Objective To determine how endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) compared with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the diagnosis of pancreaticobiliary diseases. Methods A total of 40 patients with suspected pancreaticobiliary diseases underwent both MRCP and ERCP. Images obtained from ERCP and MRCP were compared. Results Pictures of both the examinations in the 40 patients had come out satisfactorily revealing the pancreatic duct and the biliary tree. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 87% (34/39), 100% (1/1) and 88% (35/40) in MRCP and 100% (39/39), 100% (1/1) and 100% (40/40) in ERCP, respectively, without significant differences between the two examinations. Conclusions Although MRCP offers a diagnostic means equivalent to ERCP, it cannot take the place of the latter as regards identification of biliary obstruction.

Objective To explore the peptides that can mimic the blood type A antigen and evaluate the anti-A antibody detection value of these peptides.Methods The anti-A monoclonal antibodv (NaM87-1F6)was used to panning the phage clones from a phage display 12-mer peptide library.Positive clones were identified by phage ELISA,phage mieropanning methods.Phage DNA Was sequenced and the corresponding peptide sequences were deduced.Agglutination inhibition test WaS performed to assess the ability of phage clones to inhibit the binding between the type A red blood cell and the anti-A antibody. ABO-ELISA based on the selected peptides was compared with classical haemagglutination test jn the detection of senlm anti-A antibody.Results Seven positive clones were chosen after panning,phage ELISA and phage micropanning.Six clones displayed peptide EYWYCGMNRTGC(C5),the other one displayed peptide QIWYERTLPFTF(C17).The phages displaying the selected peptides could specifically inhibit agglutination of type A red blood cells(RBCs)by anti-A antibodies.In the ABO-ELISA based on C5 and C17,the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)Curve showed that area under curve(AUC)were 0.889 (P=0.000),0.75l(P=0.000)respectively.The Spearman correlation Coeffieient between the ABO-EliSA value and the antibody titer derived from haemagglutination assay were 0.743(P<0.01),0.664(P<0.01)respectively.As for C5,0.300 was the best cut-off for ABO-ELISA with 82.2% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity.As for C17,the sensitivity and specificity of ABO-ELISA was 68.9% and 63.3% respectively when the cut-off value was 0.250.Conclusions The peptides EYWYCGMNRTGC and QIWYERTLPFTF can mimic the blood type A antigenic epitope.ABO-ELISA based on these peptides has the potential for the detection of anti-A antibody.

In order to investigate peptide mimics of carbohydrate blood group A antigen, a phage display 12-mer peptide library was screened with a monoclonal antibody against blood group A antigen, NaM87-1F6. The antibody-binding properties of the selected phage peptides were evaluated by phage ELISA and phage capture assay. The peptides were co-expressed as glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins. RBC agglutination inhibition assay was performed to assess the natural blood group A antigen-mimicking ability of the fusion proteins. The results showed that seven phage clones selected bound to NaM87-1F6 specifically, among which, 6 clones bore the same peptide sequence, EYWYCGMNRTGC and another harbored a different one QIWYERTLPFTF. The two peptides were successfully expressed at the N terminal of GST protein. Both of the fusion proteins inhibited the RBC agglutination mediated by anti-A serum in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggested that the fusion proteins based on the selected peptides could mimic the blood group A antigen and might be used as anti-A antibody-adsorbing materials when immunoabsorption was applied in ABO incompatible transplantation.
Adsorption ; Bacteriophages ; Blood Group Antigens/*chemistry ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes/chemistry ; Glutathione Transferase/metabolism ; Peptide Library ; Peptides/*chemistry ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the cytotoxic effect of γδ T cells from osteosarcoma patients against interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-treated osteosarcoma cells in vitro.

METHODSHuman γδ T cells were amplified by zoledronate from peripheral blood cells of osteosarcoma patients. The expression of Fas on the osteosarcoma cells were measured by flow cytometry and quantitative real-time PCR analysis before and after IFN-γ treatment. The cytotoxicity of γδ T cells against osteosarcoma cells was evaluated with LDH assay.

RESULTSIFN-γ significantly enhanced the susceptibility of the osteosarcoma cell lines HOS and U2OS to the cytotoxicity of γDelta; T cells from osteosarcoma patients (P<0.01). IFN-γ obviously up-regulated the expression of Fas in HOS and U2OS cells (P<0.01). Anti-FasL mAb failed to inhibit the cytotoxicity of γδ T cells in untreated osteosarcoma targets (P>0.05), but significantly impaired γδ T cell cytotoxicity in IFN-γ pre-treated osteosarcoma targets (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONIFN-γ can enhance the cytotoxic effect of human γδ T cells from osteosarcoma patients against osteosarcoma cells in vitro.

Bone Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; pharmacology ; Osteosarcoma ; immunology ; metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

Objective To analyze the performance of contrast-enhanced uhrasound(CEUS) in the evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer in different periods.Methods A prospective study consisting of 46 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma who received NAC and surgery subsequently was conducted.One patient underwent CEUS before NAC,after the second cycle of NAC and before surgery.CEUS outcomes were compared with histopathologic response by Kappa test using the Miller-Payne Grading(MPG) system.The changes of CEUS quantitative parameters in different periods of NAC were compared.Results 31 patients showed a good response by histopathology while 29 patients by CEUS,which showed good consistence.Kappa value was 0.713.The peak intensity (PI) of the lesions decreased significantly after the second cycle of NAC compared with that before NAC (P＜0.05).The peak intensity (PI),wash-in slope (WIS),and area under curve(AUC) of the lesions decreased significantly before surgery compared with those before NAC (P＜0.05).Conclusion CEUS shows good consistence with histopathologic outcomes.The peak intensity (PI) is a sensitive indicator of early changes after NAC.

Objective To investigate the physicochemical properties and immunogenicity of virus like particles(VLPs) in two different conformations assembled from the essential capsid protein VP1 of GⅡ.4 norovirus(NoV) in Hansenula polymorpha. Methods NoV GⅡ.4 VLPs in two different conforma-tions were prepared from high-density fermentation of recombinant engineered strains and VLPs purification. Physicochemical properties of the two forms of VLPs were identified by Western blot,size-exclusion high per-formance liquid chromatography (SEC-HPLC), dynamic light scattering(DLS) and transmission electron microscopy. Serum VLPs binding activities and blocking activities against VLPs binding to histo-blood group antigen(HBGA-VLPs) were evaluated after immunization of BALB/c mice with the two forms of VLPs. Re-sults VLPs of two different diameters with high homogeneity were obtained after purification. DLS results showed that particle sizes of two VLPs were 53.98 nm and 45.18 nm,respectively. The two VLPs were sim-ilar in binding abilities to HBGA receptors. Serum VLPs binding activities and blocking activities against HBGA-VLPs were found higher in NoV-VLP-L than NoV-VLP-S,but the difference was not statistically sig-nificant (P>0.05). Conclusion VLPs in two different conformations were obtained by expressing NoV GⅡ.4 VP1 proteins in Hansenula polymorpha. Though they were similar in physicochemical properties and immunogenicity,the NoV-VLP-L might be potential antigen candidates for the development of recombinant human norovirus vaccine.

In order to investigate peptide mimics of carbohydrate blood group A antigen, a phage display 12-met peptide library was screened with a monoclonal antibody against blood group A antigen, NaM87-1F6. The antibody-binding properties of the selected phage peptides were evaluated by phage ELISA and phage capture assay. The peptides were co-expressed as glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins. RBC agglutination inhibition assay was performed to assess the natural blood group A antigen-mimicking ability of the fusion proteins. The results showed that seven phage clones selected bound to NaM87-1F6 specifically, among which, 6 clones bore the same peptide sequence, EYWYCGMNRTGC and another harbored a different one QIWYERTLPFrF. The two peptides were successfully expressed at the N terminal of GST protein. Both of the fusion proteins inhibited the RBC agglutination mediated by anti-A serum in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggested that the fusion proteins based on the selected peptides could mimic the blood group A an- tigen and might be used as anti-A antibody-adsorbing materials when immunoabsorption was applied in ABO incompatible transplantation.

The effect of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors Cip1/Wafl (p21) on regulatory expression of survivin transcription in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2 was observed and the related mechanisms explored. Doxorubicin (DOX) was used to treat HepG2. Eukaryotic vector pEGFP-C2-p21 was transfected into HepG2 by lipofectamine and positive clones were screened out by G418. The mRNA expression of p21 and survivin was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR). Flow cytometry was used to examine the cell cycle, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the levels of E2F-1 and p300. The results showed that: (1) After treatment with DOX, the expression of p21 was increased, whereas that of survivin was reduced during 24h of treatment; (2) After transfection of pEGFP-C2-p21 into HepG2, p21 level was significantly enhanced to 2100.11-folds or 980.89-folds in comparison to HepG2 or HepG2-C2 group, and survivin level was markedly down-regulated to 0.54% or 0.59% relative to the control groups; (3) Overexpressed p21 resulted in G1/G0 phase arrest (F=31.59,P<0.01), meanwhile E2F-1 mRNA and p300 mRNA were reduced as compared with those of controls (FE2F-1=125.28,P<0.05;Fp300=46.01,P<0.01). It was suggested that p21 could be a potential mediator of survivin suppression at transcription level in HepG2 cell, which might be through the block at G1/G0 phase and down-regulation of transcription factors E2F-1 and p300.

Objective:To evaluate the value of conventional ultrasound(US) combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in the diagnosis of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System( BI-RADS) category 4 small(≤ 2 cm) breast nodules.Methods:A total of 175 breast nodules in 175 patients from Fujian Cancer Hospital between September 2015 and August 2018 classified as BI-RADS category 4 breast nodules with maximum diameter ≤2 cm were evaluated by US and CEUS examinations. All nodules were examined by core-needle biopsy or surgical pathology.The collected ultrasound images and videos were analyzed by blind method. Stepwise Logistic regression was used to analyze the odds ratio of malignant nodules in ultrasound images, and the risk prediction score model was constructed according to OR value. The BI-RADS category was readjusted, and the diagnostic efficiencies before and after adjustment were compared with the ROC curve. Results:Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratios of breast malignant nodules were non-circumscribed margin ( OR=3.32, P=0.052), calcification in the mass ( OR=7.42, P=0.002), architectural distortion ( OR=38.58, P<0.001), ductal dilatation ( OR=0.01, P=0.010), suspicious or abnormal axillary lymph nodes ( OR=10.92, P=0.003), enlarged lesion scope ( OR=3.38, P=0.040), penetrating vessels ( OR=10.79, P=0.006), and non-circumscribed margin after enhancement( OR=6.24, P=0.003). When the cut-off value was 3.5, the area under ROC curve, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 0.951, 87.80%, 89.20% and 88.57%, respectively. After adjusting BI-RADS classification and taking the adjusted BI-RADS category 4a as the biopsy threshold, the biopsy rate decreased from 100% to 58.86%, the cancer detection rate increased from 46.86% to 75.73%, and the risk of missed diagnosis was 2.29%. The area under ROC curve before and after BI-RADS classification adjustment was 0.838 and 0.937, respectively. Conclusions:US combined with CEUS can improve the diagnostic efficiency of BI-RADS category 4 small breast nodules and reduce unnecessary biopsy.

Osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly will seriously reduce their quality of life and life expectancy. For osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, spinal reconstruction is necessary, which should comprehensively consider factors such as the physical condition, fracture type, clinical characteristics and osteoporosis degree. While there lacks relevant clinical norms or guidelines on selection of spinal reconstruction strategies. In order to standardize the concept of spinal reconstruction for osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, based on the principles of scientificity, practicality and progressiveness, the authors formulated the Clinical guideline for spinal reconstruction of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in elderly patients ( version 2022), in which suggestions based on evidence of evidence-based medicine were put forward upon 10 important issues related to the fracture classification, non-operative treatment strategies and surgical treatment strategies in spinal reconstruction after osteoporosis thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, hoping to provide a reference for clinical treatment.