No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

Cervicography is an adjunct method of cervical cancer screenign intended to complement papanicolaou smear. Cervicography involves obtaing and evalutionag a photographic image of the cervix.the purpose of this investigation was to evalute the efficacy of cervicography in cervicla cancer screening. Papanicolaou smear and cervigram data were obtainde for 169 patients who visited Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam Nationa University Hospital form September 1995 to march 1996. Those women in whom abnormalities were detected by either test subsequently obtained histologic specimen.the resunt wre as follows:1. the sensitivity and the specificity of cervicography was 78.8% and 86.3% respcetively. 2. the positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false negative rate, and false positive rate of cervicography were 71.9%, 90.15%, 13.7%, 21,2% respectively. 3. The sensitivity and the specifictiy of Papanicolaou smear was 84.6% and 92.3% respectivesly. 4. the positivie predictive value, negative predictive value, false negative rate, and false positive rate of Papanicoloau smear were 83.0%, 93.1%, 7.7%, 15.4% respecitively. 5. There was no significant difference between the sensitiviey and the specificity of cervicography and Papanicolaou smear (p=0.449, p=0.139) 6. When cervicography and Papanicolaou smear were used donjointly, the sensitivity was higher than for cervicography or Papanicolaou smear used alone (96.1% vs 78.8% p= 0.008, 96.1% vs 86.3%. p=0.047) However the specificity of the combined tests was lower than Papanicicolaou smear(80.3% vs 92.3% p=0.008). Cervicography is a useful method to detect cevical cancer. Howerver when cervigrams are used in conjuction with Papanicolaou smear, the detection rate of cervical cancer will be increased.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Complement System Proteins ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Obstetrics ; Papanicolaou Test ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

Cervicography is an adjunct method of cervical cancer screenign intended to complement papanicolaou smear. Cervicography involves obtaing and evalutionag a photographic image of the cervix.the purpose of this investigation was to evalute the efficacy of cervicography in cervicla cancer screening. Papanicolaou smear and cervigram data were obtainde for 169 patients who visited Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam Nationa University Hospital form September 1995 to march 1996. Those women in whom abnormalities were detected by either test subsequently obtained histologic specimen.the resunt wre as follows:1. the sensitivity and the specificity of cervicography was 78.8% and 86.3% respcetively. 2. the positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false negative rate, and false positive rate of cervicography were 71.9%, 90.15%, 13.7%, 21,2% respectively. 3. The sensitivity and the specifictiy of Papanicolaou smear was 84.6% and 92.3% respectivesly. 4. the positivie predictive value, negative predictive value, false negative rate, and false positive rate of Papanicoloau smear were 83.0%, 93.1%, 7.7%, 15.4% respecitively. 5. There was no significant difference between the sensitiviey and the specificity of cervicography and Papanicolaou smear (p=0.449, p=0.139) 6. When cervicography and Papanicolaou smear were used donjointly, the sensitivity was higher than for cervicography or Papanicolaou smear used alone (96.1% vs 78.8% p= 0.008, 96.1% vs 86.3%. p=0.047) However the specificity of the combined tests was lower than Papanicicolaou smear(80.3% vs 92.3% p=0.008). Cervicography is a useful method to detect cevical cancer. Howerver when cervigrams are used in conjuction with Papanicolaou smear, the detection rate of cervical cancer will be increased.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Complement System Proteins ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Obstetrics ; Papanicolaou Test ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

