No abstract available.
Education* ; Humans ; Male*

OBJECTIVE: Various lesions including tumors occupying in the presellar and suprasellar regions have been traditionally removed by the transcranial approach. The new modified transsphenoidal approaches(TSAs) have been proposed to avoid the craniotomy and to get better surgical view. MATERIALS AND PATIENTS: The sellar floor and presellar anterior cranial fossa were removed through the sublabial transseptal transsphenoidal technique in the "transsphenoidal supradiaphragmatic intradural approach". One tuberculum sella meningioma and a suprasellar Rathke's cleft cyst confined to the pituitary stalk were removed via this approach. RESULTS: The dissection of the anterior intercavernous sinus, diaphragma sella, and arachnoid membrane allowed a wide surgical field of pre- and suprasellar areas and facilitated a safe removal of lesions without significant surgical complications in our cases. CONCLUSION: From the authors' limited experience, the advantages of this technique are as follows: 1) it can be easily applicable through a minor modification of the standard TSA, 2) excellent anatomical exposure of the structures located in the supradiaphragmatic suprasellar cistern, and 3) might be suitable to remove small lesions located in the presellar and adjacent to the pituitary stalk region.
Arachnoid ; Cranial Fossa, Anterior ; Craniotomy ; Humans ; Membranes ; Meningioma ; Pituitary Gland

PURPOSE: We evaluated Valsalva and cough-induced leak point pressure measurements identically and compared their reliability in the patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-five patients complaining of SUI were assessed with medical history, uro-gynecological examination, any factors that could affect voiding symptoms, and videourodynamic study consisting of Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP), cough-induced leak point pressure (CILPP) on supine and erect position, prospectively. We observed the location and descent of bladder neck on fluoroscopic images, and VLPP, CILPP synchronously. The bladder neck position, the degree of bladder neck descent, VLPP and CILPP were compared, then the correlation of each was analysed. RESULTS: The lower the position of initial bladder neck is, the more severe the descent of the bladder neck is in supine (Valsalva; r=0.305, p<0.01, cough; r=0.333, p=0.01) and erect (Valsalva; r=0.341, p<0.01, cough; r=0.512, p<0.01). The descent of bladder neck and VLPP is significantly correlated in supine (r=0.251, p<0.05) and erect (r=0.293, p<0.01). The descent of bladder neck and CILPP is also significantly correlated in erect (r=0.254, p<0.05), but not in supine position (r=0.232, p>0.05). VLPP and CILPP in SUI type III are significantly lower than those in SUI type I and II (p<0.05), but VLPP and CILPP were not correlated to subjective symptoms of SUI. CONCLUSIONS: Both VLPP and CILPP are reliable in evaluation of SUI. However, ecause VLPP is reliable regardless of position and easier than CILPP in the measurement, it is expected as more useful method. If CILPP is used, it must be evaluated in the erect position.
Cough ; Humans ; Neck ; Prospective Studies ; Supine Position ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence*

Glassy cell carcinoma is an unusual neoplasm of the uterine cervix with highly aggressive clinical behavior. On cervico-vaginal smear examination, the tumor has well confused of atypical repair cell of the endocervix. Recently, we have experienced two cases of glassy cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, diagnosed on cervico-vaginal smears and confirmed on following histologic sections. The cervico-vaginal smears revealed abundant clusters with well defined boarders. The cell clusters were composed of large tumor cells. The tumor cells had distinct granular cytoplasm and eosinophilic macronucleoli. Characteristic cytologic features of this tumor were discussed in view of differential diagnosis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Breast ; Cervix Uteri ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Hydronephrosis*

BACKGROUND: Although exact mechanism of adult respiratory distress syndorme (ARDS) is not known, many evidences suggest that inflammatory mediators such as protease and oxygen radicals may be the final common pathway to the endothelial injury. It is gradually accepted that activated neutrophils play a major role in the process. Pentoxifylline is a methylated xanthine with a wide range of actions that make it theoretically useful in the treatment of ARDS. Studies show that it decreases neutrophil phagocytosis and superoxied production. The aim of this experiment is to determine whether pentoxifylline has a preventive effect on oleic acid-induced lung injury. METHODS: Oleic acid (0.08 ml/kg) was infused in 10 mongrel dogs in order to induce acute lung injury. Pentoxifylline (20 mg/kg) was administered 40 mins before oleic acid injection. The author made a comparative studies on the effects of pentoxifylline on hemodynamics and gas exchange before oleic acid injection and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 mins after oleic acid injection. RESULTS: There were not significant changes in mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistence, pulmonary wedge pressure intrapulmonary shunt in both groups. There were statistical significance in arterial oxygen tension, pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance between both groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Pentoxifylline is a noteworthy drug that could be a candidate as a therapy to help prevent effect in lung injuries that share a common mechanism with oleic acid-induced lung injury.
Acute Lung Injury ; Adult ; Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Dogs ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Lung Injury* ; Lung* ; Neutrophils ; Oleic Acid ; Oxygen ; Pentoxifylline* ; Phagocytosis ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Vascular Resistance ; Xanthine

No abstract available.
Prostate*

A clinical observation was made on 284 cases of renal diseases, admitted to the Department of Urology, National Medical Center from January 1972 to December 1971 The results were as follows ; 1) During this period, the total number of in-patients were 969 among which patients with renal diseases were 284 (29.3 %). And ratio between male and female patients was 1.2:1 2) Among renal diseases, the patients with tbc or stone were occupied over half (62.6 %). 3) In renal tbc, the prevalence rate of complication became decreased due to early treatment by early visiting to hospital. And patients taken with only anti-Tb medication became increased. 4) In renal stone or renal injury, there was tendency of taking conservative treatment(pyelolithotomy etc.) rather than taking surgical intervention as like nephrectomy etc.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Prevalence ; Urology

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Rotavirus*

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare and severe adverse drug reaction characterized by the cutaneous eruption, fever, eosinophilia, and involvement of internal organs. It is commonly caused by aromatic anticonvulsant drugs and antibiotics in children. In this study, we presented a case of a 9-year-old boy with bipolar disorder, who developed DRESS syndrome after lamotrigine intake for 10 days. Thereafter, lamotrigine was discontinued, and systemic corticosteroid treatment was pursued for 18 days. After 3 months, a patch test for lamotrigine was performed as a confirmatory test to check drug reaction. Reports of DRESS syndrome in adults have increased over the past decade due to the increasing use of lamotrigine as a new aromatic anticonvulsant. Although there are only a few lamotrigine-related DRESS syndrome reports in children, caution is needed with its potential widespread use in the future.

OBJECTIVE: To present the accuracy and safety of cervical pedicle screw insertion using the technique with direct exposure of the pedicle by laminoforaminotomy. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 12 consecutive patients. A total of 104 subaxial cervical pedicle screws in 12 patients had been inserted. We also assessed the clinical and radiological outcomes and analyzed the direction and grade of pedicle perforation (grade 0: no perforation, 1: <25%, 2: 20% to 50%, 3: >50% of screw diameter) on the postoperative vascular-enhanced computed tomography scans. Grade 2 and 3 were considered as incorrect position. RESULTS: The correct position was found in 95 screws (91.3%); grade 0-75 screws, grade 1-20 screws and the incorrect position in 9 screws (8.7%); grade 2-6 screws, grade 3-3 screws. There was no neurovascular complication related with cervical pedicle screw insertion. CONCLUSION: This technique (technique with direct exposure of the pedicle by laminoforaminotomy) could be considered relatively safe and easy method to insert cervical pedicle screw.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies