The management of the femoral neck fractures remains a major challenge to the orthopaedic surgeons because there are many critical complications such as non-union and avasular necrosis in spite of the advanced technics of treatment. The posterior comminution of this fracture is known to be an important comtributing factor of these complications as the most important cause of the instalility of reduction after internal fixation as well as difficulty of stable reduction, Authors reviewed 61 cases of the femoral neck fractures which were able to identify the presence or absence of posterior comminution on x-ray or operative findings and were managed at Daegu Fatima Hospital during the 10 years from 1975 to 1984 and the following results were obtained. 1. The incidence of posterior comminution in 61 femoral neck fractures was 56% in x-rays of lateral view and operative findings. 2. Open reductions were performed in 31% of 39 cases in which reductions were necessary for internal fixation and 43% of the fractures with posterior comminution were unstable to reduce by closed method while 88% of the fractures without postrior comminution were reduced by closed method. 3. The positions of reductio were in valgus in 46% and anatomic in the rest of cases and valgus reductions were more common in the cases of posterior comminution. 4. Loss of the reduction after internal fixation noted in 48% of the fractures with posterior comminution and 9% without posterior comminution. 5. 77% of the fractures united including 14% of mal-union and the late complication of non-union noted in 14% and avascular necroris in 9% in 35 cases which were followed for over 1 year. 6. The normal unions were more common in the fractures without posterior comminution, the cases of open reduction and the reduction in valgus position. 7. Most of the mal-unions and non-unions noted in the fractures with posterior comminution, the cases of closed reduction and the reduction in anatomic position. 8. These results suggest that the posterior comminution of the femoral neck fracture causes considerable instability and the better results could be expected in the femoral neck fractures with posterior comminution by the reduction in valgus and by the open reduction if necessary.
Clinical Study ; Daegu ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Incidence ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Surgeons

No abstract available.
Low Back Pain* ; Pregnancy*

Shiitake (Lentinus edodes) is a kind of mushroom which is cooked and eaten as a food in Chinese, Japanese and Korean meals. It is nowadays the second most commonly produced edible mushroom in the world. In 1985, a case characterized by itchy skin eruptions after the ingestion of raw shiitake mushrooms was reported and was termed as toxicodermia. Here we report five cases of shiitake dermatitis which developed after ingestion of raw or cooked shiitake mushrooms. All patients complained of severe itching and showed linear grouped erythematous papules after scratching(Kobner phenomenon). To our knowledge, this is the first report of shiitake dermatitis in the Korean literature.
Agaricales ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Dermatitis* ; Eating ; Humans ; Meals ; Pruritus ; Shiitake Mushrooms ; Skin

No abstract available.

The efficacy and the adverse effects of intravenous iron formulas have been well established. However, there are few reports of anaphylaxis of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM). A man received intravenous FCM for the treatment of restless legs syndrome. The FCM gave rise to angioedema, urticaria, chest tightness, sinus tachycardia, and hypotension. In the end, epinephrine and dexamethasone resolved the symptoms. The findings were consistent with anaphylactic hypersensitivity reaction from FCM. We need to be careful when we administer FCM in clinics.
Anaphylaxis ; Angioedema ; Dexamethasone ; Epinephrine ; Hypersensitivity ; Hypotension ; Iron ; Restless Legs Syndrome ; Tachycardia, Sinus ; Thorax ; Urticaria

Myoepitheliomas of salivary gland occur infrequently and are generally benign. Malignant myoepitheliomas of salivary gland are extremely rare tumor, and increasing number of case reports have shown that malignant myoepitheliomas may either arise de novo or develop in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma. In our case, myoepitheliomas was located in the parotid gland, and tumor cells displayed morphological features of spindle & epithelioid cells. Their clinical behavior by literature seems variable. This case dealt with malignant myoepithelioma of the parotid gland in a 65-year-old man with a relatively favourable course, and was followed up for 2 years and 5 months. In addition, this case illustrates some of the characteristic clinical and pathological features of this rare tumor.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Aged ; Epithelioid Cells ; Humans ; Myoepithelioma* ; Parotid Gland* ; Salivary Glands

The congenital absence of the major salivary glands is an uncommon disorder, although it is not always symptomatic. Their etiopathogenesis is poorly understood. Aplasia of the salivary glands may occur either in isolation or in association with other developmental abnormalities. Some authors have reported familial salivary gland aplasia. Aplasia may be partial or total. Severely affected patients suffer from dry mouth and an increased rate of dental decay. Following clinical exclusion of the cause of these symptoms, the diagnosis of submandibular gland aplasia can be confirmed by computed tomography and a Tc-99m pertechnate scintiscan. The authors experienced a case of incidentally detected, unilateral submandibular glandular aplasia in a 38-year old female. So we present this case with review of literatures.
Adult ; Dental Caries ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Mouth ; Salivary Glands ; Submandibular Gland

