No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*

No abstract available.
Bleomycin* ; Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Etoposide* ; Germ Cells* ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal*

No abstract available.

Superficial siderosis (SS) of the central nervous system is a rare disease, which is caused by the accumulation of iron from the hemoglobin in the superficial layer of the brain, spinal cord, and central parts of cranial nerves. The etiology of SS is the accumulation of hemosiderin in the subarachnoid space due to chronic or repeated hemorrhage resulting in progressive and irreversible neurological dysfunction. The cause of the disease is aneurysm, trauma, tumor, and vascular malformation. In most cases, the cause of bleeding is unknown. Clinical features include sensorineural hearing loss, cerebellar ataxia, and myelopathy. Until now, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has only been diagnosed and there is no standardized treatment. We will investigate clinical features and MRI findings of SS disease in the central nervous system using 2 patient cases.
Aneurysm ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Cerebellar Ataxia ; Cranial Nerves ; Dizziness ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Hemorrhage ; Hemosiderin ; Humans ; Iron ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Rare Diseases ; Siderosis ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Subarachnoid Space ; Vascular Malformations ; Vertigo

PURPOSE: Rat arthritis was induced by bovine type II collagen. To present the remedial effects on type II collagen arthritis and clinical efficacy, a high dose of methotrexate, of a level similar to that used in cancer patients was given to rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthy male Brown Norway rats were used, of mean weight; 300 g. There were 7 subgroups: a control group, given collagen only, an orally methotrexate treated (2.5mg/week), high methotrexate dose groups; 10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and a low dose methotrexate group (0.375 mg/kg/week, 4 times) were included in the present study. Type II collagen was injected for arthritis induction and a single intraperitoneal injection of methotrexate was administered after 15 days. Orally treated group was administered 4 times (2.5 mg/week). Histopathologic findings were evaluated. RESULTS: 50 mg/kg methotrexate was effectively reduced the arthritis index and significantly decreased inflammatory cell number between 2nd and 6 weeks. CONCLUSION: A high dose of methotrexate may be clinically effective in the short period treatment of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Animals ; Arthritis* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Cell Count ; Collagen ; Collagen Type II* ; Humans ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Male ; Methotrexate* ; Norway ; Rats*

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis of transplanted/grafted bone is well known in the immediate post bone transplantation/bone grafting period. In limb transplantation, the growth plates in the transplanted limbs retain their longitudinal growth properties. However, there is a paucity of reports on what happens to the bone and the growth potential of the growth plate when limb transplantation between a juvenile donor and an adult recipient is performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten juvenile to juvenile hind limb transplants and five juvenile to adult hind limb transplants were performed in male syngeneic Lewis rats. Osteoporosis in the isochronograft as well as the heterochronograft limbs was measured by 3D micro-CT. In addition, the increase in tibial length, after transplantation was measured and compared with the increase in the tibial length of the opposite non-operated limbs. RESULTS: The 3D CT parameters indicate a significantly inferior bone quality in the heterochronografts compared with the isochronografts. After transplantation, the increase in the tibial length of the isochronografts was similar the increase in length of the opposite juvenile non operated tibiae and the heterochronograft tibias. CONCLUSION: Age is a significant factor that affects the bone quality, resulting in post transplant osteoporosis in heterochronografts compared with isochronografts. However, the growth plate after transplantation remains unaffected by the difference in age and continues to grow at its own inherent rate in adult recipients as it does in the juvenile recipients.
Adult ; Animals* ; Extremities* ; Growth Plate* ; Humans ; Male* ; Osteoporosis ; Rats* ; Tibia ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation ; Transplants

Lacrimal fistula (LF) is a rare abnormality of the lacrimal system. Patients with LF are usually asymptomatic, and thus, treatment is unnecessary. During surgery on a patient with LF, the fistula may fall into the range of dissection. In such cases, fistula management becomes important. A 19-year-old woman visited our department to receive incisional blepharoplasty and medial epicanthoplasty, and a preoperative physical examination revealed LF. During surgery, we found the fistula tract to be within the dissection field, and thus, the LF was cut and cauterized. One year after the surgery, inflammation and hypertrophy of the remnant lacrimal duct occurred. The wound was stabilized by creating an opening that reconnected the stump and the overlying skin. Through this case, we hope to establish the appropriate strategy for managing LF detected during medial epicanthoplasty. As seen in our case, cauterization should be avoided because of the high recurrence rate of LF. Instead, as definitive treatment, fistulectomy should be performed, or the fistula should be moved along with the skin flap when a small skin flap is transferred.
Blepharoplasty ; Cautery ; Female ; Fistula* ; Hope ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Inflammation ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Physical Examination ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Wounds and Injuries ; Young Adult

Lacrimal fistula (LF) is a rare abnormality of the lacrimal system. Patients with LF are usually asymptomatic, and thus, treatment is unnecessary. During surgery on a patient with LF, the fistula may fall into the range of dissection. In such cases, fistula management becomes important. A 19-year-old woman visited our department to receive incisional blepharoplasty and medial epicanthoplasty, and a preoperative physical examination revealed LF. During surgery, we found the fistula tract to be within the dissection field, and thus, the LF was cut and cauterized. One year after the surgery, inflammation and hypertrophy of the remnant lacrimal duct occurred. The wound was stabilized by creating an opening that reconnected the stump and the overlying skin. Through this case, we hope to establish the appropriate strategy for managing LF detected during medial epicanthoplasty. As seen in our case, cauterization should be avoided because of the high recurrence rate of LF. Instead, as definitive treatment, fistulectomy should be performed, or the fistula should be moved along with the skin flap when a small skin flap is transferred.
Blepharoplasty ; Cautery ; Female ; Fistula* ; Hope ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Inflammation ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Physical Examination ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Wounds and Injuries ; Young Adult

We present a case with rare complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). A pulmonary embolus was detected in a 79-year-old woman with osteoporotic compression fracture after percutaneous verteroplasty. Chest radiography, computed tomography, and ventilation perfusion lung scan con-firmed pulmonary infarction and the presence of PMMA in the pulmonary arteries. She was treated with anticoagulants and responded favorably. Although venous leakage of PMMA has shown to be not uncommon, only a few cases of symptomatic pulmonary embolism have been reported. Adequate preparation of PMMA, optimal injection technique, and confirmation with biplane fluoroscopy are mandatory to minimize this type of complication.
Aged ; Anticoagulants ; Embolism ; Female ; Fluoroscopy ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Lung ; Perfusion ; Polymethyl Methacrylate* ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Pulmonary Infarction ; Radiography ; Thorax ; Ventilation ; Vertebroplasty*