BACKGROUND: To comparatively analysis the epidemiological changes in the acute drug intoxication between 1980s and 1990s. METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of the patients with acute drug intoxication in the emergency department of the Inha hospital from June 1986 to April 1987 and from June 1996 to May 1997. And we performed comparative analysis between two result. RESULTS: The ratio of the acute drug intoxication in the emergency medical center was reduced significantly in 1990s against 1980s. Sexual ratio and prevalent age group has no significant interval changes between 1980s and 1990s. The prevalent seasons were Spring in 1980s and Summer in 1990s but has no significance. The most commonly used drugs was rodentides in 1980s and hypnosedatives in 1990s and shown significant interval changes. The most common motive was suicidal attempts in both 1980s and 1990s, but significantly reduced. After emergency treatment the rate of curative-discharge has improved and the rate of admission has decreased significantly in 1990s against 1980s. The most critical agent was agricultural chemicals in both 1980s and 1990s. The mortality rate has no significant interval changes. CONCLUSION: There were some significant interval changes of the acute drug intoxication in prevalence rate, commonly used drugs, ratio of suicidal attempt and curative-discharge rate between 1980s and 1990s. New education programs far preventing acute drug intoxication and strict legal control of drugs are important and necessary.
Agrochemicals ; Education ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Emergency Treatment ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Seasons

PURPOSE: The artificial erection is critical to chordee repair. We report the use of a natural erection induced by prostaglandin E(1)(PGE1) in the diagnosis and treatment of penile curvatu re as an alternative to artificial erection in children and adult patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pharmacological erection was induced 14 children with a mean age of 5 years (range 1-10) and 8 adults with a mean age of 33 years (range 18-58) to diagnose and repair anomalies, such as simple penile curvature, chordee with or without hypospadias, webbed penis and Peyronie's disease. Alprostadil (1-16ng) as a agent for induce erection was used exclusively, but no agents were routinely given to reverse the erection was used exclusively, but no agents were routinely given to reverse the erections. The dose injected intracavernosally was dependent on the patient's age, penile size and response, and ranged from 0.5 to 10 micrograms. Time to and adequacy of erection, detumescence, changes in blood pressure and pulse rate were monitored. RESULTS: A dilatation of erectile tissue was achieved within 8 minutes and was judged adequate in 2 and excellent in 20. The mean duration of erection was 107 minutes, while a prolonged erection, for up to 2.5 hours, occured on 2 patients who were treated conservatively. Detumescence were occurred when the corpora were opened, but re-erected penis after closure of corpora in 7 cases who treated with Nesbit's corporeal plication or fibrous plaque excision and dermal graft. Although there were the impression of increased bleeding, there were no specific changes in blood pressure or pulse rate. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacological erection in penile curvature is effective and reliable with no significant complications. Although PGE1 is expensive and induced slightly increased bleeding, pharmacological erection has the advantage of tumescence of the entire penis and consequently a constant and natural representation of chordee without corporeal or urethral injury. Therefore, the erection achieved by injecting PGE1 into the corpora cavemosa is a useful alternative to artificial erection in the diagnosis and treatment of penile anomalies.
Adult ; Alprostadil ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; Male ; Penile Induration ; Penis ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: Dizziness is a common complaint in patients presenting to the emergency room and that has various pathologic causes. This study investigate the clinical differences in dizziness between the central origin and the peripheral origin and to provides the clues far diagnosis and proper treatment. METHODS: We analysed 290 patients with dizziness during 12 months period prospectively, who visited in ED, Inha University Hospital from Jan. 1997 to Dec. 1997. We analysized sex ratio, characteristics of the dizziness, associated past illness, associated symptoms, severity, results of the special radiologic study, nystagmus type, and causes of central origin and peripheral origin dizziness. RESULTS: Male to female ratio was 1:1.4 in central origin(n=165) and 1:2.0 in peripheral origin(n=125). Most common age group was 11th decade in both groups. According to the characteristics of the dizziness, rotation sense was the main complaint of the peripheral origin dizziness. Most common past illness was hypertension in both groups. MRI has diagnostic priority than CT scan in central origin dizziness. Types of nystagmus has some significant differences between two groups. CONCLUSION: Dizziness may represented as a sign of significant pathological neurologic status especially in central origin. So we must precisely evaluate the patient history, neurologic examination of the inner ear and CNS, and special radiologic study incliding MRI.
Diagnosis ; Dizziness* ; Ear, Inner ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurologic Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Sex Ratio ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Author have experienced 3 cases of intractable total traumatic hyphema on conservative medical treatment and have good results after surgical management by using Model 800(A) Ocutome vitrectomy instrument. For evacuation of blood clot in anterior chamber. The conclusion were as follow; 1. We experienced no significant intraoperative complication. 2. All 3 cases achieved intraocular presure controls in early post operative state and these controls were sustained till now without any antiglaucomatous agent. 3. Good final visual acuity was obtained in pure total hyphema in which there was no other associated intraocular injury at the time of trauma.
Anterior Chamber ; Hyphema* ; Intraoperative Complications ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing life satisfaction for mothers with children in elementary school. METHODS: Participants were 243 mothers with a child in first and fifth degree of one elementary school in G city. Data were collected from March 20 to April 9, 2010. The instruments used were Satisfaction with Life Scale, Parent Satisfaction Scale, Korean ADHD Rating Scale, Parenting Alliance Inventory and Scale for Measuring Family Strengths. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 14.0 computer program and included one-way ANOVA, Scheffe back-testing, Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The life satisfaction of the mothers showed significantly positive correlations with parent role satisfaction, spousal support, and family strengths and negative correlations with ADHD. Significant predictors of life satisfaction for mothers with children in elementary school were spousal support and sharing of value systems, and these variables explained 37.0% of the variance in life satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that improvement of spousal support and sharing of the family value system should be helpful in promoting life satisfaction for mothers with children in elementary school.
Child* ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Parenting ; Parents

