Guillain-Barr syndrome is rarely complicated by hypertension, which has been ascribed to sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity. We report a 11 years old female with Guillain-Barr syndrome complicated by persistent hypertension associated with elevated renin-angiotensin. So we report this case with brief review of related literatures.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Sympathetic Nervous System

BACKGROUND: Amezinium methylsulfate(Risumic) is the useful drug in the treatment of essential hypotension. This drug elevate blood pressure by stimulating sympathetic nervous system and improve symptoms related hypotension. This study was designed to evaluate efficacy and safety of Risumic for patients with essential hypotension. METHODS: This study was performed in patients with systolic blood pressure less than 100mmHg from June, 1999 to December, 1999. Risumic blood pressure response, improvement of symptom and side effect were examined in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. RESULTS: Total of 54 patients participated in this study and only 55.6% of them were finished and the rest of them(44.4%) was stopped. 6 patients of this patients were stopped because of side effects. But there was no difference in side effects in Risumic and placebo periods. In diastolic BP, Risumic group is 5mmHg higher than placebo group. And then there was significant difference in statistics. CONCLUSIONS: In essential hypotensive patients, Risumic is elevater DBP than SBP, side effects frequency was no significance difference in Risumic and placebo group.
Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Sympathetic Nervous System

Humans ; Hypertension ; Sympathetic Nervous System ; metabolism ; pathology

Ganglionneuroma is slow-growing benign neoplasm that orignates from the sympathetic nervous system. A case of dumb-bell shaped Ganglionneuroma at first and second cervical areas is presented on this paper with chief complaint of neck pain and quadriparesis. The tumor was totally removed under operating microscope and the diagnosis was pathohistologically confirmed. The postoperative result was good and relative literatures were reviewed.
Diagnosis ; Ganglioneuroma* ; Neck Pain ; Quadriplegia ; Sympathetic Nervous System

BACKGROUND: Sevoflurane is a new inhalation anesthetic, which shows stable hemodynamic features, and does not have a pungent odor, so that it can be used as an inhalational induction agent. But mask ventilation can make patients anxious, and can stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of midazolam administered right before inhalation induction with sevoflurane on the autonomic nervous system using power spectral analysis. METHODS: We studied 28 patients undergoing elective surgery. They were assigned to one of two groups to receive either sevoflurane with midazloam (M group) or sevoflurane alone (S group). Anesthesia was induced with 6% sevoflurane and 0.03 mg/kg midazolam or 6% sevoflurane alone. Midazolam was administered immediately before induction with sevoflurane. An electrocardiogram was applied to all patients and connected to a computer, for power spectral analysis. Power values were recorded on arrival, pre-intubation, post-intubation and pre-incision, and compared between two groups. RESULTS: Power values at low frequency were lower, and the time to loss of eye lash reflex and induction were shorter in the M group than in the S group. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of midazolam before induction with sevoflurane reduced the activity of the sympathetic nervous system versus induction with sevoflurane alone.
Anesthesia ; Autonomic Nervous System* ; Electrocardiography ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Masks ; Midazolam ; Odors ; Reflex ; Sympathetic Nervous System ; Ventilation

Harlequin syndrome is a rare disorder of the sympathetic nervous system characterized by unilateral facial flushing and sweating. Although its etiology is unknown, this syndrome appears to be a dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. To the best of our knowledge, thus far, very few reports on perioperative Harlequin syndrome after thoracic surgery have been published in the thoracic surgical literature. Here, we present the case of a 6-year-old patient who developed this unusual syndrome following the resection of a posterior mediastinal mass.
Autonomic Nervous System ; Child ; Flushing ; Ganglioneuroma* ; Humans ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Sympathetic Nervous System ; Thoracic Surgery

