In order to compare mechanical stability of the Ilizarov external fixation methods for treatment of pilon fracture of the tibia, six human amputed tibiae were utilized to simulate Ruedi type I, II, and III fractures anatomically and non-anatomically reduced. Six fracture models which were either anatomically(3) or non-anatomically(3) reduced were first stailized by the Ilizarov construct composed of two tibial rings and foot assembly with connecting rods and ankle hinges and underwent axial load compression test using Instron. And then same tests were repeated on the models in which ankle hinges between the tibial rings and foot assembly were removed to examine biomechanical effect of the ankle hinges on the fracture stability. When the fracture model was fixed by the construct without ankle hinges, 720 N-780 N were required to disrupt fracture stability. When the fracture was non-anatomically reduced and was fixed by the construct without ankle hinges, 420 N-520 N were required to disrupt the fracture stability. The current study suggests that Ilizarov fixation system should have the construct composed of two tibial rings and foot assembly with connection rods and ankle hinges to prevent fracture destabilization during early ankle motion and weight-bearing in the tibial pilon fracture.
Ankle ; Foot ; Humans ; Methods ; Tibia ; Weight-Bearing

We have experienced 7 cases of resurfacing prosthesis in comminuted patellar fracture in 5 patients, The follow up time was from 1 year and 6 months to 3 years and 6 months. The dome-shaped plastic patellar prosthesis was used after fracture healing. Each case was evaluated by Levitt's method of evaluation and we compared with patellectomy in “End results of patellectomy” reported by West, F. E. in 1962 in quadriceps power, range of motion, appearance and pain on the knee. The results were as follows: 1. By Levitt's method of evaluation, 6 cases were satisfactory, but 1 case was unsatisfactory. 2. The resurfacing prosthesis was better than patellectomy in quadriceps power, range of motion and appearance, but it was a little more painful.
Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Humans ; Knee ; Methods ; Patella ; Plastics ; Prostheses and Implants ; Range of Motion, Articular

Sebaceous carcinoma is an uncommon neoplasm usually associated with ocular adnexa. This malignancy may occur at any anatomic site that contains sebaceous glands. Despite the widespread anatomic distribution of sebaceous glands, extraocular sebaceous carcinoma occurs with far less frequency. We report a case of an 87-year-old Korean woman with extraocular sebaceous carcinoma treated with total excision.
Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Sebaceous Glands

BACKGROUND: Human hair usually emerges from the scalp in groups of 2 or 3-hair units. Hair densities and grouping patterns in androgenetic alopecia (AGA) patients are known to be different from those in normal adults, but no comparative study has ever before been made in Korea. Therefore we have developed some technical improvements on phototrichogram methodology to evaluate the differences between these two groups. BACKGROUND: Objectives: This study was performed to quantify Koreans' hair characteristics at each site (vertex, occipital, temporal) of the scalp according to the age and to compare the differences of hair characteristics of AGA and normal adults using phototrichogram. METHODS: Hairs in the precisely defined circle at each (vertex, temporal, occipital) site of the scalp in 37 AGA male patients and 15 healthy male volunteers were evaluated according to age. Each circumscribed area of the scalp, centered with a dot tattoo to ensure reproducibility, was photographed just after shaving, and named 'primary image'. Two days later, the same area was again photographed, and named 'secondary image', from which the hair density and the grouping pattern of hair follicular units were determined by the image analyzer program. RESULTS: The results can be summarized as follows: 1. In normal adult males, the range of hair density was 117~13/cm2~140~16/cm2, with the hair density of the occiput being significantly higher than that of the temple. No significant differences in hair density were shown between vertex and occiput. 2. In AGA male patients, the range of hair density was 102~23/cm2-137~17/cm2, and the differences of the hair density between vertex and occiput were statistically significant. 3. The numbers of grouped hair units per square centimeter in the non-bald adult male group ranged from 59~11/cm2 to 73~14/cm2. The most common grouped hair unit was a 2-hair unit, followed by a 1-hair unit and a 3-hair unit group. 4. In the AGA group, the numbers of grouped hair units per square centimeter ranged from 57~6/cm2 to 72~12/cm2, showing no significance with the control group. The most common grouped hair unit was a 1-hair unit, followed by a 2-hair unit and a 3-hair unit group. CONCLUSIONS: The AGA group compared remarkably with the normal adult male group, showing a lower hair density with a larger proportion of 1-grouped hair units. Based on the data about hair density and hair grouping patterns in AGA patients, surgeons can estimate the area of donor scalp with the most probable number of follicular units in hair trans-plantation procedures.
Adult ; Alopecia* ; Hair* ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Scalp* ; Tissue Donors ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Induction Chemotherapy* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Rectum*

No abstract available.
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease*

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Fusidic Acid* ; Sodium*

PTC is the single most valuable diagnostic method available to evaluate the size, shape and site of the causesof obstuctive jaundice among various radiological procedures. The authors reviewed and radiologically classifiedthe PTC films of 203 cases of obstructive jaundice from July 1977 to June 1983 at Presbyterian Medical Center,Jeon-ju confirmed clinically, operatively and pathologically. The resuls are as follows; 1. The most common causeof obstructive jaundice was bile duct stoen (64/203:31.53%) and the other causes were bile duct cancer(43/203:21.18%), pancreas cancer(41/203:20.19%), biliary ascariasis &/or clonorchiasis(20/203:9.85%), ampulla andduodenal cancer (7/203:3.45%), fibrotic stenosis of sphincter of Oddi(6/203: 2.96%) etc. in that order. Of theseprimary involvement with cancer was more frequent (91/203:44.33%) than stone. 2. 88.33%(179/203) of patients wasover 40-year-of- age and the sex ratio between male and female was about 2:1. 3. The average maximal diameter ofextrahepatic bile duct just proximal to the site of obstruction or stenosis by stones or by cancers was nearlyequal(2.36cm:2.38cm). 4. Cancers caused complete bile duct obstruction in about 75%(68/91) of cases and also wereassociated with intrahepatic duct dilatation about 92%(84/91) of cases. But in contrast biliary calculi showedgood drainage of contrast medium in 75%(48/64) of cases and 92%(59/64) showed normal diameter of intrahepaticduct. 5. The differential PTC findings between bile duct cancer and pancreas cancer were not so distinct but inbiel duct cancer the obstruction site of the bile duct was more irregular and serrated than pancreas cancer, whilethe latter showed a more downward convexity and a smoother end. Moreover annular filling defect with overhangingedges was seen only in bile duct cancer.
Ascariasis ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; Bile Ducts ; Cholestasis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Drainage ; Female ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Male ; Methods ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Protestantism ; Sex Ratio

Acardiac twinning affects 1 in 100 monozygotic twin pregnancies and 1 in 35,000 pregnancies overall. This condition is characterized by the absence or rudimentary development of fetal heart, and associated with various anomaly. The presence of an acardiac twin requires the normal (or "pump") twin to provide circulation for itself, as well as the acardiac sibling. The acardiac malformations are uniformly fatal in the affected twin, and mortality in the co-twin is as high as 55%. The principal perinatal problems associated with acardiac twinning are pump-twin congestive heart failure, maternal hydramnios, and preterm delivery. We recently experienced a case of acardius anceps associated with a normal male infant, so present with a brief review of the literature.
Fetal Heart ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mortality ; Polyhydramnios ; Pregnancy ; Siblings ; Twins, Monozygotic