Objective To investigate the glial activation in the spinal cord in a rat model of persistent postoperative pain. Methods Forty-eight adult male SD rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 24 each): group Ⅰ sham operation (group S) and group Ⅱ persistent postoperative pain. Persistent postoperative pain was evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) as described by Flatters. Pawwithdrawal threshold to yon Frey hair stimulation was measured before operation (baseline) and at 1, 3, 12, 22and 32 d after establishment of the model. Four animals were sacrificed at each time point and lumbar segment of the spinal cord was removed for determination of expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the astrocytes by immunofluorescence histo-chemistry assay. Results The mechanical threshold started to decrease at 1 d after establishment of the model, and peaked at 12 d after establishment of the mode. Immunofluorescence histochemistry assay demonstrated that GFAP expression in the dorsal horn was significantly increased at 3 d after estabhshment of the model and reached the peak at 12 d and was maintained at the high level until 22 d after establishment of the model. Conclusion Glial activation is involved in the mechanism of persistent postoperative pain evoked by SMIR.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of NF-κB signaling pathway in the spinal cord in persistent postoperative pain evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) in rats.MethodsNinety male SD rats weighing 200-250 g in which intrathecal (IT) catheter was successfully implanted without complication were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =30 each):group sham operation ( group S ) ; groups SMIR and group pyrrolidine dithiocarbarnate (a NF-κB inhibitor) (group PDTC).Persistent postoperative pain was evoked by SMIR according to the method described by Flatters in groups SMIR and PDTC.PDTC 10 ng in 10 μl was injected IT over 30 s once a day for 7 consecutive days after operation in group PDTC.Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation (MWT) was measured at 1 d before (T0,baseline) and 1,3,7,12 and 22 d after surgery (T1-5).Five animals in each group were sacrificed at each time point after MWT measurement and their lumbar segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of TNF-α content (by ELISA).ResultsSMIR significantly decreased MWT after operation at T1-5 and increased TNF-α content in the spinal cord at T3-5.PDTC significantly attenuated SMIR-induced hyperalgesia and increase in TNF-α content in the spinal cord.Conclusion NF-κB signaling pathway in the spinal cord plays an important role in the development of SMIR-induced persistent postoperafive pain in rats.

OBJECTIVE To explore an effective cleaning method to improve the washing quality of contaminated complicated medical instruments.METHODS The used puncture needles were washed by three methods(ultrasonic wave only,ultrasonic wave + polyenzyme detergent,ultrasonic wave + spray washing with special washing-rack designed by ourselves,while artificial washing group as control group,3 pieces per group).After washing,the samples were further assayed with HemoCheck-s swab to compare the washing effect.RESULTS The color of cotton swabs was turned blue or light blue.CONCLUSIONS Our results have demonstrated that ultrasonic cleaning plus spray washing with special washing-rack can improve the cleaning quality.

Objective:We aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemoperfusion (IHCP) after the operation of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Meth-ods:Analysis of 60 patients with advanced ovarian cancer was performed at the Zhengzhou People's Hospital from April 2009 to July 2012. The patients were divided into two groups, namely, the research and control groups. The research group was treated with neoadju-vant chemotherapy combined with cytoreductive surgery and IHCP twice (cisplatin at 80 mg), and subsequently, with chemotherapy (TC/TP). The control group underwent primary cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy (TC/TP). We compared the differences be-tween the two groups in terms of the following parameters:operation time, bleeding volume, volume of ascites, and postoperative che-motherapy. Results:The treatments in the research group were more efficient than those performed on the control group in terms of all the intraoperative indicators, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with conventional methods, the neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with cytoreductive surgery and IHCP after operation was more ef-fective for patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Thus, neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with cytoreductive surgery and IHCP af-ter operation can be applied in clinical settings.

Objective To investigate the affect of body positions on biochemical indexes. Methods By autogenous contrast and cross matched survey, 107 volunteers divided into 3 season patches of winter, spring and summer, blood samples were drawn from the same part in both standing and lying positions。From19 persons, blood samples were collected respectively after standing and sitting for 15 min, lying for 15 min and 30 min and then sitting for another 15 min。 The blood samples were analyzed for 32 biochemical indexes on analyzer。Results 25 biochemical indexes in sitting position were significantly different from those in lying position (P0。05)。Conclusions Changing body position can result in obvious physiological variation of 28 biochemical indexes, particularly of those related to protein. Such result may lead to abnormality in some marginal values. It suggests body position should not be neglected in analyzing laboratory data.

