Objective To investigate the effect of ambroxol hydrochloride in the treatment of children with pneumonia.Methods 100 children with pneumonia in our hospital were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group,50 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional therapy,the treatment group was treated with ambroxol on the basis of the control group.The treatment effect was compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in treatment group was 92％,which was significantly higher than 72％ in the control group(x2 =3.87,P ＜ 0.05).CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ immune factor indexes in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group,IgE was significantly lower than that in the control group(t =11.97,1.95,13.56,all P ＜ 0.05).Extinction time of fever,pulmonary rales,cough and hospital stay in the treatment group were significantly less than those in the control group(t =2.93,5.82,3.56,7.71,all P ＜ 0.05).The adverse reactions between the two groups had no significant difference (x2 =1.21,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Ambroxol can enhance the cellular immune function in children with pneumonia,rapidly relieve clinical symptoms,improve the therapeutic effect,and have no adverse reaction.

Objective To explore the risk factors and control strategies of nosocomial infection in intensive care patients in the neurological department of internal medicine.Methods 422 intensive care patients in the neuro-logical department of internal medicine were retrospectively analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neurology ICU infection was 24.41%,which was significantly higher than 4.54%of the same period of nosocomial infection rate,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =10.36,P<0.05).In the intensive care unit of the nervous system,the respiratory infection was mainly caused by respiratory infection,the incidence rate was 57.28%,urinary system was 25.24%,and digestive system was 9.71%.Neural medical intensive care unit patients aged 60 years old,time was more than or equal to 14 days in hospital,impaired consciousness,invasive procedures,use of antibiotics and a history of diabetes mellitus in hospital infection incidence increased significantly,and the differences were statistically signifi-cant(χ2 =7.65,10.76,16.87,9.43,9.25,9.87,all P<0.05).Conclusion Older patients,hospitalized time lon-ger,impaired consciousness,invasive procedures,antibiotic treatment and a history of diabetes mellitus were neural medical intensive care unit patients occurred nosocomial infection risk factors,clinical should strengthen nursing,to improve the work of prevention and monitoring to minimize nosocomial infection.

Objective To investigate the effects of sulindac metabolites on the proliferation and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cell line ECV304 in vitro Methods The proliferation of ECV304 was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method The cell cycle, apoptosis and the ultrastructure of ECV304 were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and electron microscopy respectively Results MTT assay showed that sulfide inhibited the proliferation of ECV304, and the effects was dose dependent, the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC 50 ) was 200 ?mol/L FCM showed that sulfide changed cell cycle distribution, the cell cycle were: Go G 1 phase [control group (77 7?1 6)%, sulfone group (75 6?2 1)%, sulfide group (46 1?1 6)%] S phase [control group (13 6?1 2)%, sulfone group (16 4?2 3)%, sulfide group (27 3?2 1)%], G 2 M phase [control group (8 6?0 7)%, sulfone group (8 0?0 5)%, sulfide group (26 6?3 5)% ] The apoptosis rates in control group, sulfone group and sulfide group were (6 1?3 4)%, (4 8?2 1)% and (51 9?5 7)%, respectively Compared with the control group, sulfide can reduce the proportion of G 1 phase, increase the proportion of S phase and G 2 M phase significantly ( P

Objective To study the quality control method of Feireqingjie Oral Liquid. Methods UV was used to determine the content of total flavonoid. Cortex Mori was identified qualitatively by TLC. Pheretima was identified qualitatively by PC. Results Total flavonoid showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.005 26-0.052 60 mg/mL, r=0.999 8. The average recovery rate was 98.65%, RSD=0.28% (n=6). The TLC spot of Cortex Mori was coincident with the standard reference, and Pheretima showed the same color as the reference in PC, with no interference of negative control. Conclusion The method is convenient, accurate and can be used as one of the quality control methods of Feireqingjie Oral Liquid.

Objective To investigate the histopathologic characteristic of the vitreous herniation out of sclerotomy site during vitrectomy. Methods Twenty specimens of tissues herniated at vitrectomy site were collected. The paraffin sections or fresh smears were stained with hematoxylineosin and examined under light microscope. The specimens were collected from the affected eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (9 cases), traumatic retinal detachment (1 case), miscellaneous vitreous hemorrhage (6 cases) and intraocular foreign body (4 cases). Results The herniated tissues were found to be retina in 4 cases, ciliary tissue in 1 case, retina and ciliary tissue in 1 case, uvea in 1 case,and hyaloid tissue in 13 cases. Conclusion There were not only vitreous, ciliary epithelial cells and pigment contained epithelia, but also ciliary body, retina and uvea in the prolapsed tissues of sclerotomy site, which might be related to the occurence of some clinical complications.

