The clinical studies were performen on 304 patients with heart disease who had been received corrective heart surgery at Kosin Medical Center from July, 1984 to December, 1991. The results were as follows: 1) Out of 304 patients, 162 cases (53.3%) were male and 142 cases (46.7%) were female and sex ratio was 1.15:1. 35 cases (11.5%) had clinical cyanosis and 269 cases (88.5%) had no evidence of cyanosis. 2) As age distribution of patients, under 2 years, 3~5 years, 6~10 years, 11~15 years, 16~18 years consist of 22.0%, 26.0%, 29.0%, 16.1% and 6.9%, respectively. 3) As disease distribution, out 304 patients, ventricular septal defect (57.9% of all) was the most common disease, and then atrial septal defect (13.2%), tetralogy of Fallot (11.2%), patent ductus arteriosus (9.9%) and pulmonic stenosis (5.3%), in their order. 4) As sex distribution of each disease, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot were more common in male and patent ductus arteriosus and pulmonic stenosis were more common in female. 5) The most frequent cardiac anomaly associated with ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect was pulmonic stenosis. In the case of subarterial ventricular septal defect, aortic insufficiency was associated in 13.3%. 6) Respiratory problems (11.3%), tricuspid regurgitation (9.5%), arrhythmia (6.2%) and congestive heart failure (5.8%) were the major complications after surgery. 7) Case fatality reat was 4.4%. Mortality rate in ventricular septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot and tricuspid atresia were 1.7%, 20.6% and 100%, respectively, Majority (75.0%) of expired patients were died within 24 hours after sugery and the cause of death was hypoxia due to low cardiac output syndrome.
Age Distribution ; Anoxia ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Cardiac Output, Low ; Cause of Death ; Cyanosis ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Female ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart Failure ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart* ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Sex Distribution ; Sex Ratio ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Thoracic Surgery ; Tricuspid Atresia ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency

Fibrous hamartoma of infancy (FHI) is an uncommon, benign, solitary intradermal or subcutaneous tumor. It occurs typically in the axillary or shoulder region. The histopathologic examination of affected lesion shows the characteristic elements: dense fibrous tissue, adipose tissue, and primitive mesenchymal tissues. A 15 month-old girl had the multiple, asymptomatic, discrete, and skin-colored tumors that scattered on the scalp. These were present at birth. We report a rare case of FHI occurred on the scalp with multiple and congenital characteristics.
Adipose Tissue ; Female ; Hamartoma* ; Humans ; Parturition ; Scalp ; Shoulder

BACKGROUND: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a severe gas-forming infection of renal parenchyma with high mortality and its adequate treatment modality remains controversial. There have been only a limited number of studies about EPN, particularly in Korea. Therefore, we present our experience in patients with EPN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients that were diagnosed with EPN between January 1999 and June 2010 at a single medical center were retrospectively evaluated. Patient characteristics, causative pathogens, clinical features, complications, and mortality rates as modalities of managements and radiological classes of EPN were analyzed. RESULTS: All of the 24 patients selected for the study were diabetic. Twenty-one patients were positive at urine culture and Escherichia coli (85.7%) was the predominant pathogen identified. Of the 24 patients, 17 were managed by broad-spectrum antibiotics and percutaneous renal drainage, whereas 7 were managed by direct nephrectomy. The total mortality rates were 12.5%, regardless of the modalities of management. The mortality rates were 12.5% in Class 3A and 40% in Class 3B, according to computed tomography (CT) findings. CONCLUSIONS: Although conservative treatment included antibiotics, and percutaneous renal drainage offered an effective therapy for EPN, nephrectomy should be considered in patients with Class 3 EPN.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Drainage ; Escherichia coli ; Humans ; Korea ; Nephrectomy ; Pyelonephritis ; Retrospective Studies

The foreign bodies in the upper GI tract are produced chiefly by accidental swallowing and rarely produce symptoms. But it is recommended to remove the foreign bodies if they produce symptoms or retained in GI tract for long duration, and if they have the possibilities of producing complications. Nowadays the development of therapeutic endoscopy enables the removal of the foreign bodies easily. We have reviewed 88 cases of foreign bodies diagnosed by endoscopy from January, 1980 to July 1990 and had the following results. 1) The most common foreign bodies were coins and bezoars, common with the ages under 10 years and over 50 years. 2) The foreign bodies were found in the upper gastrointestinal tract in the order of stomach, esophagus and duodenum. 3) The esophageal stricture especially by lye was the most common underlying cause of upper gastrointestinal foreign bodies. 4) The symptoms and complications were more common with esophageal foreign bodies. 5) By therapeutic endoscopy, the success rate for removal of foreign bodies was 98%.
Bezoars ; Deglutition ; Duodenum ; Endoscopy* ; Esophageal Stenosis ; Esophagus ; Foreign Bodies* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Lye ; Numismatics ; Stomach ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract*

No abstract available.
Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Female ; Ovary* ; Teratoma*

