Nitric oxide (NO) is known to have a strong relaxant effect in various biological organs including blood vessels and corpus cavernosum. The goal of the present study was to investigate the role of NO on penile erection in vivo. In 42 adult (250-350 gm) Sprague Dawley rats, we observed cavernosal and systemic response to cavernous nerve stimulation (1 Hz. 3-5 volt), intracavernosal injection of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor , L-arginine hydrochloride and guanylate cyclase inhibitor (methylene blue). Intracavernous injections of L-NOARG (0.000001M to 0.00lM, n=7) and L- NAME (0.000001M to 0.001M n=7) were found to suppress the nerve induced erection in concentration dependent manner. Subsequent intracavernous injection of L- arginine hydrochloride ( 0.0lM n=7) partially stored penile erection suppressed by L-NOARG (0.00lM) or L-NAME (0.00lM). Intracavernous injection of methylene blue (0.000001M to 0.000000lM n=7) suppressed both nerve induced erection and sodium nitroprusside (0.001M)-induced erection in concentration dependent manner. These results indicate that nitric oxide is a strong neurotransmitter that mediates penile erection, and that nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway is responsible for penile erection.
Adult ; Animals ; Arginine ; Blood Vessels ; Cyclic GMP ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Humans ; Male ; Methylene Blue ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitric Oxide* ; Nitroprusside ; Penile Erection* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

From Jan. of 1990 to Dec. of 1992, we have experienced three cases of multiple primary malignant neoplasms originated from different histogenesis, in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Korea Cancer Center Hospital. Liposarcomas, malignant fibrous histiocytoma were combined with renal cell carcinoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary or prostatic cancer. With Moertel's classification, synchronous tumors were found in 2 cases and metachronous in 1 case. Synchronous tumors were 2 liposarcomas-renal cell carcinoma or mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary. Metachronous tumors were malignant fibrous histiocytoma-prostate cancer. We couldn t find any family history among them. The causes of these multiple malignancies were considered as the individual predilrection to tumors.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Classification ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Female ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; Humans ; Korea ; Liposarcoma ; Orthopedics ; Ovary ; Prostatic Neoplasms

We evaluated the clinical effects of Nicorandil in 27 patients (17 male and 10 female) with ischemic heart disease (17 patients of stable effort angina, 3 patients of unstable effort angina, 6 patients of spontaneous angina, 1 patient of variant angina) in terms of the effect on the anginal pain, electrocardiographic changes and side effects. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The pulse rate was not changed by the drug administration and blood pressure were decreased slightly by Nicorandil in a daily dose of 15 mg divided into 3 dose, but these decrease were not significant in statistical meaning. 2. Improvement in EKG changes was observed in 9 patients (69%) among the 13 patients who showed abnormal EKG initially. 3. Anti-anginal effect of nicorandil were excellent in 14 patients, good in 8 patients, fair in 3 patients and so the rate of global improvement was 82%. 4. Nicorandil had side effects in 7 patients, headache (4 patients), palpitation, ocular pain, edema, but these were transitory and tolerable except of one case who could not be continued because of severe headache.
Angina Pectoris* ; Blood Pressure ; Edema ; Electrocardiography ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Nicorandil*

The association between blood lead children and Intelligent Quotient(IQ) was investigated in a sample of l00 boys and girls aged 6-8 years from one primary school within an industrial area of Pusan. The trained undergraduates in school of public health administered an I.Q. test one by one. Parents answered a questionnaire on demographic, perinatal and socioeconomic variables. Atomic Absorbtion spectrophotometer was used to determine blood lead levels. The geometric mean of blood lead value was 7.99 microgram/dl. In total children, there was no significant relationship between blood lead level and I.Q. But in the children who were born of gestational age of less than 38 weeks, children with higher levels of blood lead performed more poorly on I.Q. test with correlation coefficient from -0.68 to -0.71. But, the children who were born of gestational age of 38 weeks and more were same as total children. These results suggest that exposure to low levels of lead in the children who were born premature probably may result in impaired intelligent development. But, we think that more profound study should be performed with sufficient numbers of subjects.
Busan ; Child* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Intelligence* ; Parents ; Public Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Male ; Penis* ; Replantation*

Secondary amyloidosis occurs in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The major therapeutic approach to secondary amyloidosis involves controlling the underlying inflammatory disease. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of rheumatic diseases; in many cases dramatic clinical improvement of secondary amyloidosis due to AS has been observed in response to treatment with these agents. However, the development of secondary amyloidosis associated with AS refractory to treatment with TNF-alpha inhibitors has been infrequently reported. Here, we described a case of a 37-year-old male patient with longstanding AS who was diagnosed with secondary amyloidosis due to high disease activity despite treatment with etanercept, adalimumab and infliximab.
Adult ; Amyloidosis* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Humans ; Male ; Rheumatic Diseases ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha* ; Adalimumab ; Infliximab ; Etanercept

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in childhood and young adult. Rhabdomyosarcoma can be classified into one of four type; embryonal, alveolar, pleomorphic, undifferentiated. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas of the female genital tract are rare, malignant tumors derived from primitive myogenic precursor and generally occur during infancy and childhood. About twenty percent of rhabdomyosarcoma arise in the genitourinary tract, with slightly more than half being embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Vaginal primaries are 5-times more common than cervical primaries. Overall, cervical tumor may predominate in adolescent. In perimenopausal women, the uterus is the most common site of rhabdomyosarcoma. The management of rhabdomyosarcoma of genitourinary tract has changed slowly from pelvic exenteration without adjuvant therapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by less radical surgery and postoperative radiation. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas originates in the uterine cervix are extremely rare especially in the thirties. So, little information is available regarding its prognosis and therapy. We present a case of a woman 31 years old with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix with a review of a literature.
Adolescent ; Adult* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Pelvic Exenteration ; Prognosis ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal* ; Sarcoma ; Uterus ; Young Adult

Intralabyrinthine schwannomas are rare benign tumors that arise from the terminal ends of the eighth cranial nerve. These may involve the cochlea, vestibule, or semicircular canals. These tumors are uncommon, and were diagnosed incidentally either during labyrinthectomy or at autopsy. The increasing use of the MRI in the diagnostic assessment of patients with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss or tinnitus has led to the diagnosis of intralabyrinthine schwannomas. Because the clinical symptoms of intralabyrinthine schwannomas and other otologic disorders, particularly Meniere's disease, are so similar, diagnosis of intralabyrinthine schwannomas is challenging. We report a patient with intralabyrinthine schwannoma, who had been misdiagnosed as having Meniere's disease. With the aid of MRI, intralabyrinthine schwannoma was detected and removed successfully by translabyrinthine approach.
Autopsy ; Cochlea ; Diagnosis ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meniere Disease* ; Neurilemmoma* ; Semicircular Canals ; Tinnitus ; Vestibulocochlear Nerve

DiGeorge syndrome is the developmental anomalies of the third and fourth pharngeal pouches. Recently, damages or abnormal development of the neural crest is suggested as a possible pathogenetic factor, because neural crest cells play a crucial role in development of pharyngeal pouch derivatives, e.g. thymus and parathyroid glands, as well as the aortic arches and conotruncal part of the heat. Most cases have abnormal findings of chromosome 22 and are sporadic, but familial cases have been described. Typical features of DiGeorge syndrome are congenital heart disease, aplasia or hypoplasia of the thymus and parathyroid glands and facial dysmorphism. The main problems and cause of death are severe congestive heart failure due to cardiac anomlies, hypocalcemic complications or immunocompromised conditions. As these results, most cases were expired at infantal period or early childhood. Recently, we have a case of Digeorge syndrome which was associated with complex cardiovascular anomalies(tetralogy of Fallot, atrial septal defect, right aortic arch, left hemitruncus), severe hypocalcemia, aplasia of thymus and facial dysmorphism.
Aorta, Thoracic ; Cause of Death ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; DiGeorge Syndrome* ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Failure ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia ; Infant ; Neural Crest ; Parathyroid Glands ; Thymus Gland

The clinical application of the three-dimensional radiographic technique had been limited to standard Broadbent-Bolton cephalometer with biplanar stereoradiography. We developed a new method for compensating the error of head position in ordinary non-biplanar cephalostat. It became to possible to use the three dimensional cephalogram commonly in clinical bases. 1. The method of methemetical compensation of head positioning error in non-biplanar condition was evaluated with dry skull. The error of the method of first and the second trial was 0.46+/-1.21, 0.33+/-0.90mm, which means the error of the head positioning correction in conventional cephalogram was within clinical acceptance. 2. The reproducibility of this system for clinical application was 0.54 mm (-2.99~2.26mm) which defines the absolute mean difference of the first and second trial. Compare to the The landmark identification error 1.2+/-1.6mm, the error of the measurement was within the range of landmark identification error. The result indicates the adequate clinical accuracy of the computation of three-dimensional coordinates by compensation of the error of the head position in ordinary non-biplanar cephalostat.
Compensation and Redress* ; Head* ; Skull