No abstract available.
Humans

Various anatomical defects have been described in the surviving co-twin who had stillborn, macerated monozygotic co-twin with disseminated intravascular coagulation. The suggested mechanism was the transfer of emboli or thromboplastic materials of dead fetus to co-twin through placental vascular anastomoses. Multicystic encephalomalacia is the condition defined anatomically by the presence of multiple cavities in the great part of both cerebral hemispheres. The most common pathogenesis is circulatory disturbance caused by neonatal asphyxia during the perinatal period. We experienced two cases of monozygotic twin with deceased co-twin at 26 weeks, 33 weeks of gestation and confirmed the diffuse multicystic encephalomalacia by cranial ultrasonography and MRI in a surviving co-twin. Only one patient has been followed who showed spastic cerebral palsy and severe mental retardation. We report two cases of multicystic encephalomalacia in a surviring co-twin with a intrauterine fetal death and its related literatures.
Asphyxia ; Cerebral Palsy ; Cerebrum ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Encephalomalacia* ; Fetal Death* ; Fetus ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Twins, Monozygotic ; Ultrasonography

A comparative observation was done on 139 patients of the lower ureteral stone, those were applied cystoscopic manipulation with 3 different types of stone dislodger at the Department of Urology, Seoul Adventist Hospital, during the periods from Jan. 1982 to June 1985. During that periods, we applied end-loop catheter in 48 patients, blunt-tip Dormia basket in 38 patients. The results were as follows; 1. The success rate of passage of dislodger beyond the stone was the highest in filiform-tip Dormia basket (97.4%) and loop catheter was the lowest (8l.3%). 2. The success rate of the primary stone extraction with filiform-tip Dormia basket was the highest (86.8%). 3. Indwelling of the dislodger in the ureter loop catheter was the most successful method among them(62.5%). 4. Of the cases of passage beyond the stone, the success rates of the stone extraction were very high and similar in their results, as in 92.3% with loop catheter, in 90.9% with blunt-tip Dormia basket, in 91.9% with filiform-tip Dormia basket. 5. The overall success rate of stone extraction was 75.0% in loop catheter, 75.5% in blunt-tip Dormia basket 89.5% in filiform-tip Dormia basket.
Catheters ; Humans ; Seoul ; Ureter ; Urolithiasis ; Urology

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Pheochromocytoma*

Cimetidine, an H-histamine receptor antagonist, has been advocated to have enhancing effect on delayed type hypersensitivity. However, some recent reports have caused controversial opinion regarding the effect of cimetidine on delayed type hypersensitivity assessed in vivo. In this study the effect of cimetidine at the various periods of contact sersitivity reaction (CSR) to DNCB was assessed in guinea pigs. Three groups of five guinea pigs were sensitized with DNCB in the nuchal region and challenged with DNCB in the back on 16th day after sensitization, Cimetidine, 300mg/3ml/kg, was injected intraperitoneally once a day for the duration of different periods. For the first group, cimetidine was injected during the first 10 days after sensitization to assess its effect on the preparative and recognition phase of the induction period of CSR, For the second group, cimetidine was injected from the 6th to the 16th day to evaluate the enhancing effect of cimetidine on CSR at the period when suppressor T-cells were considered to be active. For the third group, cimetidine was injected for the last 3 days before elicitation test to assess the effect of short term treatment of cimetidine on the established CSR to DNCB. For the elicitation, two different consentrations of DNCB were applied on the three sites along both sides of the spine in the back. Total means of the degree of CSR elicited by DNCB were significanly ircreased by cimetidine in the second and third groups (p<0.05). These enhancing effects of cimetidine on CSR were more prominent at the uppermost back than other sites, eliclted by 0.05% DNCB rather than 0.01% DNCB.
Animals ; Cimetidine* ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Dinitrochlorobenzene ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Hypersensitivity ; Spine ; T-Lymphocytes

Spontaneous rupture of subcapsular liver hematoma in pregnancy is rare but potential life threatening complication of preeclampsia. We experienced a case of spontaneous rupture of subcapsular hematoma of liver that was treated with conservative method. So, we present the case with a brief review of literatures as first report in Korea.
Hematoma* ; Korea ; Liver* ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy* ; Rupture, Spontaneous

No abstract available.
Bone Conduction* ; Ear, Middle* ; Otitis Media* ; Otitis* ; Pathology* ; Temporal Bone*

No abstract available.

Background: Conventional laryngoscopy with Macintosh blade requires a movement of the head, neck and cervical spine. The Bullard laryngoscope is an anatomically shaped, potentially eliminating the need for cervical spine extension. Bullard and Macintosh laryngoscopes were compared by measuring the degree of cervical spine extension by radiological measurement. Methods: Eighteen patients requiring endotracheal intubation were studied. Anesthesia was induced in neutral head position followed by laryngoscopy. Each patients was intubated two times by Macintosh and Bullard laryngoscope in random order. Radiographic evaluation was performed to determine the degree of cervical spine extension on four occasions; before induction, during facial mask ventilation, and during Bullard and Macintosh laryngoscopy. Results: The extension of cervical spine was significantly less following Bullard laryngoscopy than Macintosh laryngoscopy for best view (p<0.05). Conclusions: The Bullard laryngoscope can be used with less cervical spine extension than Macintosh laryngoscope. It may be useful in patients in whom cervical spine movement is limited or undesirable.
Anesthesia ; Head ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngoscopes ; Laryngoscopy* ; Masks ; Neck ; Spine* ; Ventilation

BACKGROUND: Due to severe pain after open thoracotmy, the postoperative pain control is essential to decrease pulmonary complications, and improve a patient's recovery. This study compared the surgical outcome of patients who had undergone open thoracotomy, and been managed with two different analgesic methods. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was carried out regarding 81 patients who had undergone open thoracotomy due to lung cancer. 41 of these patients has received continuous thoracic epidural analgesia with 0.1% bupivacaine and 0.3 mg/ml morphine at a rate of 2 ml/hr for postthoracotomy pain control (CTEA group). The remaining 40 patients has received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with 1% meperidine (IV-PCA group). We compared the effects of the postoperative pain control in the two groups and the outcomes, including the pulmonary complications and durations of hospital stay. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in demographic data between the two groups. Supplemental analgesic requirements and postoperative pulmonary complications were significantly lower in the CTEA group than in the IV-PCA group. There were no significant statistical differences between the two groups in the durations of their hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the continuous thoracic epidural infusion provided better postthoracotomy analgesia and surgical outcomes than intravenous patient controlled analgesia.
Analgesia ; Analgesia, Epidural ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Bupivacaine ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Lung Neoplasms ; Meperidine ; Morphine ; Pain, Postoperative ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracotomy*