Objective:To observe the morphologic changes of cancer tissues and cells and clinical effect of microwave coagulation therapy (MCT) on oral squamous cell carcinoma.(OSCC), and then to evaluate the possibility of MCT in OSCC treatment.Methods:Forty OSCC patients were involved. MCT was adopted to the treatment of tumor primary focus, and associated with chemotherapy and lymphadenectomy of suprahyoid region or therapeutic neck dissection. After MCT the tissues were extracted for pathological examination immediately and morphologically observated by transmission electron microscope(TEM). All patients were received follow-up investigation for 3 years. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were observed and compared.Results:After MCT, the tissues of primary focus showed degenerative and necrotic tissue, inflammatory granulation, exudative necrosis, hyperplasia or atypical hyperplasia under light microscope. Apoptosis and mastocytes were observed besides the primary focus through TEM. Additionally MCT could protect oral faction, facies and improve survival quality and control local recurrence, which was more advanced than other old method (P

Objective To study the expression of GRHL-3 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) tissues and its clinical significance.Methods One hundred and sixty-eight pathology paraffin-embedded diffuse large B-cell lymphomas tissues were collected from January 2006 to September 2011.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of GRHL-3 protein in the above tissues.Results The positive expression rate of GRHL-3 protein in the GCB type tissues was higher than that in the non-GCB type tissues [84.87 ％(101/119) vs 14.29 ％ (7/49), P ＜ 0.01].Further analysis indicated that in the non-GCB type tissues,the positive expression rate of GRHL-3 in the latter stage group was significantly higher than that in the early stage group [90.00 ％ (63/70) vs 77.56 ％ (38/49), P ＜ 0.01].The positive expression rate of GRHL-3 in the lactatede hydrogenase increased group was significantly higher than that in the normal lactated hydrogenase [91.67 ％ (77/84) vs 68.57 ％ (24/35), P ＜ 0.01].The positive expression rate of GRHL-3 in the extranodal involvement status ≥ 2 group was significantly higher than that in the extranodal involvement status 0-1 group [96.29 ％ (26/27) vs 81.52 ％ (75/92), P ＜ 0.05].The positive expression rate of GRHL-3 in the IPI score 4-5 group was significantly higher than that in the IPI score 0-1 group [91.30 ％ (65/69) vs 66.67 ％ (18/27), P ＜ 0.01] and IPI score 2-3 group [91.30 ％ (65/69) vs 79.96 ％ (18/23), P ＜ 0.05].However, the expression of GRHL-3 had no correlation with the gender, age, and performance status of DLBCL.Conclusion The positive expression rate of GRHL-3 protein in the GCB type tissues is higher than that in the non-GCB type tissues.The positive expression rate of GRHL-3 in the DLBCL is correlated with the Ann Arbor stage, lactate dehydrogenase, extranodal involvement status and IPI score.

A case of eosinophilic lymphoid granuloma(ELG)was reported and the related literatures were reviewed.ELG is rare in clinic. The etiology and pathogenesis of ELG was unclear.The clinical feature includes enlarged lymph nodes which were always predilected for the head and neck regions,eosinophilic granulocytes and serum IgE rising.Lymphoid tissue hyperplasis formation of lymphoid follicles with active germinal centres are common in pathological examination.There is diffuse infiltration of eosinophils in interfollicular and perivascular zones. Surgery,drug therapy and radiotherapy are all effective for the treatment,but recurrence is often.

Cerebral white matter hyperintensity(WMH)is a type of ischemic alteration that appears as speckled or patchy areas around the ventricles and in the centrocentral area of the semiovals.This alteration can be caused by various factors and indicates a change in the composition of the white matter in the brain.It suggests an alteration in the water content of the hydrophobic white matter fiber bundles.WMH is commonly used as an imaging marker for cerebral small vessel disease.Previous studies have shown that WMH is highly correlated with cognitive impairment.Large-scale longitudinal studies,both population-based and hospital-based,have confirmed the correlation between WMH and clinical symptoms and demonstrated a causal relationship between large-scale WMH and dementia.Adequate differential diagnosis,evaluation,and management are crucial for patients,especially those with early cognitive impairment.Novel imaging techniques may detect subtle impairments before they become visible on an MRI.The purpose of this review is to offer a comprehensive overview of the relationship between WMH and cognitive function.

Objective: To explore the expression of Dickkopf-3(DKK-3) mRNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) and the relationship between the promoter methylation status and the carcinogenesis of OSCC. Methods: The expression of DKK-3 gene in 51 cases of OSCC and corresponding normal mucosa tissue was detected by PT-PCR and methylation-specific PCR, respectively. The relationship between DKK-3 and the clinical pathological features of the patients was analyzed with SPSS 13. 0. Results: The expression level of DKK-3 in OSCC group was lower than that in the control(t =-12. 580, P＜ 0. 05). The methylation rate of DKK-3 gene promoter region in OSCC group was significantly higher than that in the control(χ2 = 19. 273, P＜ 0. 05). The mRNA expression level of DKK-3 gene in OSCC with methylation group was lower than that in the control(t =-2. 817, P＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: Down-regulation of DKK-3 gene expression and hypermethylation of promoter region are important mechanisms in the pathogenesis of OSCC. The hypermethylation of DKK-3 promoter may be the main cause of transcriptional silencing.

