Cardiopulmonary arrest is one of the most critical situations,posing a serious threat to life.With the development of medical technology, the rate of return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest has been improved.However, many children suffer from multiple organ dysfunction because of the long hypoxia time from cardioplumonary arrest, so the rate of long-term survival is relatively low and the long-term outcome is still not satisfactory.Therefore, how to make cardiopulmonary resuscitation more effective is the focus of current research.This article reviews the related factors that affect the outcome of resuscitation, providing references for the treatment of cardiopulmonary arrest in children.

Background One of the important machanisms of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is to regulate the expression of connexin (Cx) gene.ATRA inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of retinoblastoma (RB) cells,which is related to Cx43.However,the control site of ATRA and its effect on RB tumor in vivo have not been identified.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of ATRA on Cx43 expression in RB cells and its approach mechanisms.Methods ATRA solution of 1 × 10 2 mol/L was prepared with ethanol and formulated into 1×10 5,1×10-6and 1 × 10 7 mol/L of solution with culture medium further.Human RB cell line (HXO-RB44) was cultured and treated with different concentrations of ATRA for 2,4 and 6 days,respectively.The expressions of Cx43 protein and mRNA in RB cells were detected by Western blot and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR),respectively.RB models were established by injecting HXO-RB44 cell suspension into anterior chamber in the right eyes of 15 athymic mice.Eleven successful models were divided into the blank control group,negative control group and 1 × 10-5 mol/L ATRA group,and 0.5％ normal saline solution with athymic or 1 ×10-5 mol/L ATRA solution was injected into the anterior chamber in the negative control group and 1 × 10-5 mol/L ATRA group in the 3-day interval for 3 weeks.The model eyes were examined under the slit lamp microscope.The eyeballs were extracted at the end of the experiment for hematoxylin and eosin staining.Results Western blot assay showed that the absorbance values of Cx43 protein (ACx43/AGAPDH) were increased gradually as time lapse of ATRA treatment among the groups (Ftime =71.31,P =0.00; Fgroup =7.66,P =0.00).The expressions of Cx43 protein were significantly higher in the 1 × 10 5 mol/L ATRA group after 2 days,1 × 10-6 mol/L ATRA group after 4 days,1 × 10-7 mol/L ATRA group after 6 days than those in the blank control group at various time points (t =3.34,P＜0.01 ;t =2.33,P＜0.05;t =3.12,P＜ 0.01).RT-PCR showed that the absorbance values of Cx43 mRNA (ACx43mRXA/Aβ-actin) were significantly enhanced as the prolong of treatment time of ATRT among the groups (Ftime =90.90,P =0.00 ; Fgroup =6.86,P =0.00).The expressions of Cx43 mRNA were significantly higher in the 1 × 10-5 mol/L ATRA group after 2 days,1 × 10 6 mol/L ATRA group and 1 ×10-7 mol/L ATRA group after 4 days than those in the blank control group at various time points (t=3.57,P＜0.01 ;t=6.31,P＜0.01 ;t=2.22,P＜0.05).RB models were successfully created in 11 eyes on the 6-9 days following the intrachamber injection of RB cell suspension.The RB cells were filled with chamber in the blank control group 20 days after injection,and RB only occupied half of the anterior chamber in the 1 × 10-5 mol/L ATRA group.Histopathological examination exhibited that the RB cells were seen in the anterior and posterior chamber as well as vitreous in the blank control group,however,the cells were only found in the anterior chamber in the 1 × 10 5 mol/L ATRA group.Conclusions ATRA can inhibit the growth of RB in vitro and in vivo by inducing the expression of Cx43 gene in transcription process.

The paper described the main function modules, system architecture, key technology and reservation business process of the appointment register platform system; security measure of the reservation platform system, as evidenced by the access of third-party payment interface, multi-tier data service, digital safety network among others which are designed to ensure the security and operability of the system.

The increasing magnetic strengths used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with a greater number of MRI patients with cochlear implants (CIs) raises possible safety issues.This paper reviews the interactions between MRI and CI,and assesses MRI compatibility and safety of CIs at 0.2,0.3,1.0,1.5 and 3.0 tesla (T).In a word,CIs represent a significantcontraindication to MRI.Only after careful evaluation of the individual risk and careful preparations can an MRI be safely performed.

Objective To establish a method for the content determination of naringin in Bogu Pill by HPLC. Methods At room temperature and by using ultrasonic extraction, HPLC was performed to determine naringin content on ODS chromatographic column.The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of acetonitrile and 8 % acetic acid (15 ∶ 85)and detection wavelength was at 283 nm.Results The linearity of naringin was in the range of 5.2 ? g / mL～ 31.2 ? g / mL (r=0.9999) and the average recovery was 98.72 % , RSD=1.55 % . Conclusion This method was simple, sensitive and accurate, and can be used for the quality control of Bogu Pill.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the characteristics of promoter methylation of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor(TSHR) gene in papillary thyroid Carcinomas(PTC) and the clinical manifestation of PTC. Methods The methylation status of TSHR gene was detected by methylation specific PCR technique(MSP).Results (1) The methylation rate of TSHR gene in PTC tissues was 64.7%(22/34),while the methylation rate of TSHR gene in adjacent thyroid tissues(ATT) was 26.5%(9/34),and the rate of methylation of TSHR promoter in PTC was significantly higher than of ATT(P

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of nutrition education on the outcomes and dietary intake during pregnancy.MethodsFrom January 2007 to December 2008,240 healthy pregnant outpatients were selected from Jining First People's Hospital.Subjects were randomly and equally divided into the intervention group and control group,and the intervention group received nutrition education till labor.Through the comparison of two groups,the impact of nutrition education on the outcomes and dietary intake was assessed.ResultsBirth weight of the newborn infauts was significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group( (3.15 ±0.81 )kg vs (3.33 ± 0.56)kg,t =2.04,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the incidence rate of anemia was lower in the intervention group (45.8％ vs 59.8％,x2 =4.56,P ＜0.05).The intervention group had higher proportion of supplementation in iron,folic acid and compound vitamins (P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences were also observed in the frequency of intake fried food,pork,poultry,milk,soybean milk and fresh fruits (P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionNutrition education can improve the outcomes and dietary intake during pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: In spite of some good successes of nickel-titanium alloy have been achieved in orthopaedic surgery, there are still serious limitations in clinical application, such as potential leakage of elements and ions, which could be toxic to cells, tissues and organs. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress and the exiting problems of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy in orthopaedics and to provide theoretical supports for safe use of the alloy in clinical practice.METHODS: A computer-based online search of Springerlink and CNKI was performed for articles published between 2003 and 2010 both in Chinese and English. The search was conducted respectively with the key words of "nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (NiTi-SMA), biocompatibility, modifications, orthopaedics". Researches regarding nickel-titanium shape memory alloy and its properties, clinical applications, corrosion performance, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance by surface/structure modifications and the long-term challenges were included. Irrelevant or repetitive articles were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has special value in medical field due to favorable shape-memory and superelasticity. However, due to the nickel toxicity, it is of great importance to elevate corrosion resistance of nickel-titanium alloy. The modifications of the alloy are the main focus and direction for further research.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Chinese medicine prescriptions Gancaofuzi-tang and Tongbi-fang on adjusting the dynamic expression of related cytokines and further ameliorating the histopathology of synovitis in rats with Ⅱ collagen induced arthritis(CIA).Methods:The experimental Wistar rat model of CIA was set up successfully.The rats divided into five groups in random: normal(N),Gancaofuzi-tang treatment(GF),Tongbi-fang treatment(TB),Puwei western medicine treatment(PW) and model control(C).The different medicine was affused into stomach 1.5 ml/rat,once daily.The rats were sacrificed after 6 weeks of medicine administration.Foot swelling degrees of the rats were measured every other day,and then calculate swelling rates.Getting blood after 3 weeks of treatment from rat's innercanthus to detect the level of serum Sialic Acid(SA) and the level of serum IL-2 and TNF-? by ELISA.The synovial histopathology was observed with HE staining under optical microscope.Results:Gancaofuzi-tang and Tongbi-fang significantly decreased swelling rate of joints in CIA rats.The pathology of synovisl tissues was markedly ameliorated.After administration for 3 weeks,the levels of serum SA,IL-2 and TNF-? of the rats in GF and TB groups were significantly decreased compared with the control.Continuous administration for 6 weeks,the levels of the targets in GF and TB rats reached to near the normal level.Conclusion:All the results demonstrate that Gancaofuzi-tang and Tongbi-fang play anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory roles in CIA rats through inhibiting activation of some inflammatory mediators,adjusting related cytokines expression,then eliminating the joint swelling and improving synovitis pathology,which might be looked as immune suppression effects similar to NSAID medicine.

This paper presents the ultrastructrual changes of male rats gonadotrophs at 7, 15, 30, 50 days after cadmium chloride (Cd) injection (2mg/kg). The differences of morphometric parameters of gonadotrophs and plasma value of FSH were revealed by statistics.The results showed that no injured alterations were found in gonadotrophs but appeared castration like features. These changes feature were most prominent after 15 days and then recovered to normal gradually. The main alterations of gonadotrophs were dilatation, and proliferation and decrease in the specific surface of RER as well as there were low density materials in the dilated cisterna. The numerical and volume density of large and small secretion granules were decreased greatly in all of the treatment groups. The variance of diameter of the large and small secretion granules were not conspicuous and the differences of volume and numerical density of the mitochondria among the control and treatment groups were also no significance. The hypertrophy of Golgi complex of the gonadotrophs were very obvious and the number of the gonadotrophs were increased in the Cd treated rats. The plasma value of FSH measurement indicated that the FSH level increased after 7days and the highest value appeared after 15 days. However, it did not return to normal after 50 days. These results suggested that gonadotrophs were not susceptible to Cd. The hypertraphy, hyperplasia and increase in synthesis and secretion of the gonadotrophs resulted from feedback by the effect of Cd induced injury on testes.