Objective To determine the expression of the growth factors and the receptors related to angiogenesis in the intraocular tissues incarcerating in the sclerotomy sites. Methods Ten specimens from prolapsing intraocular tissues in sclerotomy sites during vitrectomy were obtained and serially sectioned in cryostate and were stained with a group of polyclonal antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet derived growth factor A(PDGF A) and transforming growth factor ? 1(TGF ? 1) as well as their receptors by using a streptavidin peroxidase system. Results The tissues prolapsed from the sclerotomy sites were identified as retina(3 cases), vitreous tissues(3 cases), degenerated red blood cell components(2 cases), ciliary body(one case) and fibrous tissue(one case). All specimens expressed VEGF and bFGF as well as their receptors. PDGF A, TGF ?1 and their receptors expressed in the most of specimens. The positive cells included retinal cells, ciliary non pigmented epithelial cells and pigmented epithelial cells, fibrous cells and the cells in vitreous. Conclusions The intraocular tissues incarcerated in the sclerotomy entries express the growth factors and receptors related to angiogenesis. This might be one of the potential factors of developing anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of external -rou te microsurgery for retinal detachment (RD). Methods In 36 patie nts (36 eyes) with single rhegmatogenous RD, the silica gel piece and/or bucklin g bands were preplaced, and drainage of subretinal fluid, retinal cryotherapy, e xamination of locating the holes, and intraocular injection of gas were performe d under surgical microscope. The surgical effects were compared with those of ot her simultaneous 37 patients with rhegmatogenous RD who underwent surgery under binocular indirect ophthalmscope. Results The simultaneous int raoperative observation of the fundus details and the sclera through the microsc ope was excellent in all cases. Under the surgical microscope, the reaction of r etinal cryotherapy was clearly visible without any serious surgical sequela. The observation of reaction of retinal cryotherapy and the orientation of the holes were not affected by mild opacity of the refractive media. Retinal reattachment was achieved in 31 eyes after the primary surgery and in 3 eyes after the secon dary surgery, with the final rate of reattachment of 94%. The best-corrected vi sual acuity was

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium valproate versus diazepam in the treat-ment of status epilepticus in adults,and to provide evidence-based reference for clinic treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from Med-line,EMBase,PubMed,Cochrane Library,CJFD,VIP datebase,CBM and Wanfang database,the randomized controlled trials (RCT) about sodium valproate (test group) versus diazepam (control group) in the treatment of status epilepticus in adults were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.0 statistical software after extracting data and evaluating quality. RE-SULTS:A total of 5 RCTs were included,involving 276 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed that recurrence rate of epilepsy in 48 h in test group was significantly lower than that of control group [OR=0.39,95%CI(0.16,0.96),P=0.04]. Compared with the control group,the effective rate controlling epilepsy within 2 h[OR=1.76,95%CI(0.88,3.52),P=0.11] and incidence of liver injury[RR=1.19,95%CI(0.38,3.70),P=0.77] were no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy and safety of sodi-um valproate was equivalent to diazepam in the treatment of status epilepticus in adults,however,sodium valproate was superior to diazepam in terms of controlling recurrent effect. Due to methodology limit of included studies,large-scale and high quality RCT are required for further validation of the conclusions.

Objective:To investigate the levels of serum leptin and their effect on Th 1/Th2 balance and the association between serum leptin levels and clinical manifestations in obese children with asthma.Methods: All 56 children with physician-diagnosed moderate-to-severe persistent asthma and 56 healthy controls were included.The children with asthma and without asthma were divided into two groups,obese (n=28) and non-obese (n=28) by body mass index,respectively.Asthma severity was assessed by the asthma symptom score.Peripheral blood samples were collected to determine the levels of leptin , IFN-gamma and IL-4.The results were correlated with the parameters studied.Results:Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in the obese asthma group than in the non -obese asthma group ,as well as being significantly higher in the children with asthma than in the controls ( P<0.01 ) , whereas IFN-gamma levels were significantly higher and IL-4 levels were significantly lower in the obese asthma group than in the non-obese asthma group( P<0.01 ).In addition, the obese asthma group showed higher asthma symptom scores and significantly lower FEV 1 (% of predicted) than did the non-obese asthma group(P<0.01).There was a significantly positive correlation between leptin ,IFN-gamma and IL-4 levels only in the obese asthma group ( P<0.01 ).Conclusion:Leptin is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma in obese and non-obese children ,and its effect is more pronounced in the former.In the presence of high leptin levels , only obese children with asthma exhibited Th1 polarization,with higher IFN-gamma levels and greater asthma severity.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the treatment of retinal redetachment after vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade, METHODS: Investigating retrospectively on the treatment effect of 8 cases of redetachment of retina with proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR) in which the retinas had been attached formerly after vetrectomy and silicone oil tamponade opertion. The reoperative procedures included pars plana vitrectonly, membranes peeling, retinotomy, inner exchange of the fluid and silicone oil tamponade and subretinal membranes were removed out in 2 eyes. RESULTS: Six eyes had anatomical reattachment postoperatively and another 2 eyes still had inferior shallow retinal detachment. Visual acuity was improved in 6 patients and remained unchange in 2 patients. CON CLUSIONS: The cause of recurrent retinal detachment might be the formation of the proliferative epiretinal and subretinal membranes, and vitrectomy to release the traction of proliferative membranes and full fluid silicone oil exchange should do good to reattachment.