Objective: To explore the status quo and influencing factors of psychological stress in pregnant women in the third trimester, and to propose reasonable intervention measures to improve their current situation, and to provide reference and guarantee for their smooth transition through pregnancy. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate 92 pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from June 2017 to June 2018 by using questionnaires, quality of life and stress scales.The results of the survey were investigated and analyzed. Results: The survey showed that the average psychological stress score of pregnant women in the third trimester was (1.79±0.46)points.The main stressors were psychological pressures to protect the health of pregnant women and the safety of the fetus.The planned pregnancy was the influencing factor of psychological stress (F=2.456, P=0.015). The negative life events and subjective support and stressors 1, 2, 3, etc.as independent variables, the results showed that stress source 2, positive life events and anxiety were the main influencing factors of patients' psychological stress (t=6.874, 3.692, 2.754, all P<0.05). Conclusion The psychological stress status of pregnant women in the third trimester is moderate, and the planned pregnancy is the influencing factor.The main psychological stress is to protect the health of the pregnant woman and the safety of the fetus.Therefore, the clinical counseling can be actively carried out in the clinic and the intervention of pregnant women's psychology should be strengthened to alleviate the bad mood and relieve psychological stress.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the intra-fraction displacements of the mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes by using four-dimensional CT (4D-CT) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients with NSCLC, who were to be treated by using three dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT), underwent a 4D-CT simulation during free breathing. The mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes were delineated on the CT images of 10 phases of the breath cycle. The lymph nodes were grouped as the upper, middle and lower mediastinal groups depending on the mediastinal regions. The displacements of the center of the lymph node in the left-right (LR), anterior-posterior (AP), and superior-inferior (SI) directions were measured. RESULTS: The mean displacements of the center of the mediastinal lymph node in the LR, AP, and SI directions were 2.24 mm, 1.87 mm, and 3.28 mm, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between the displacements in the SI and LR, and the SI and AP directions (p < 0.05). For the middle and lower mediastinal lymph nodes, the displacement difference between the AP and SI was statistically significant (p = 0.005; p = 0.015), while there was no significant difference between the LR and AP directions (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The metastatic mediastinal lymph node movements are different in the LR, AP, and SI directions in patients with NSCLC, particularly for the middle and lower mediastinal lymph nodes. The spatial non-uniform margins should be considered for the metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes in involved-field radiotherapy.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*radiography/radiotherapy ; Contrast Media/diagnostic use ; Female ; Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography/*methods ; Humans ; Iohexol/analogs & derivatives/diagnostic use ; Lung Neoplasms/*radiography/radiotherapy ; Lymphatic Metastasis/*radiography ; Male ; Mediastinum/radiography ; Middle Aged ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Statistics, Nonparametric

Purpose/Significance By using data mining methods,the medication rules and prescription characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for treating hypertension with preserved ejection fraction heart failure are discussed.Method/Process The da-tabase is established based on the TCMprescription information of hypertensive patients with preserved ejection fraction heart failure ad-mitted to the Cardiovascular Disease Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine from Janu-ary 2019 to July 2022.SPSS Statistics and Moderler software are used to analyze the frequency,taste,meridian tropism,efficacy,associ-ation rules,clustering and factor analysis of the prescriptions to explore medication rules.Result/Conclusion TCMin the treatment of hy-pertension with preserved ejection fraction heart failure is mainly to replenish qi and spleen,nourish the heart and calm the mind,relieve phlegm,relieve cough and asthma,and pay attention to promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,promoting water infiltra-tion and dampness,which can reflect the overall concept of TCMand the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment based on syndrome dif-ferentiation and provide references for clinical medication.

