BACKGROUND: Since a change in venous capacitance significantly alters venous return and thus affects cardiac output, it is important to know the effects of vasodilators on venous capacitance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerin on venous capacitance during induced hypotension in halothane anesthetized dogs. METHODS: Fourteen mongrel dogs(SNP group: 7, NTG group: 7), weighing 10~15 kg, were anesthetized with N2O 1.5L/min-O2 1.5L/min-halothane 0.5vol%. Each dog received only one drug. In dogs anesthetized with N2O-O2-halothane, mean arterial pressure(MAP) was decreased by 15%(mild hypotension) and 30%(deep hypotension) of control value by sodium nitroprusside(SNP) and nitroglycerin (NTG), respectively. Venous capacitance was assessed before and during induced hypotension by measuring mean circulatory filling pressure(MCFP). MCFP was measured after arresting the circulation by tightening of superior vena cava and inferior vena cava snares simultaneously. RESULTS: As compared with MCFP before induced hypotension, MCFP was significantly decreased by SNP at deep hypotension and NTG at mild hypotension and deep hypotension. As compared with MCFP at mild hypotension, MCFP at deep hypotension was significantly decreased by NTG and SNP, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that NTG has potent venodilating effect at mild and deep induced hypotension, whereas SNP has venodilating effect only at deep induced hypotension.
Animals ; Cardiac Output ; Dogs* ; Halothane* ; Hypotension* ; Nitroglycerin* ; Nitroprusside* ; Pharmacology ; SNARE Proteins ; Sodium* ; Vasodilator Agents ; Vena Cava, Inferior ; Vena Cava, Superior

Blowout fracture is a fracture of the bony orbital floor in the direction of the maxillary sinus as the result of a sudden increase of intra-orbital pressure secondry to a blow to the eye and soft tissue of the orbit from non penetrating convex objects. A common clinical manifestations of blowout fracture are enophthalmos, intra-orbital anesthesia, diplopia and mechanical limitation of ocular rotation. The early diagnosis and proper treatment of blowout fracture may prevent disability and deformity. Recently, we have repaired three cases of blowout fracture by use of the Cald-well-luc approach combined with the Subciliary incision. We report three cases of blowout fracture with a brief review of the literature.
Anesthesia ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diplopia ; Early Diagnosis ; Enophthalmos ; Maxillary Sinus ; Orbit

The therapeutic options for glomus tumor management are either palliative (ie, radiation, embolization or a combination) or definitive (ie, surgery or combinations of surgery-radiation, radiation-surgery or embolization-surgery). Of these, surgical excision is the standard treatment modality for glomus tympanicum tumors. As glomus tympanicum tumor has highly vascular nature, profuse hemorrhage may be intermittently induced during its removal. Preoperative embolization is used frequently to reduce intraoperative bleeding. We report a case of glomus tympanicum tumor which was removed completely with the help of direct inject of HistoacrylR into the mass during the operation. This method allows almost bloodless ablation of the entire tumor.
Enbucrilate ; Glomus Tumor ; Glomus Tympanicum Tumor* ; Glomus Tympanicum* ; Hemorrhage

No abstract available.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Humans

Telecanthus in congenital blepharophimosis has traditionally been repaired with conventional methods such as medial canthal tendon tucking and transnasal wiring.We report 2 cases of patients with telecanthus who underwent repair with titanium miniplate. After the anterior limb of medial canthal tendon was dissected, its insertion site was drilled and a titanium miniplate was fixed with screws.The dissected medial canthal tendon was fixed with 4-0 mersilene to a miniplate hole.After the surgery, we obtained a mean decrease of 11 mmin intermedial canthal distance and no complications except scar in incision site. We believe that this procedure has advantages such as short operation time, precise placement of the medial canthal tendon.For these reasons, it seems to be an excellent alternative to transnasal wiring, but considers this operation because of scar in incision site.
Blepharophimosis* ; Cicatrix ; Extremities ; Humans ; Tendons ; Titanium*

Human Fasciola hepatica infection is a rare entity involving infestation of the liver and biliary tree with adult flukes, which can result in hepatitis, cirrhos is and biliary tract inflammation, obstruction and lithiasis. The patient had the typical diagnostic tetrad of fever, eosinophilic leukocytosis, tender hepatomegaly and fluke ova in the stools. Treatment consists of Emetine hydrochloride hydrochloride administration for hepatic involvement and common bile duct exploration for removal of flukes, with cholecystectomy for associated cholelithiasis. The combination of medical and surgical therapy can be expected to produce an arrest of this infection. The removed liver revealed eggs of the fasciola species in the intrahepatic bile duct. The clinical history, pathological findings and treatment of this case were described.
Adult ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Biliary Tract ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholelithiasis ; Common Bile Duct ; Eggs ; Emetine ; Eosinophils ; Fasciola ; Fasciola hepatica ; Fascioliasis* ; Fever ; Hepatitis ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans* ; Inflammation ; Korea* ; Leukocytosis ; Lithiasis ; Liver* ; Ovum ; Trematoda

