the paper discussed the unavoidable ethical conflicts during disaster medical treatment:Equal right to treatment enjoyed by everyone vs.priority for those who need emergency treatment;Humanity principle vs.relinquishment of invalid treament;Informed consent principle vs.emergency treatment;Life rescue vs.life quality improvement during treatment.

Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Staphylococcus ; isolation & purification

Objective　To explore the relationship between free fatty acid metabolites and the acute cerebral infarction based on tandem mass spectrometry.Methods　Collecting 460 objects admitted to the first affiliated hospital of jinzhou medical university from October 2019 to January 2020.According to the presence of new cerebral infarction in the head imaging examination，they were divided into two groups：acute cerebral infarction group and control group.The tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect plasma 25 free fatty acids metabolites.Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)，Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and logistic regression were used to screen the differential metabolites.Results　There are 5 free fatty acid metabolites and the comprehensive indicators W significantly correlated with the incidence of cerebral infarction.The area under curve (AUC) of each metabolite for predicting cerebral infarction was as follows：W (0.917)，palmitic acid (0.892)，stearic acid (0.878)，linoleic acid (0.864)，oleic acid (0.840)，arachidonic acid (0.806).Conclusion　Linoleic acid，palmitic acid，stearic acid，arachidonic acid，oleic acid may be related to the occurrence and development of cerebral infarction，and the study of their metabolic processes may provide a basis for exploring the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction.

BACKGROUND: The previous experiments have conformed the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Jiannaaan, with the effects of tonifying kidney, promoting blood circulation and resolving phlegm, can inhibit the increased content of glucocorticoid (GC) in 2-24 hours after cerebral ischemic reperfusion (CIR), and reduce toxic effects of promoting nervous cell apoptosis induced by high GC. However, it is unclear whether this effect exists in GC receptor (GR).OBJECTIVE: To observe the intervention of TCM Jiannaoan on GR,further study protective mechanism of Jiannaoan power to hippocampal neurons after CIR, and perform positive control with compound almitrine.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled trial taken animals as subjects.SETTING: Center Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Center Laboratory of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between July 2002 and March 2003. Eighty male SD rats were randomized into 5 groups with 16 in each: Sham group, model group, treatment group, positive control group and antagonist group. And each group was divided into 4 subgroups: 2, 6,12 and 24 hours after CIR, with 4 rats at every time point.METHODS:①Administration: Except model group, rats in other 4 groups were administrated by intragastric infusion since 7 days before model establishment, once per day, with dose of 7 μL/g per day distilled water in sham group, 7.39 mg/kg per day compound almitrine in positive control group, 6.7 g/kg per day Jiannaoan crude drug (consisted of desertliving cistanche herb, tatarinowii sweetflag rhizome and rhubarb, etc) in treatment group and 10 g/kg per day GR antagonist mifepristone in antagonist group.② After 7-day administration, the CIR models were prepared on the experimental rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) filament method, while the rats in sham group were sutured after common carotid artery detachment at anesthesia, without filament.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All the rats were executed to take out brains at different time points of reperfusion, and the change of GR protein expression was observed with immunohistochemical method then the amount of positive cells were calculated in 3×200 sight of CA2 region.RESULTS: Totally 80 rats were entered into the result analysis. Compared with uninjured side, the protein expression of GR in model group,treatment group, positive control group and antagonist group were significantly lower than that of sham group (P ＜ 0.05), in which GR expression of injured side was equal to that of uninjured side without significant difference. No obvious change was found in the protein expression of GR among treatment group, positive group and antagonist group at different time points of reperfusion, and no significant difference was found between above groups and model group (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Jiannaoan power is selective for adjusting GR and content of GC: Jiannaoan can not adjust expression of GR, identical as compound almitrine; But Jiannaoan can protect the neurons through decreasing the content of GC in plasm and brain tissues after CIR.

AIM: To investigate the relationship between glucocorticoid (Gc) and injury of hippocampus neurons and the effect of Gc on dementia episode after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS: The rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MACO) was established. Cortisol contents in hippocampus and plasma of the model rats were examined by means of the radioimmunoassay at 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h after reperfusion. RESULTS: The levels of cortisol content in model group were significantly higher than those in sham group and normal group both in hippocampus and plasma. The highest cortisol content was observed at 6 hours after reperfusion. HE staining showed that the impairment of hippocampus neurons was aggravated progressively with reperfusion interval elongating. CONCLUSION: The increased cortisol in hippocampus and plasma, after 2 h cerebral ischemia and 24 h reperfusion, could aggravate the injury of hippocampus neurons and lead to dementia post stroke.

Objective To investigate the effect of fullerol on the osteogenic differentiation of rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rADSCs) based on hanging drop culture. Methods rADSC spheres were formed by hanging drop culture for 3 days, then the spheres were dissociated to single cell by trypsin (called rADSC sphere-derived cells). The rADSC spherederived cells were cultured in 2-D adherent cell cultures for 24 hours, then the ordinary culture medium was replaced by osteogenic induction medium (osteogenic medium, OM). OM without fullerol served as control group (CM); OM with 1.0μmol/L fullerol was used as the experimental group (OM+Ful1.0μmol/L). Two groups were induced to differentiation for 14d and 21d, using two methods of alizarin red staining and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) to detecte the ability of rADSC sphere-derived cells differentiating into osteoblasts. Results rADSCs could form a uniform size microspheres structure through hanging drop culture for 3 days; rADSC sphere-derived cells were obtained by dissipation of trypsin. Compared with OM group, OM+Ful1.0μmol/L can make rADSC sphere-derived cells form more mineralized calcium nodules, and enhance the expression of the relevant osteogenic gene Runx2, OCN and ColI. Conclusion Fullerol can significantly enhance the osteogenic differentiation of rADSCs based on hanging drop culture, and it is helpful to improve the efficiency of osteogenic induction of rADSCs.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of honokiol on proliferation, migration and apoptosis of human tongue carcinoma CAL-27 cells. METHODS: Routinely cultured CAL-27 cells were treated with 20, 40, or 60 μmol/L honokiol and the changes in cell proliferation were assessed with MTT assay. The scratch wound healing assay was used to assess the migration ability of the treated cells, and the cell apoptosis was detected with Hoechst33342 fluorescence staining and annexin V-FITC/PI method. The protein expression levels of p-Pi3k, p-Fak, Fak, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-Akt, Akt, Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase-3 in the treated cells were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS: Treatment with honokiol at 20, 40, and 60 μmol/L for 24 h significantly lowered the proliferation and migration ability of CAL-27 cells. The number of apoptotic cells increased with the increase of honokiol concentration, which resulted in a cell apoptosis rate of (15.24±2.06)% at 20 μmol/L, (35.03±2.42)% at 40 μmol/L, and (48.13±4.61)% at 60 μmol/L, as compared with (6.53±1.80)% in the control group. The expressions of p-Pi3k, p-Fak, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-Akt and BCL-2 decreased and those of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 increased significantly in the cells after the treatment ( < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Honokiol can inhibit the proliferation and migration and induce apoptosis of CAL-27 cells possibly by regulating the expressions of p-Pi3k, p-Fak, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-Akt, Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase-3.
Apoptosis ; Biphenyl Compounds ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Lignans ; Tongue Neoplasms

AIMTo investigate the effects of injectio Salvia Miltiorrhiza (SM) on gentamicin (GM)-induced free radical formation in guinea pig cochlea, and to explore possible mechanisms on GM-induced ototoxicity.

METHODSBiochemical assays of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in guinea pig cochlea, combined with auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurement and transmission electron microscopic observation were used in this investigation.

RESULTSSOD activity was significantly declined while MDA content was distinctly increased in cochlear tissues after GM injection (P < 0.01). Moreover, they were well correlated with auditory function damage (|r| > 0.7). Co-treatment with SM evidently enhanced SOD activity and decreased MDA content (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Furthermore, auditory function was markedly ameliorated. Morphological changes of cochlea were consistent with those of hearing function.

CONCLUSIONLipid peroxidation elicited by free radical was involved in GM-induced cochleotoxicity. SM might enhance SOD activity and prevent lipid peroxidation. As the result it might alleviate GM ototoxicity, and improve auditory function.

Animals ; Cochlea ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Free Radicals ; metabolism ; Gentamicins ; toxicity ; Guinea Pigs ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Through analyzing the problems of time,selection mode,research plan,and tracking review in the ethical review of scientific research projects,this paper put forward the corresponding countermeasures:standardized application procedures,diverse selection mode,standardized research plan,and strict tracking review.It aimed to improve the quality of ethical review of scientific research projects and improve the ethical review system.

Burns ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Seasons