This study was carried to determine the possibility of finding motile spermatozoa and fertilization, pregnancy rate after testicular sperm extraction(TESE) with ICSI in obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermic patients. In 154 cases(132 patients), obstructive azoospermia was 77 cases and non-obstructive azoospermia was 77 cases. In obstructive azoospermia, patients generally showed normal spermatogenesis and included vas agenesis(n=8), multiple vas obstruction(n=7), epididymal obstruction (n=54). Total of 982 retrieved oocytes were obtained and 84.4% were injected. The fertilization rates with 2 PN and cleavage rate were 72.5% and 62.3%, .respectively. 30 pregnancies(38.9%) were achieved and the ongoing pregnancies were 22 cases (28.6%). In non-obstructive azoospermia, patients showed hypospermatogenesis(n=49), maturation arrest(n=4), Sertoli cell only syndrome (n=24). The various stages of spermatogenic cell could be retrieved by TESE and could be reached normal fertilization and embryo development with ICSI. Total of 1072 retrieved oocytes obtained and 80.2% were injected. The fertilization rates with 2 PN and cleavage rate were 52.8% and 68.9%, respectively. 22 pregnancies(30.1%) were achieved and the ongoing pregnancies were 19 cases(26.0%). Conclusively, the combination of TESE with ICSI using testicular spermatozoa can achieve normal fertilization and pregnancy rate and effective method in obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermic patients.
Azoospermia ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; Fertilization* ; Humans ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy Rate* ; Pregnancy* ; Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa*

Cytogenetic observations of loss of the distal portion of the Y chromosome long arm were found to be associated with disrupted spermatogenesis. The existence of a gene involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis, the azoospermia factor (AZF), was postulated. In this study, we screened the AZF region including DAZ and DAZH genes and observed the expression pattern of DAZ and DAZH transcript in infertile men with azoospermia and oligospermia by using a sequence-tagged site (STS)-based PCR method. PCR primers were synthesized for 11 STSs that span Yq interval 6, SRY, DAZ, and DAZH, functional DAZ homologue on chromosome 3. Microdeletions were detected in 4/32 (12.5%) azoospermic men and 1/11 (9%) severe oligospermic men. Only 2 of 5 patients had microdeletions of Yq that contained the 342 gene, whereas the other 3 patients had deletions extending from intervals 5L-6F proximal to the DAZ gene on Yq. Testis biopsies of the azoospermic patients revealed a variety from Sertoli cell-only syndrome to testicular maturation arrest. Of 4 men with clinical data available, average testis size was R: 13.8 co, L: 13.8 co, serum T was 4.0+/-1.25 ng/ml, LH was 3.63+/-1.90 mIU/ml, and FSH was 8.85 +/- 5.13 mIU/ml. These values did not differ significantly from the remainder of the patients tested. We could not observed the DAZ transcript in 2 patients, who have no mature spermatozoa. In 11,6% of patients microdeletions of the AZF could be detected. These deletions in the AZF region seem to be involved causing spermatogenic failure. But the frequency of microdeletions proximal to DAZ suggests that DAZ is not the only gene associated with spermatogenic failure.
Arm ; Azoospermia* ; Biopsy ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; Cytogenetics ; Genes, vif ; Humans ; Male ; Oligospermia ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Tagged Sites ; Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa ; Testis ; Y Chromosome*

A retrospective study of operative results was carried out in a series of 79 patients who operated upon for cervical spondylosis using anterior(modified Trans-Unco-Discal) approach over the past 10 years at the Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Hospital. The operative findings were analysed and also the correlation between preoperative clinicoradiological factors and postoperative clinical results were statistically assessed. The major results were as follows: 1) Of 79 patients, there were 53 in radiculopathy, 18 in radiculomyelopathy and 8 in myelopathy. Mean age was 49 years and the incidence was the highest in sixth decade. Male to female ratio was 2.3:1. 2) In 132 levels operation was performed and C 5, 6 was the most commonly involved level. Incidence of one level operated was 47% and one of above 2 levels operated was in 53%. Of 129 interbody grafts there were 79 levels using BOP and 50 levels using ilium. 3) Operative results; (1) Clinical results were graded excellent in 63%, good in 30%, fair in 6%, and poor in 1%. (2) Clinical results in radiculopathy was statistically significant better than one in myelopathy and radiculomyelopathy(p<0.05). As to number of osteophytes, clinical results in below 3 osteophytes was statistically significant better than above 4 osteophytes(p<0.05). (3) As to age, duration of symptoms, disc space narrowing, developmental canal stenosis, number of operated levels and material of bone graft, clinical results were non statistically significant. (4) Improvement rates in myelopathy and radiculomyelopathy(n=26) were 50% in Nurick's grade and 85% Kadoya's grade. (5) In 23 patients who could be performed follow-up at recently, improvement rate was 88% in Japanese Orthopeadic Association's scale. (6) The rates of complications were 16% and the most complication was related to bone graft. There was no significant correlation between the complications and clinical results in all cases.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ilium ; Incidence ; Male ; Neurosurgery ; Osteophyte ; Radiculopathy ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spondylosis* ; Transplants