Because sex hormones influence the lower urinary tract, menopause can cause several urinary diseases including overactive bladder, stress urinary incontinence and recurrent urinary tract infection. However, the results of many clinical studies have indicated that menopausal hormone replacement therapy is not effective for the treatment of previous diseases, especially via the oral route. Although estrogen vaginal cream or pessary is an effective treatment for overactive bladders and can prevent recurrent urinary tract infection, its beneficial effects only last for the duration of the treatment. If patients with previous mentioned urologic disease have other local symptoms and conditions, such as atrophic vaginitis and dyspareunia, local estrogen replacement therapy will be helpful in relieving the local symptoms. However, the potential for breast cancer or return of withdrawal of bleeding, patient's age, adverse effect of systemic administration, estrogen-progesterone combination therapy, and effectiveness among other treatment modalities must be considered before a treatment decision can be made. In this article, we will review the current issues on the relationship among urinary tract and sex hormone and menopause, and the effectiveness of menopausal hormone replacement therapy for the treatment of overactive bladders, stress urinary tract incontinence and recurrent urinary tract infection.
Atrophic Vaginitis ; Breast Neoplasms ; Dyspareunia ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Estrogens ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Hemorrhage ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Menopause ; Pessaries ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urologic Diseases ; Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies

No abstract available.
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections* ; Teicoplanin*

No abstract available.
Histiocytosis, Sinus* ; Lip*

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare diasease characterized by chronic infiltration of the lung with ~eosinophils, usually associated with peripheral eosinophilia. In 65% of cases, the chest rad Ogroaph shows typiical nonsegmental air-space consolidation confined to the outer third of the lung and in 25)/0 of case "photographic negative of pulmonary edema". Typical lung manifestations with 'peripheral eosinophiliSa' tahrcharacteristic of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. In the remaining cases, radiographic findings are nonspecific and require lung biopsy for confirmation. We repot a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia in which chest radiograph and CT scans revealed bilateral patchy or diffuse opacity with nodules scattered throughout the lungs.
Biopsy ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils* ; Lung ; Pulmonary Eosinophilia* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Adhesions represent a significant cause of morbidity for post-operative patients. Most gynecologic surgical procedures are associated with pelvic adhesions that may cause small bowel obstruction, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and difficulties in post-operative treatment. Gynecologic surgical procedures in elderly women are more risky because of post-operative morbidity and mortality due to pre-existing diseases. Menopause marks the onset of the senile stage. After menopause, hormonal changes occur. This article will review the current issues about adjunctive methods to prevent post-operative adhesion formation and the correlation between hormone changes and adhesion formation.
Aged ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ; Humans ; Infertility ; Menopause ; Pelvic Pain