BACKGROUND: In congenital heart disease, the lung perfusion through stenosed pulmonary artery is usually decreased. And this decrement of lung perfusion also occurs with diaphragmatic palsy after the operation of congenital heart disease. It is difficult to delineate the amount of lung perfusion in case of combination of pulmonary artery stenosis and diaphragmatic palsy. We examined the change of lung perfusion after the induction of diaphragmatic palsy in rabbits. METHODS: We dissected left phrenic nerves in 20 rabbits to induce left diaphragmatic palsy. The lung perfusion scan was performed with 99mTc-MAA and the movement of diaphragm was examined with fluoroscopy. They were performed as baseline data and on 3rd and 10th day postoperatively. The amount of left lung pefusion before and after diaphragmatic palsy was compared and analysed in 12 rabbits which definitely had diaphragmatic palsy. RESULTS: Weight of the rabbits was 1.65+/-0.26 kg. Left lung perfusion percent was 45.93+/-6.42% before operation and these were 32.48+/-6.09% and 37.62+/-3.39% on the 3rd and 10th postoperative day, respectively. Left lung perfusion was significantly decreased just after diaphragmatic palsy but it was not changed thereafter. The decrement of lung perfusion was not affected by the body weight. The decreased amount of left lung perfusion was reciprocally correlated with the body weight of the rabbits on the postoperative 3rd day but not 10th day. CONCLUSION: Left lung perfusion percent of the rabbits was decreased 7% with the induction of diaphragmatic palsy and the decreased amount was reciprocally correlated with the body weight just after the diaphragmatic palsy was induced.
Body Weight ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diaphragm ; Fluoroscopy ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Lung* ; Paralysis* ; Perfusion* ; Phrenic Nerve ; Pulmonary Artery ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVE: It is well known that X-ray induces follicular atresia, but the exact mechanism of atresia is not still unveiled completely. In addition, the role of macrophage related with clean-up the dead granulosa cells and other functions within the ovarian follicle is emphasized recently. The aim of this study is to assess the radiation-induced morphological changes of ovarian follicles and follicular macrophages. METHODS: 8 Gy X-ray irradiated on the 3-week old rats (Sprague-Dawley strain), sacrificed at 6, 12, and 24 hours after irradiation, and performed morphological studies with light and transmission electron microscopy, TUNEL, and macrophage immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Follicular atresia increased significantly (p<0.01) at 6 hours after X-irradiation, and it was decreased significantly (p<0.01) at 12 and 24 hours after irradiation. X-ray induced chromatin condensation in the nucleus and nuclear fragmentation of granulosa cells, which were the typical features of apoptosis. Apoptotic granulosa cells were phagocytosed by the neighboring normal granulosa cells and the macrophages. During atresia of follicles, radioresistant granulosa cells were found in some follicles, which showed similar features morphologically with the granulosa cells of normal follicles. Macrophages were found both within the antrum and at the follicular granulosa layer. CONCLUSION: X-radiation induced follicular atresia by means of granulosa cell apoptosis, and radioresistant granulosa cells which have similar features morphologically with the granulosa cells of normal follicles were observed in some follicles. And the macrophages which phagocytose the apoptotic granulosa cells were located within the follicular antrum and at the follicular granulosa layer.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Chromatin ; Female ; Follicular Atresia* ; Granulosa Cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Macrophages* ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Ovarian Follicle ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Rats

A 70-year old man presented with postprandial upper abdominal pain of two months duration, accompanied by indigestion, weight loss, and anorexia. There was no abnormality noted in the lab results. Abdominal CT showed a 3-cm round cystic mass in the tail of the pancreas. A distal pancreatectomy was done. The patient was discharged in 9 days. The cystic wall was composed of a keratinizing squamous epithelium surrounded by subepithelial, dense lymphoid tissue. Some clusters of the sebaceous gland were noted but there was no sweat gland or hair follicle. These findings were consistent with a lymphoepiethelial cyst with sebaceous differentiation. The patient was followed up for 12 months post operatively, and no recurrence was noted.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Anorexia ; Dermoid Cyst* ; Dyspepsia ; Epithelium ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatectomy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Recurrence ; Sebaceous Glands ; Sweat Glands ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Weight Loss

A 70-year old man presented with postprandial upper abdominal pain of two months duration, accompanied by indigestion, weight loss, and anorexia. There was no abnormality noted in the lab results. Abdominal CT showed a 3-cm round cystic mass in the tail of the pancreas. A distal pancreatectomy was done. The patient was discharged in 9 days. The cystic wall was composed of a keratinizing squamous epithelium surrounded by subepithelial, dense lymphoid tissue. Some clusters of the sebaceous gland were noted but there was no sweat gland or hair follicle. These findings were consistent with a lymphoepiethelial cyst with sebaceous differentiation. The patient was followed up for 12 months post operatively, and no recurrence was noted.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Anorexia ; Dermoid Cyst* ; Dyspepsia ; Epithelium ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatectomy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Recurrence ; Sebaceous Glands ; Sweat Glands ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Weight Loss

