1.Predictors of Poor Outcome in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction.
Nobuhiro DOUGU ; Shutaro TAKASHIMA ; Etsuko SASAHARA ; Yoshiharu TAGUCHI ; Shigeo TOYODA ; Tadakazu HIRAI ; Takashi NOZAWA ; Kortaro TANAKA ; Hiroshi INOUE
Journal of Clinical Neurology 2011;7(4):197-202
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Plasma D-dimer levels are elevated during the acute phase of cerebral infarction (CI). We investigated whether the D-dimer level on admission and other clinical characteristics could be used to predict the poor outcome of patients with acute CI. METHODS: The clinical characteristics and plasma D-dimer levels measured within 3 days of onset were compared according to outcome among patients with acute CI. RESULTS: In total, 359 consecutive patients (mean age, 71.8 years) were examined, of which 174 had a poor outcome [score on the modified Rankin scale (mRS) > or =3] at 30 days after hospitalization. The mean mRS score was higher and a poor outcome was observed more frequently among women than among men (p<0.001 for each). The proportions of women, cardioembolism, atrial fibrillation, advanced age (> or =75 years), prior history of CI or transient ischemic attack, and elevated D-dimer level (> or =1.0 microg/mL) were significantly higher among patients with a poor outcome than among those with a good outcome. A multivariate analysis showed that elevated D-dimer level [> or =1.0 microg/mL; odds ratio (OR), 2.45; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.52-3.89; p<0.01], advanced age (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.21-3.07; p<0.01), and female gender (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.08-2.83; p=0.02) were independent predictors of a poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Certain clinical characteristics (gender and advanced age) and an elevated D-dimer level upon admission can be used to predict the outcome of patients with acute CI at 30 days after hospitalization.
Atrial Fibrillation
;
Cerebral Infarction
;
Female
;
Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products
;
Hospitalization
;
Humans
;
Ischemic Attack, Transient
;
Male
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Odds Ratio
;
Plasma
;
Stroke
2.Transesophageal Echocardiographic Findings Are Independent and Relevant Predictors of Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation.
Shutaro TAKASHIMA ; Keiko NAKAGAWA ; Tadakazu HIRAI ; Nobuhiro DOUGU ; Yoshiharu TAGUCHI ; Etsuko SASAHARA ; Kazumasa OHARA ; Nobuyuki FUKUDA ; Hiroshi INOUE ; Kortaro TANAKA
Journal of Clinical Neurology 2012;8(3):170-176
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Not only clinical factors, including the CHADS2 score, but also echocardiographic findings have been reported to be useful for predicting the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). However, it remains to be determined which of these factors might be more relevant for evaluation of the risk of stroke in each patient. METHODS: In 490 patients with NVAF who underwent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), we examined the long-term incidence of ischemic stroke events (mean follow-up time, 5.7+/-3.3 years). For each patient, the predictive values of gender, the CHADS2 risk factors (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age > or =75 years, diabetes mellitus, history of cerebral ischemia), the CHADS2 score, and the findings on echocardiography, including TEE risk markers, were assessed. RESULTS: The ischemic stroke rate was significantly correlated with the CHADS2 score (p<0.05). According to the results of univariate analyses, age > or =75 years, history of cerebral ischemia, CHADS2 score > or =2, and presence of TEE risk were significantly correlated with the incidence of ischemic stroke. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses identified age > or =75 years and presence of TEE risk as significant predictors of subsequent ischemic stroke events in patients with NVAF. As compared with that in persons below 75 years of age without TEE risk, the ischemic stroke rate was significantly higher in persons who were > or =75 years of age with TEE risk (4.3 vs. 0.56%/year, adjusted hazard ratio=8.94, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: TEE findings might be more relevant predictors of ischemic stroke than the CHADS2 score in patients with NVAF. The stroke risk was more than 8-fold higher in patients aged > or =75 years with TEE risk.
Aged
;
Atrial Fibrillation
;
Brain Ischemia
;
Diabetes Mellitus
;
Echocardiography
;
Echocardiography, Transesophageal
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Heart Failure
;
Humans
;
Hypertension
;
Incidence
;
Risk Factors
;
Stroke
3.Efficacy and safety of mirikizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for Japanese patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: a subgroup analysis of the global phase 3 LUCENT-1 and LUCENT-2 studies
Taku KOBAYASHI ; Katsuyoshi MATSUOKA ; Mamoru WATANABE ; Tadakazu HISAMATSU ; Fumihito HIRAI ; Joe MILATA ; Xingyuan LI ; Nathan MORRIS ; Vipin ARORA ; Tomoko ISHIZUKA ; Koji MATSUO ; Yoichi SATOI ; Catherine MILCH ; Toshifumi HIBI
Intestinal Research 2024;22(2):172-185
Background/Aims:
Mirikizumab is a p19-directed anti-interleukin-23 antibody with potential efficacy against ulcerative colitis (UC). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of mirikizumab in a Japanese subpopulation with moderately to severely active UC from the LUCENT-1 and LUCENT-2 studies.
Methods:
LUCENT-1 and LUCENT-2 were phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of mirikizumab therapy in adults with moderately to severely active UC. LUCENT-1 was a 12-week induction trial where patients were randomized 3:1 to receive intravenous mirikizumab 300 mg or placebo every 4 weeks (Q4W). Patients achieving a clinical response with mirikizumab following the induction study were re-randomized 2:1 to double-blind treatment with either mirikizumab 200 mg or placebo subcutaneously Q4W during the 40-week maintenance study. The primary outcomes were clinical remission at week 12 of LUCENT-1 and week 40 of LUCENT-2.
Results:
A total of 137 patients enrolled in Japan were randomized to mirikizumab (n = 102) or placebo (n = 35). Compared with placebo, patients who received mirikizumab showed numerically higher clinical remission at week 12 of induction (32.4% [n = 33] vs. 2.9% [n = 1]) and at week 40 of maintenance (48.9% [n = 23] vs. 28.0% [n = 7]). A greater number of patients achieved key secondary endpoints in the mirikizumab group compared with placebo. The frequency of treatment-emergent adverse events was similar across mirikizumab and placebo groups. Efficacy and safety results observed in the Japanese subpopulation were generally consistent with those in the overall population.
Conclusions
Mirikizumab induction and maintenance treatments were effective in Japanese patients with moderately to severely active UC. No new safety concerns were identified.
4.Effect of elemental diet combined with infliximab dose escalation in patients with Crohn's disease with loss of response to infliximab: CERISIER trial.
Tadakazu HISAMATSU ; Reiko KUNISAKI ; Shiro NAKAMURA ; Tomoyuki TSUJIKAWA ; Fumihito HIRAI ; Hiroshi NAKASE ; Kenji WATANABE ; Kaoru YOKOYAMA ; Masakazu NAGAHORI ; Takanori KANAI ; Makoto NAGANUMA ; Hirofumi MICHIMAE ; Akira ANDOH ; Akihiro YAMADA ; Tadashi YOKOYAMA ; Noriko KAMATA ; Shinji TANAKA ; Yasuo SUZUKI ; Toshifumi HIBI ; Mamoru WATANABE
Intestinal Research 2018;16(3):494-498
No abstract available.
Crohn Disease*
;
Food, Formulated*
;
Humans
;
Infliximab*
5.Efficacy and safety of filgotinib as induction and maintenance therapy for Japanese patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: a post-hoc analysis of the phase 2b/3 SELECTION trial
Toshifumi HIBI ; Satoshi MOTOYA ; Tadakazu HISAMATSU ; Fumihito HIRAI ; Kenji WATANABE ; Katsuyoshi MATSUOKA ; Masayuki SARUTA ; Taku KOBAYASHI ; Brian G FEAGAN ; Chantal TASSET ; Robin BESUYEN ; Chohee YUN ; Gerald CRANS ; Jie ZHANG ; Akira KONDO ; Mamoru WATANABE
Intestinal Research 2023;21(1):110-125
Background/Aims:
The safety and efficacy of filgotinib, a once-daily oral Janus kinase 1 preferential inhibitor, were evaluated in Japanese patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in the phase 2b/3 SELECTION trial.
Methods:
SELECTION (NCT02914522) was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial comprising 2 induction studies and a maintenance study. Adults with moderately to severely active UC were randomized in induction study A (biologic-naïve) or B (biologic-experienced) to receive filgotinib 200 mg, 100 mg, or placebo once daily for 11 weeks. Patients in clinical remission or Mayo Clinic score response at week 10 entered the 47-week maintenance study. Efficacy and safety outcomes were assessed in Japanese patients enrolled in Japan.
Results:
Overall, 37 and 72 Japanese patients were enrolled in Japan in induction studies A and B, respectively, and 54 entered the maintenance study. Numerically higher proportions of filgotinib 200 mg-treated than placebo-treated patients achieved clinical remission in induction study A (4/15 [26.7%] vs. 0/6 [0%]) and the maintenance study (5/20 [25.0%] vs. 0/9 [0%]), but not induction study B (1/29 [3.4%] vs. 1/14 [7.1%]). Both doses were well tolerated, and no new safety signals were noted. Herpes zoster was reported in 1 filgotinib 200 mg-treated patient in each of induction study A (2.3%, 1/44) and the maintenance study (5.0%, 1/20).
Conclusions
These data, alongside those of the overall SELECTION population, suggest the potential of filgotinib 200 mg as a viable treatment option for Japanese patients with UC. Owing to small patient numbers, data should be interpreted cautiously.