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to find out the relationship between autonomous function and fatigue rating. The subjects were patients with complaints of fatigue who visited the department of family medicine in a general hospital. METHODS: We conducted this study from April to December 2002 in patients complaining of fatigue. The subjects were categorized into low, intermediate, and high fatigue groups. Heart rate variability was measured for five minutes at rest, followed by a five minute mental arithmetic test. We analyzed the relationship between fatigue ratings and autonomous function with SPSS 10.0. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant increase in the mean heart rate variability in the all three groups at rest and with stress. There was a statistically significant increase in LF norm increase in the low and high fatigue groups. HF norm showed a statistically significant decrease in the intermediate and high fatigue group. The variation in LF norms was highest in the low fatigue group and lowest. With the mental arithmetic test, the low fatigue group showed decreased rMSSD, HF and HF norm values compared to the intermediate group. The above values showed decrease in the high fatigue group compared to the low group. CONCLUSIONS: Overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system was observed as fatigue ratings increased. The cadiovascular autonomic response tended to decrease as fatigue ratings increased.
Autonomic Nervous System ; Fatigue* ; Heart Rate ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Sympathetic Nervous System

Autonomic Pathways ; Humans ; Parasympathetic Nervous System ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Sympathetic Nervous System

OBJECTIVE: To quantify autonomic dysfunction in fibromyalgia patients compared to healthy controls using heart rate variability (HRV). METHODS: Sixteen patients with fibromyalgia and 16 healthy controls were recruited in this case control study. HRV was measured using the time-domain method incorporating the following parameters: total heartbeats, the mean of intervals between consecutive heartbeats (R-R intervals), the standard deviation of normal to normal R-R intervals (SDNN), the square root of the mean squared differences of successive R-R intervals (RMSSD), ratio of SDNN to RMSSD (SDNN/RMSSD), and difference between the longest and shortest R-R interval under different three conditions including normal quiet breathing, rate controlled breathing, and Valsalva maneuver. The severity of autonomic symptoms in the group of patients with fibromyalgia was measured by Composite Autonomic Symptom Scale 31 (COMPASS 31). Then we analyzed the difference between the fibromyalgia and control groups and the correlation between the COMPASS 31 and aforementioned HRV parameters in the study groups. RESULTS: Patients with fibromyalgia had significantly higher SDNN/RMSSD values under both normal quiet breathing and rate controlled breathing compared to controls. Differences between the longest and shortest R-R interval under Valsalva maneuver were also significantly lower in patients with fibromyalgia than in controls. COMPASS 31 score was negatively correlated with SDNN/RMSSD values under rate controlled breathing. CONCLUSION: SDNN/RMSSD is a valuable parameter for autonomic nervous system function and can be used to quantify subjective autonomic symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia.
Autonomic Nervous System ; Case-Control Studies ; Fibromyalgia* ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Parasympathetic Nervous System ; Respiration ; Sympathetic Nervous System ; Valsalva Maneuver

OBJECTIVE: To find evidence of autonomic imbalance and present the heart rate variability (HRV) parameters that reflect the severity of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) in children with acquired brain injury (ABI). METHODS: Thirteen children with ABI were enrolled and age- and sex-matched children with cerebral palsy were selected as the control group (n=13). The following HRV parameters were calculated: time-domain indices including the mean heart rate, standard deviation of all average R-R intervals (SDNN), root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD), physical stress index (PSI), approximate entropy (ApEn); successive R-R interval difference (SRD), and frequency domain indices including total power (TP), high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF), normalized HF, normalized LF, and LF/HF ratio. RESULTS: There were significant differences between the ABI and control groups in the mean heart rate, RMSSD, PSI and all indices of the frequency domain analysis. The mean heart rate, PSI, normalized LF, and LF/HF ratio increased in the ABI group. The presence of PSH symptoms in the ABI group demonstrated a statistically significant decline of the SDNN, TP, ln TP. CONCLUSION: The differences in the HRV parameters and presence of PSH symptoms are noted among ABI children compared to an age- and sex-matched control group with cerebral palsy. Within the ABI group, the presence of PSH symptoms influenced the parameters of HRV such as SDNN, TP and ln TP.
Autonomic Nervous System ; Brain Injuries* ; Brain* ; Cerebral Palsy ; Child* ; Entropy ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Parasympathetic Nervous System ; Sympathetic Nervous System