Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of non-instrumental resistance training on exercise capacity of patients with chronic heart disease. Methods: Nineteen elderly male patients (66.2±5.7 years) participated in the study. All had experienced coronary artery bypass surgery, coronary artery intervention, or aortic valve replacement [left ventricular ejection fraction (EF): 54.0±15.8 %]. Patients were divided into two groups. T group (N=9) performed combined aerobic and non-instrumental resistance training; and C group (N=10) performed only aerobic exercise. Resistance training involved 10 to 15 repetitions (maximum)(RM) of squats, push ups, calf raises and trunk curls. Each exercise included 3 sets of 10 repetitions repeated 3 times a week. Aerobic exercise was prescribed at the intensity of the aerobic threshold (AT) level 3 times a week. There was no significant base line for either T group or C group. Results: After three months of exercise, peak torque, peak VO₂, and peak watts were significantly greater in T group, compared to those of C group. However, there was no significant correlation (r = .49) between the improvement of peak VO₂ and peak torque. Conclusion: It was concluded that combined aerobic and non-instrumental resistance training is more effective than aerobic exercise alone for exercise capacity of patients with chronic heart disease. Home-based non-instrumental resistance training is usually highly significant from the perspective of the exercise capacity of patients with chronic heart disease.

Background/Aims: Multiple white and flat elevated lesions (MWFL) that develop from the gastric corpus to the fornix may be strongly associated with oral antacid intake. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between the occurrence of MWFL and oral proton pump inhibitor (PPI) intake and clarify the endoscopic and clinicopathological characteristics of MWFL. Methods: The study included 163 patients. The history of oral drug intake was collected, and serum gastrin levels and anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G antibody titers were measured. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed. The primary study endpoint was the association between MWFL and oral PPI intake. Results: In the univariate analyses, MWFL were observed in 35 (49.3%) of 71 patients who received oral PPIs and 10 (10.9%) of 92 patients who did not receive oral PPIs. The occurrence of MWFL was significantly higher among patients who received PPIs than in those who did not (p<0.001). Moreover, the occurrence of MWFL was significantly higher in patients with hypergastrinemia (p=0.005). In the multivariate analyses, oral PPI intake was the only significant independent factor associated with the presence of MWFL (p=0.001; odds ratio, 5.78; 95% confidence interval, 2.06–16.2). Conclusions Our findings suggest that oral PPI intake is associated with the presence of MWFL (UMINCTR 000030144).