Background::Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common neurological trauma that can lead to cognitive impairment. The sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) pathway has been reported to have neuroprotective effects in rats with craniocerebral injury. We evaluated potential mechanisms underlying electroacupuncture-mediated recovery of cognitive function after mTBI, focusing on the SIRT-1/PGC-1α/mitochondrial pathway.Methods::We included forty 6-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats in this study. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: controlled cortical impactor (CCI, n = 10), sham operation (sham, n = 10), electroacupuncture-treated CCI (CCI+EA, n = 10), and electroacupuncture-treated sham (sham+EA, n = 10) group. Randomization was performed by assigning a random number to each rat and using a random number table. The mTBI rat model was established using a controllable cortical impactor. Electroacupuncture therapy was performed on the back of rats, by inserting acupuncture needles to the specific acupoints and setting appropriate parameters for treatment. We evaluated spatial learning and memory functions with the Morris water maze test. We performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) determination, and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I (MRCC I) determination on rat hippocampal tissue. We analyzed SIRT-1/PGC-1α expression levels and the results of mitochondrial function assays, and compared differences between groups using bilateral Student’s t-tests. Results::Compared with the sham group, SIRT-1/PGC-1α expression was downregulated in the hippocampus of CCI group ( P <0.01). Although this expression was upregulated following electroacupuncture, it did not reach the levels observed in the sham group ( P <0.05). Compared with the sham group, MRCC I and ATP levels in the CCI group were significantly reduced, and increased after electroacupuncture ( P <0.01). In the Morris water maze, electroacupuncture reduced the incubation period of rats and increased average speed and number of crossing platforms ( P <0.05). Conclusion::Electroacupuncture may improve cognitive function in the mTBI rat model by regulating the SIRT-1/PGC-1α/mitochondrial pathway.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms and plasma homocysteine levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

METHODSTotal of 208 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 57 controls were recruited into the study. MTHFR genetic C677T polymorphisms were determined by PCR-RFLP. Plasma total homocysteine levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection.

RESULTSThe frequencies of MTHFR TT homogeneous type, CT heterogeneous type and allele T (28.18%, 41.82%, 49.09%) were significantly higher in the type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic retinopathy group than those without retinopathy (18.37%, 29.59%, 33.16%) and those of controls (17.54%, 28.07%, 31.58%). The presence of the T allele appeared to have a strong association with the development of diabetic retinopathy. The odds ratio was 1.94 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.31 - 2.88. Moreover, plasma homocysteine levels were remarkably higher in patients with TT or CT genotype than in patients with the CC genotype.

CONCLUSIONMTHFR gene C677T mutation associated with a predisposition to increased plasma homocysteine levels may be considered as a genetic risk factor for diabetic microangiopathy (such as DR) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; etiology ; Female ; Genotype ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms and plasma homocysteine levels in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

METHODSMTHFR genetic C677T polymorphisms were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Total plasma homocysteine levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection.

RESULTSThe frequencies of MTHFR T homogenetic type and CT heterogenetic type and allele T (28.18%, 41.82%, 49.09%) in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy were significantly higher than those in diabetic patients without retinopathy (18.37%,29.59%,33.16%) or the normal controls (17.54%, 28.07%, 31.58%). Howerver, there were no significant differences in the frequency of MTHFR genotype and allele between the type 2 diabetic patients without retinopathy and the normal controls. The presence of T allele appeared to have a strong association with the development of diabetic retinopathy. The odds ratio was 1.94 and the 95% confidence interval was 1.31-2.88. Moreover, the plasma homocysteine levels in patients with TT or CT genotype were markedly higher than those in patients with CC genotype.

CONCLUSIONMTHFR gene C677T mutation associated with a predisposition to increase of plasma homocysteine may represent a genetic risk factor for diabetic retinopathy in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Adult ; Alleles ; DNA ; genetics ; metabolism ; Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; complications ; genetics ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; blood ; etiology ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; Middle Aged ; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Objective To investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on short-term and long-term prognosis in the patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods The clinical data of inpatients with STEMI in our hospital during 2014 were retrospectively collected.The patients conforming to the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into 4 groups according to BMI,low BMI group (n=31),normal BMI group (n=139),overweight group (n=71) and obesity group(n=26).The clinical baseline data were analyzed and compared among 4 groups,and the all-cause mortality on 7 d and within 1 year after myocardial infarction(MI) was followed up.Results The higher the BMI increased,the younger the patient's onset age (P＜0.01),the smaller the female proportion(P=0.001),among them,the albumin and hemoglobin levels in the obesity group were relatively higher(P=0.004;P =0.006);the all-cause mortality at 1 year after MI was significantly decreased with BMI increasing (P =0.003),while which on 7 d after MI had no statistical difference (P=0.287).Conclusion BMI is correlated with the long-term prognosis in the patients with STEMI,and "obesity contradiction" phenomenon exists in the patients with STEMI.However,the influence of BMI on the prognosis in the patients with STEMI should be comprehensively evaluated by combining with the multiple factors such as the patient's age,sex,complications and medication therapy.

There are some problems in clinical teaching of cardiovascular medicine, such as insuf-ficient attention to the "three bases" skills, not teaching trainees in accordance with their aptitude ade-quately, monotonous instructional mode, and assessment becoming a mere formality. Aiming at these prob-lems, we have explored the training methods of medical talents adapted to the modern medical model, and improved the clinical basic skills and thinking of the students and the quality of teaching through such measures as paying close attention to basic skills training, standardizing ward rounds, paying attention to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, and reforming teaching methods and assessment modes.