life among the elderly using social welfare centers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this purpose, the researcher conducted a questionnaire survey and oral examination of 275 samples of old persons using 7 social welfare centers located in Daejeon metropolitan city. The oral health related quality of life was measured by GOHAI (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index). RESULTS: 1. The less age and the more education and the more subjective economic status and living with spouse of family status, the higher GOHAI showed. 2. Mean age of first using of removable denture is 62.11 years old and average life cycle of removable denture is 10.76years. 57.5% of study subjects use removable denture and complete denture user of study subjects are 13.8%. 3. In the case that they use fixed prostheses rather than removable ones and in the complete denture they use both sides (upper and lower) rather than single side, showed higher GOHAI. 4. In the case that they showed higher degrees of satisfaction with dental prostheses and can use them always and showed no necessity for new dental prostheses and denture adaptation is good, GOHAI showed higher. CONCLUSION: In order to improve oral health related quality of life among the elderly who have many missing teeth, it is required to restore their masticatory ability to the normal level by restoring the missing teeth which has lost its function through providing proper dental prostheses.
Aged ; Dental Prosthesis ; Denture, Complete ; Dentures ; Diagnosis, Oral ; Humans ; Life Cycle Stages ; Oral Health ; Prostheses and Implants ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Social Welfare ; Spouses ; Tooth