AIM:To observe the anti-scarring effects and safety of triamcinolone acetonide(TA)-loaded hydrogel sustained-release sheeting on stab incision glaucoma surgery(SIGS)with “one-step tunnel method” in rabbit eyes.METHODS:A total of 48 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups(12 rabbits in each group), trabeculectomy(Trab)group, SIGS group, polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel(PVAH)sheeting was implanted under the conjunctiva flap during SIGS(PVAH group), and hydrogel sustained-release sheeting loaded with TA was implanted under the conjunctiva flap during SIGS(TA/PVAH group). On the 1, 2, 3, and 4 wk after surgery, the intraocular pressure, filtering bubble morphology, anterior chamber reaction, and other complications were observed and recorded in each group. Then animals were euthanized, and the surgery area tissues of right eye were taken for pathological tissue paraffin section. Masson staining, picric acid-Sirius rose red staining, as well as α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF2)immunohistochemistry staining was performed on every section. The infiltration of inflammatory cells, proliferation of fibroblasts and synthesis of type I and type III collagen fibers in local tissues were observed. The average positive area ratio of α-SMA and FGF2 antibody immunohistochemical staining in each group was calculated and compared.RESULTS: The TA/PVAH group maintained diffuse and elevated functional filtering blebs, while flat filtering blebs appeared in Trab, SIGS and PVAH groups at 2 wk after surgery. Functional filtering blebs were present in 1 eye(33%), 2 eyes(67%)in the PVAH and TA/PVAH group at 4 wk after surgery, respectively, while the other filtering blebs were flattened. Masson staining showed that the hydrogels in PVAH and TA/PVAH groups did not degrade at 4 wk after surgery. Compared with the Trab and SIGS groups, the filtration passages were more obvious, with less collagen fiber proliferation. Sirius red staining showed that the expression of type I collagen and type III collagen in the TA/PVAH group was less than that in the Trab group, SIGS group and PVAH group at 4 wk after surgery. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the α-SMA expression in the TA/PVAH group was significantly lower than that in the Trab and SIGS groups at 1 wk after surgery(P<0.01). The α-SMA expression was the highest in the Trab and SIGS groups at 2 wk after surgery, while the α-SMA expression in the PHAP and TA/PVAH groups was significantly lower than that in the first two groups(P<0.01). Compared with the Trab group, the expression of FGF2 in the PVAH and TA/PVAH group was significantly increased at 1, 2, 3 and 4 wk after surgery(P<0.05). Compared with the SIGS group, FGF2 expression in the TA/PVAH group was significantly increased at 4 wk after surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:In SIGS surgery of rabbit eyes, implanting hydrogel sustained-release sheeting loaded with TA under conjunctival flap can effectively inhibit the scarring of the filtering bleb, which may be the interaction of the anti-scar effect of TA and the stent function of hydrogel.

Objective: To investigate the pathogenic characteristics of viral encephalitis in children living in Hebei province. Methods: We randomly collected cerebrospinal fluid specimens from a total of 399 children diagnosed with viral encephalitis in Hebei Children′s Hospital from May to December 2017. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to detect viral nucleic acids in cerebrospinal fluid by an automatic laboratory station. Statistical analysis was performed on the experimental data using SPSS 21.0 software and the clinical data were analyzed. Comparison of infection rates of EV encephalitis in different months, using line × column chi-square test. The MRI and EEG positive rates of different viral encephalitis and viral encephalitis patients not infected with the virus were analyzed by Fisher′s exact probability test. The positive rate of infection with different viruses and non-virus agents was analyzed by Fisher′s exact probability test. Results: The result showed that 80 of 399 samples were positive, and the positive rate was 20.05%. It included 22 cases of enterovirus, 4 cases of influenza A virus, 3 cases of mumps virus, 2 cases of herpes simplex virus type 1, 1 case of herpes simplex virus type 2, 4 cases of EB virus, 7 cases of cytomegalovirus, 7 cases of herpes zoster virus, 8 cases of adenovirus, 14 cases of human herpesvirus type 6. Eight cases had combined viral infection. Eight cases had concurrent infections: 3 cases had enterovirus and herpesvirus type 6 concurrent infection, 1 case had enterovirus and Japanese encephalitis virus concurrent infection and 1 case had herpes simplex virus type 2 and adenovirus, 1 case had influenza A virus herpesvirus type 6, 1 case had mumps virus and herpesvirus type 6, 1 case had mumps virus and herpesvirus type 6, 1 case had herpes simplex virus type 1 and herpes zoster virus concurrent infections. Children with EV viral encephalitis in Hebei Province were highly prevalent in May and June (P=0.016). HHV6 virus encephalitis was more susceptible to infection than non-HHV6 virus (P=0.016); The rate of MRI positive findings in patients with different viral encephalitis was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The result of EEG of different viral encephalitis were P>0.05, which was not statistically significant. Conclusions EV was the most common pathogen of children with viral encephalitis in Hebei province. Encephalitis caused by influenza A virus cannot be ignored in clinical practice.