A case of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma arising from a mature cystic teratoma in the right ovary of a 37-year-old woman is reported. Malignant transformation of a mature teratoma is a rare event and the commonest malignant neoplasm to develop is squamous cell carcinoma.(83%) Adenocarcinoma occurs with less frequency.(6.8%) The patient was treated by staging operation followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. After six courses of combination chemotherapy, oncological investigations, including chest X-ray, abdominopelvic CT scan and tumor markers, all revealed no evidence of recurrence.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adult ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Mucins* ; Ovary* ; Recurrence ; Teratoma* ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Biomarkers, Tumor

OBJECT: The aim of this study is to determine whether exposure to chlorpromazine causes mutagenicity and genetic disorders. METHOD: Ames (Salmonella typhimurium) test and Rec assay (Bacillus subtilis) were used as indicators for DNA damage. Furthermore, the levels of umu operon expression by measuring the beta-galactosidase activity were monitered with the SOS umu test using S. typhimurium 1535 containing plasmid pSK1002. And the host-mediated assay was used to investigate the muta-genicity of chlorpromazine after the activation with in vivo metabolic systems. RESULTS: From the results, chlorpromazine did not affect DNA of S. typhimurium and B. subtilis strains and showed no mutagenicity at the all concentrations tested. These phenomena was also similar to that after metabolic activation of chlorpromazine in in vivo system. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that chlorpromazine did not show the mutagenicity and genotoxicity by four different methods used in this study.
beta-Galactosidase ; Biotransformation ; Chlorpromazine* ; DNA ; DNA Damage ; Operon ; Plasmids

PURPOSE: Hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus are common metabolic disorders associated with transplantation and also are risk factors of cardiovascular disease which is leading cause of patient death in kidney transplant recipients. We compared blood lipid and glucose levels of patients receiving tacrolimus (Tac) with those of patients receiving cyclosporine (CyA). METHODS: Patients were grouped as Tac (n=124) or CyA (n=77). Minimal follow up duration was 18 months. Both groups have no difference in age, sex, HLA match, numbers of transplantation and proportion of the patients with pretransplant hypercholesterolemia (>220 mg/dL) or diabetes. Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and diabetes in Tac and CyA groups were compared at posttransplant 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: Prevalence of diabetes in CyA versus Tac group were 18.9 vs. 13.8% (P=0.348), 8.6% vs. 18.8% (P=0.060), 5.9% vs. 18.6% (P=0.016), and 10.4% vs. 21.1% (P=0.067) at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after transplantation respectively. Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in CyA versus Tac group were 52.5% vs. 16.9% (P=0.000), 37.7% vs. 8.3% (P=0.000), 30.3% vs. 7.4% (P= 0.000) and 22.6% vs. 8.3% (P=0.001) at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation. CONCLUSION: CyA group was more prone to develop hypercholesterolemia than Tac group, whereas incidence of diabetes in Tac group was not different from CyA group. In terms of cardiovascular risk, there was no significant difference between CyA treated group and Tac treated group in renal allograft recipients.
Allografts* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cyclosporine* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hyperlipidemias ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Tacrolimus* ; Transplantation

Secretory carcinoma is an uncommon type of carcinoma and the only well-documented type that may arise in children and adults of both sexes. Secretory carcinomas do not occur with any particular frequency in any part of the breast. Usually, the primary symptom is a painless mass that may be present for years before biopsy. We encountered a case of a secretory carcinoma of the breast. The patient was a 34-year-old woman. She visited our hospital due to a painless mass located in the upper portion of the left breast in the direction of 11 o,clock and at a distance of 1 cm from the areola. On palpation, it showed a firm and fixed tumor mass. A secretory carcinoma was diagnosed based on excisional biopsy. The patient underwent an Auchincloss, modified radical mastectomy. Multistep cross sections showed an ill-defined brownish, white tumor mass with a gritty sensation and measuring 2.0 1.4 cm in size. Metastasis was found in 1 of 8 axillary lymph nodes. Compared with typical breast cancer, the prognosis is better, but a similar therapeutic strategy may be necessary.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Palpation ; Prognosis ; Sensation