BACKGROUND: Adenocarcinoma arising in the body or tail of the pancreas tends to be metastasized at the time of diagnosis, is mostly in inoperable stage, and poor in prognosis. In this study, we evaluated the adenocarcinoma arising in the body or tail of the pancreas and investigated the prognostic factors and ideal treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 33 patients who were cytologically or histologically confirmed as adenocarcinoma in the body or tail of the pancreas at Samsung Medical Center from October 1994 to December 1999. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients in the resectable and unresectable groups were 63.4 and 60.6 year-old, respectively. The mean CA19-9 level was higher in unresectable group (5166.2u/ml), compared to the resectable group (964.7u/ml).(p=0.039) In the resectable group, the body was the most common location of the tumor, and in the unresectable patient group, the tail was more prevalent.(p= 0.021) The mean survival time of the resectable group was 15.1months. The univariate analysis of the resectale group showed that the age, sex, lymph node metastasis, chemotheraeutic modalities, radiotherapeutic modalities, and the location of tumor were not significantly related with the prognosis. In unresetable group, the mean survival time was 6.4months. The mean survival time were 3.3 months in patients over 60 year-old and 9.9 months in patients less than 60, showing statistically significant difference.( p=0.007) The mean survival time were 12.2 months and 3.4 months in patients who received the chemotherapy and who did not, respetively.(p=0.004) Evaluating the relationship between the extent of metastasis and survival, the mean survival length of single metastasis was 9.3 months, showing significantly higher survival length compared that of multiple metastasis.(p=0.027) Patient's sex, radiotherapeutic modality and location of the tumor were not significantly related with the prognosis. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factor showed that the patietnt's age (p=0,842), the extent of metastasis( p=0.458), and chemotherapeutic modality (p=0.078) were unrelated with prognosis. CONCLUSION: In adenocarcinoma arising in the body and tail of the pancreas, the CA19-9 level and tumor location could be utilized as indicating factors of the operability of the tumor. Age, sex, lymph node metastasis, and location of the adenocarcinoma are not significantly related with the survival length in both the resectable and unresectable groups. Also, in both groups, the chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic modalities were not related with the survival length.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Prognosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: This study was carried out to survey the serum anti-PRP titers after the completion of a primary series with 3 doses of the PRP-T conjugate vaccine(ACT-HIBTM), to evaluate the necessity of booster vaccination. METHODS: One hundred twenty healthy infants who went for consultations at Moon Hwa hospital between December 1999 to May 2001 were vaccinated at two, four and six months after birth. The serum antibody levels were measured at 7-8 months and 19-20 months of age by the "Farr" type of radioimmunological method at Aventis Pasteur International in France. RESULTS: The geometric mean of Anti-PRP titers were 24.6 microgram/mL at 7-8 months and then fell to 2.10 microgram/mL at 19-20 months. Minimum Anti-PRP titer was 0.75 microgram/mL at 7-8 months, and 0.1 microgram/mL at 19-20 months. Maximum Anti- PRP titer was 99.2 microgram/mL at 7-8 months, and 9.1 microgram/mL at 19-20 months. Subjects of Anti-PRP titers more than 0.15 microgram/mL were 100% at 7-8 months, and 97.0% at 19-20 months, and subjects of Anti-PRP titers more than 1.0 microgram/mL were 98.3% at 7-8 months, and 61.6% at 19-20 months. CONCLUSION: The Anti-PRP titers at 7-8 months were very high but rapidly decreased at 19-20 months of age, so the necessity of booster vaccination could be considered in Korean children.
Child ; France ; Haemophilus influenzae* ; Haemophilus* ; Humans ; Infant ; Parturition ; Referral and Consultation ; Vaccination*

OBJECTIVE: Recent epidemiologic studies indicate that use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) activity reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. COX-2 expression has been identified in cancers of many organs. There are also many reports that identify COX-2 expression and its possible role in tumorigenesis in cervical cancers. This study was performed to determine wether COX-2 is expressed in cervical cancer and to evaluate the value of COX-2 as a predictor of treatment results. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 34 cases of stage IB to IVA cervical cancer and 22 cases of normal cervical specimens obtained through biopsy or surgery at the Chungnam National University Hospital. A COX-2 immunohistochemical stain was performed on these specimens. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference of COX-2 positivity between the cervical cancer group and a control group (p=0.01, Fisher's exact test), between the well controlled group and the treatment failure group (p=0.00, Fisher's exact test) and among stages (p=0.01, linear-by-linear association). The COX-2 positive group had a mean overall survival time of 55 months compared with 80 months for COX-2 negative group (p=0.00, log-rank test). The Locally advanced cervical cancer group (stage IIB-IV A) had a mean overall survival time of 46 months compared with 84 months for early stage disease group (stage IB, II A) (p=0.00, log-rank test). A Cox regression model showed that COX-2 positivity and clinical stages retained independent roles in predicting treatment results and prognosis. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of COX-2 expression in cervical cancer patients is valuable for predicting the treatment results and prognosis.
Biopsy ; Carcinogenesis ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; Treatment Failure ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms