We report the case of a patient with a retro-odontoid synovial cyst, coupled with os odontoideum and atlantoaxial instability. We observed the regression of the cyst after C1-2 transarticular screw fixation and posterior wiring without direct surgical excision of the cyst on the follow-up MR images, which were obtained two and three months postoperatively. The myelopathic symptoms and signs of this patient were resolved by degrees.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Synovial Cyst*

Intraspinal synovial cysts are commonly found in the lumbar spine and occur less commonly in the cervical spine. Occurrence of a cyst in the thoracic spine causing myelopathy is extremely rare. We report here the radiological findings of a case of a thoracic intraspinal synovial cyst that caused myelopathy at the T2-3 level with an accompanying review of the clinical literature.
Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spine ; Synovial Cyst

Intraspinal synovial cysts are rare but they are being documented with increasing frequency due to improvements in radiological imaging. However, hemorrhage into synovial cysts is uncommon, and affected patients may present with acute onset radiculopathy. This type of hemorrhage is known to result from rupture of fragile neoangiogenic vessels in the cyst wall, due to a traumatic event or anticoagulant therapy. Here, the authors present a rare case of hemorrhagic lumbar synovial cyst caused by spinal instability after microscopic discectomy. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of hemorrhagic lumbar synovial cyst caused by spinal instability following microscopic discectomy in the absence of a traumatic event or anticoagulant therapy. We discuss the pathophysiological mechanism of this uncommon entity and provide a review of the literature.
Diskectomy* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Radiculopathy ; Rupture ; Synovial Cyst*

Herniation of the synovium from the joint space into perioarticular soft tissues is a relatively common complication of adult rheumatoid arthritis, but rare in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The most completely described is the popliteal cysts. However, cysts have rarely been reported in the arm. Authors experienced a case of a boy with systemic form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis who have bicipital synovial cysts in both arm and report this with a review of literature.
Adult ; Arm ; Arthritis, Juvenile* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Popliteal Cyst ; Synovial Cyst ; Synovial Membrane

Synovial cysts occur typically in peripheral joints and tendon sheaths. They rarely occur intraspinally. Recently we have experienced a case of extradural synovial cyst in the cervical spine, causing a myelopathy which results in progressive motor weakness and sensory change. The case is therefore presented with review of literatures.
Joints ; Spinal Cord Diseases* ; Spine ; Synovial Cyst* ; Tendons

Synovial cysts are recognized as an uncommon cause of radicular and myelopathic symptoms. They are most frequently found in the lumbar region. The cervical spine or cervicothoracic junction is a rare location for a degenerative intraspinal synovial cyst as compared with the lumbar spine. At given cervical spinal levels, synovial cysts probably share clinical features with disc herniation and stenosis. However, the pathogenesis of synovial cysts remains still controversial. Here, we report a rare case of a synovial cyst in the lower cervical spine presented as Brown-Sequard syndrome and include a brief review of the literature. To the best of our knowledge, no previous report has been issued in the English literature on a synovial cyst presenting with Brown-Sequard syndrome. Neurologic function recovered completely after complete removal of the cyst and expansive laminoplasty.
Brown-Sequard Syndrome* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Lumbosacral Region ; Spine ; Synovial Cyst*

Lumbar intraspinal synovial cysts are included in the difference diagnosis of lumbar radiculopathy. Developing imaging modalities has result in increased reporting about these lesions. However, the case of bilateral new lumbar intraspinal synovial cysts after laminectomy has been rarely reported. We report of a rare case with bilateral lumbar intraspinal synovial cysts after laminectomy, requiring surgical excision.
Diagnosis ; Epidural Space ; Laminectomy ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Radiculopathy ; Synovial Cyst*

Spontaneous epidural hematomas (SEHs) of the lumbar spine are rare. The pathogenesis is not entirely clear, but several reports have suggested that bleeding originating in the venous epidural plexus is the cause. This is the second report of a SEH thought to be the result of facet joint hemorrhage with no previous synovial cyst formation. A magnetic resonance image revealed a mass beginning in the left epidural space and continuing through to the left L5-S1 facet joint. Surgically, the epidural hematoma, which was covered by a very thin translucent membrane, was visualized directly. A histopathological examination revealed the wall of the epidural hematoma to be composed of very thin fibrous connective tissue with no synovium lining. The purpose of this study was to report a case of an epidural hematoma originated from lumbar facet joint, diagnosed by radiological examination, and to present a review of the subject literature.
Connective Tissue ; Epidural Space ; Hematoma* ; Hemorrhage ; Membranes ; Spine ; Synovial Cyst ; Synovial Membrane ; Zygapophyseal Joint*

Synovial cysts of the temporomandibular joint seem to develop by an increase of intraarticular pressure due to trauma or inflammation which causes capsular herniation. However, if inflammatory synovial cysts develop by an increase of synovial fluid into inflammation tissue in the capsule without capsular herniation, a differential diagnosis should include synovial chondromatosis and synovitis. This is a case report of a synovial cyst developed in a capsule of the temporomandibular joint.]]>
Chondromatosis, Synovial ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Joints ; Male ; Mouth ; Synovial Cyst ; Synovial Fluid ; Synovitis ; Temporomandibular Joint

Cutaneous metaplastic synovial cyst (CMSC) refers to a cyst lined by metaplastic synovial tissue including villous structures. It is thought to be a tissue reaction to local trauma, and most cases have a history of preceding surgery or trauma. Clinically, most of the lesion is a tender intradermal nodule that is associated with scar tissue. However, dermatologists have difficulty in diagnosing CMSC because CMSC is reported only rarely and its clinical manifestation can be confused with implantational epidermal cyst, suture granuloma or other cutaneous cysts. Thus, a histopathological exam is mandatory for diagnosis of CMSC. Herein we report the case of an 18-year-old man who developed CMSC on the left cheek on the posterior ramus of the mandible. He had a history of repetitive digital manipulation of the lesion before the onset of CMSC.
Adolescent ; Cheek ; Cicatrix ; Epidermal Cyst ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Mandible ; Sutures ; Synovial Cyst