Objective To explore the application effects of experiential learning theory (ELT) in intern nursing students in spine surgery department.Methods A total of 126 intern nursing students who had been practicing in Spine Surgery Department of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from February 2016 to January 2017 were selected as the research objects. According to the entry time, all the students were divided into two groups: students who entered department in odd months were allocated into observation group (n=63); and even months entered students were allocated into control group (n=63). Traditional teaching method was applied in the control group, while ELT was used in the observation group. Nursing students' theoretical examination, practical skills, critical thinking ability and communication ability were compared between the two groups.Results The results of nursing students' theoretical examination and practical skills assessment of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05). The scores of truth seeking, open-mindedness, analyticity, systematicity, inquisitiveness and maturity of judgement and the total score of critical thinking ability in the observation group were all statistically higher than the control group (P<0.05). The total score and scores of each dimensions of communication ability in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions ELT is helpful in improving nursing students' theoretical knowldge and practical skills, and cultivating the critical thinking ability and communication ability of the nursing students.

Objective:To screen risk factors of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients in department of spinal surgery and establish a risk prediction model and conduct external validation.Methods:This study was a case-control study. Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 93 patients with VTE who underwent spinal surgery from May 2019 to April 2021 in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were selected as as the thrombosis group, while 100 patients who underwent spinal surgery without VTE during the same period were selected as the control group. A self-designed questionnaire about the risk factors of VTE in patients undergoing spinal surgery was used to investigate the patients. Binomial Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative VTE in patients with spinal surgery and R software was used to establish a nomogram prediction model. A total of 46 patients (23 patient with VTE and 23 patients without VTE) from Department of Spinal Surgery from May and June 2021 were selected to verify the prediction model.Results:Age ( OR=1.603, 95% CI: 1.036-2.483) , operation time ( OR=0.253, 95% CI: 0.123-0.518) , use of internal fixation ( OR=0.128, 95% CI: 0.043-0.384) , application of bone cement ( OR=0.176, 95% CI: 0.048-0.652) , D-dimer ( OR=0.360, 95% CI: 0.147-0.884) and plasma fibrinogen degradation product ( OR=0.024, 95% CI: 0.006-0.091) were risk factors for VTE in spinal surgery patients. The prediction model was established according to the risk factors. The prediction agreement rate of the model was 0.865 and the sensitivity was 0.742. The model was externally validated with a sensitivity of 0.761, a specificity of 0.565 and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.810. Conclusions:Age, operation time, use of internal fixation, application of bone cement, D-dimer and plasma fibrinogen degradation products are risk factors for postoperative VTE in patients with spinal surgery. Predictive models based on risk factors can predict the risk of VTE in spinal surgery patients.