BACKGROUND: The Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK) solution has been shown to provide the excellent myocardial protection as a cardioplegia. The HTK solution has relatively low potassium as an arresting agent of myocardium, and low sodium content, and high concentration of histidine biological buffer which confer a buffering capacity superior to that of blood. Since HTK solution has an excellent myocardial protective ability, it is reported to protect myocardium from ischemia for a considerable time (120 minutes) with the single infusion of HTK solution as a cardioplegia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of HTK solution on myocardium when the ischemia is exceeding 120 minutes at two different temperature (10 to 12degrees C, 22 to 24degrees C) using the Langendorff apparatus. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Hearts from Sprague-Dawley rat, weighing 300 to 340 g, were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution at a perfusion pressure of 100 cm H2O. After the stabilization, the heart rate, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), and coronary flow were measured. Single dose of HTK solution was infused into the ascending aorta of isolated rat heart and hearts were preserved at four different conditions. In group 1 (n=10), hearts were preserved at deep hypothermia (10~12degrees C) for 2 hours, in group 2 (n=10), hearts were preserved at moderate hypothermia (22~24degrees C) for 2 hours, in group 3 (n=10), hearts were preserved at deep hypothermia for 3 hours, and in group 4 (n=10), hearts were preserved at moderate hypothermia for 3 hours. After the completion of the preservation, the heart rate, left ventricular developed pressure, and coronary flow were measured at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes after the initiation of reperfusion to assess the cardiac function. Biopsies were also done and mitochondrial scores were counted in two cases of each group for ultrastructural assessment. RESULT: The present study showed that the change of heart rate was not different between group 1 and group 2, and group 1 and group 3. The heart rate was significantly decreased at 15 minutes in group 4 compared to that of group 1 (p<0.05 by ANCOVA). The heart rate was recovered at 30 minutes and 45 minutes in group 4 with no significant difference compared to that of group 1. The decrease of LVDP was significant at 15 minutes, 30 minutes and 45 minutes in group 4 compared to that of group 1 (p<0.001 by ANCOVA). Coronary flow was significantly decreased at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes in group 4 compared to that of group 1 (p<0.001 by ANCOVA). In ultrastructural assessment, the mean myocardial mitochondrial scores in group 1, group 2, group 3, and group 4 were 1.02+/-0.29, 1.52+/-0.26, 1.56+/-0.45, 2.22+/-0.44 respectively. CONCLUSION: The HTK solution provided excellent myocardial protection regardless of myocardial temperature for 2 hours. But, when ischemic time exceeded 2 hours, the myocardial hemodynamic function and ultrastructural changes were significantly deteriorated at moderate hypotherma (22~24degrees C). This indicates that it is recommended to decrease myocardial temperature when myocardial ischemic time exceeds 2 hours with single infusion of HTK solution as a cardioplegia.
Animals ; Aorta ; Biopsy ; Cardioplegic Solutions ; Heart Arrest, Induced ; Heart Rate ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics ; Histidine ; Hypothermia ; Ischemia ; Myocardium ; Organ Preservation ; Perfusion ; Potassium ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion ; Sodium

PURPOSE: Differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodule with cavity includes lung abscess, tuberculoma, bronchogenic carcinoma, metastasis and trauma, etc. We analyzed the CT appearance of tubercuioma presenting as a solitary pulmonary nodule with cavity and describe the findings which suggest tuberculoma in the differential dignosis of soliary pulmonary nodule with cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 25 patients with solitary pulmonary nodule(diameter less than 4 cm) without surrounding parenchymal consolidation on chest radiograph, who had a cavity within the nodule on CT, were included in our study. Density of the nodule, maximal wall thickness, the character of inner and outer wall margin, location of cavity within the nodule, location of the nodule, presence or absence of satellite lesions and calcification were analyzed. RESULTS: Solitary tuberculoma with cavity showed maximal wall thickness more than 15 mm in 40%(10/25) and 5-14 mm in 56%(14/25), eccentric cavitation in 84%(21/25) and concentric cavitation in 16%(4/25), spiculated outer wall margin in 56%(14/15) and Iobulated margin in 32%(8/25), smooth inner wall margin in 60%(15/25) and nodular margin in 40%(10/25). CT density of the cavity wall compared with the chest wall muscle was low in 84%(21/25) and isodense in 16%(4/25). Accompanying satellite lesions were seen in 84% (21/25) and calcification was visible in 28%(7/25). CONCLUSION: The CT findings of solitary tuberculoma with cavity are relative peripheral location, eccentric cavitation, finely spiculated outer wall margin, and mean maximal wall thickness of 13.2 mm, which are also the common features of malignant nodule. However, relative low density of the nodule compared to the chest wall muscle and surrounding satellite lesions can be additional clues favoring solitary tuberculoma with cavity on CT.
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Lung Abscess ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ; Thoracic Wall ; Tuberculoma*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Ectopia Cordis*

No abstract available.
Weight Gain*