Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of oxygen inhalation combined with relaxation training on patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).Methods A total of 188 GAD patients were divided into the study group and the control group randomly.The two groups were treated with conventional antianxiety drugs (paroxetine),in addition to conventional medical therapy.The study group was aided with oxygen inhalation and relaxation training,the control group was given benzodiazepine.The scores of Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAMA),global improvement(GI) [ a part of clinical global impression (CGI) ],and treatment emergent symptom scale (TESS) were used to evaluate clinical effects and adverse reactions before and after 4-week treatment.The indexes of breathing,heart rate and blood pressure were evaluated before and after treatment.Results The scores of HAMA scale and GI in the two groups were significantly different after treatment( P ＜ 0.05 ),and the study group changed significantly( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ). The adverse reactions of the two groups were slight,there was no significant difference of TESS before and after treatment ( P ＞ 0.05 ). There was no significant difference in terms of breathing,heart rate and blood pressure between the two groups before treatment( P ＞ 0.05 ),but were all lower after treatment the study group changed more apparently and significantly(P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Based on conventional drugs treatment oxygen inhalation combined with relaxation training could improve anxiety and somatization rapidly,there was no obvious adverse reaction and the patients compliance was good,so the treatment was worth to use in clinic.

Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of Emotional Problems Factor of Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory II(CPAI2-E).Methods:Item analysis of the test was carried out;internal consistency reliability, retest reliability and structure validity, differential validity were examined.Results:①Through factor analysis, 20 subordinate factors were got.②The Cronbach ? coefficient of the total was 0.948 and each factor ranged from 0.755 to 0.896;re-test reliability of the total test was 0.718.Conclusion:CPAI2-E can be used as an effective and reliable tool for assessing anxiety disorders.

Objective: To explore the relationships of personality characteristics, Anxiety trait, and general self-efficacy with anxiety disorders. Methods: By case-matched study, 144 patients with anxiety disorders and 144 normal controls were administered the Emotional Problems Factor of Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory II (CPAI2-E), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and General Self-efficacy Scale. Results: ①The scores of patients with anxiety disorders were higher than those of the normal controls in CPAI2-E (P

Objective To explore whether there is association between the polymorphisms of serotonin 2A receptor(5-HT2A) rs6311,rs6305 and adenylate cyclase rs2230739 with episode of bipolar disorder.Methods A case-control association study was done in this study,152 bipolar disorder patients (patients group),and 187 ageand gender-matched controls (control group) were recruited.Ligase detection reaction(LDR) was used to detect the distributive frequency of rs6311,rs6305 and rs2230739 of 152 bipolar disorder patients and 187 normal people.Results The 5-HT2A receptor rs6311 genotypes and alleles frequency distribution between patients group(11,12,22 genotypes:21％,61％,18％ ; 1,2 alleles:51％,49％) and control group(11,12,22 genotypes:44％,45％,11％ ; 1,2 alleles:66％,34％) showed statistically significance (P＜0.01).There were no differences of 5-HT2A receptor rs6305 genotypes and alleles between patients group and control group.The frequency of rs2230739 genotypes and alleles distribution between patients group (11,12,22 genotypes: 20％,43％,37％ ; 1,2 alleles: 42％,58％) and control group(11,12,22 genotypes: 17％,48％,35％ ; 1,2 alleles: 41％,59％) showed no significant difference(P=0.661,P=0.846).Conclusion The 5-HT2A receptor rs6311 polymorphism may be responsible for an increase in susceptibility to bipolar disorder,indicating that it maybe an marker to bipolar disorder.

Objective To explore wbether there is an association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of phosphodiestierase-4A (PDE4A) and bipolar disorder in Han population.Methods A casecontrol association study was done in this study,432 bipolar disorder patients(patients group),and 569 age and gender-matched controls(control group)were recruited.Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect genotypes and alleles distributive frequency of rs1051738 and rs7256672 of 432 bipolar disorder patients and 569 normal people.Results The PDE4A rs1051738 genotypes and alleles frequency distribution between patients group(AA,AC,CC genotypes:12％,8％,80％,A,C alleles:16％,84％) and control group (AA,AC,CC genotypes:2％,19％,79％,A,C alleles:12％,88％) showed statistically significance (P＜ 0.01).The frequency of PDE4A rs7256672 genotypes and alleles distribution between patients group(GG,GT,TT genotypes:18％,50％,32％,G,T alleles:43％,57％) and control group (GG,GT,TT genotypes:20％,48％,32％,G,T alleles:45％,55％)showed no significant difference(P=0.620,P=0.446).Conclusion The PDE4A rs1051738 polymorphism may be responsible for an increase in susceptibility to bipolar disorder,indicating that it maybe a functional site with marked significance to bipolar disorder.

Background and purpose: In recent years indirubin-3'-monoxime has been found to be capable of inhibiting some cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo studies, but human colon cancer HT-29 cells, therefore the purpose in this paper was to study the effect of indirubin-3'-monoxime on proliferation and apoptosis of HT-29 cells and its associated mechanism. Methods: HT-29 cells were treated with indirubin-3'-monoxime. The proliferative status of cells was measured by methabenzthiazuron (MTT) assay, flow cytometry (FCM) was used to measure the apoptosis rate. RT-PCR was used to measure the transcription of apoptosis suppressor gene bcl-2, survivin and apoptosis promoting gene Bar. Results: Indimbin-3'-monoxime inhibited growth of HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner (F=11.25, P<0.01). The apoptosis rate increased after the treatment by indirubin-3'-monoxime at 10 μmol/L. There were significant differences between different time groups (F=195.25, P<0.01). The transcription of survivin (F=78.75, P<0.01) and Bax (F=87.61, P<0.01) mRNA in HT-29 cells were increased; the transcription of bcl-2 was significantly decreased (F=95.82, P<0.01). Conclusion: Indirubin-3'-monoxime has obviously inhibited proliferation and induce apoptosis of colon cancer HT-29 cells, its mechanism may be related to decrease the bcl-2/Bax ratio.

AIM: To explore the relationship between caspase activation and the evasion of Legionella from macrophage elimination through a Legionella-infected macrophage model. METHODS: After infected by Legionella, the activity of caspase 3 in macrophages was analyzed by confocal microscopy as well as fluorescence reader. Growth and replication of Legionella in macrophage was assayed. Replication of Legionella was analyzed again to see the effect of caspase 3 inhibition on the growth of Legionella after use of caspase 3 inhibitor. RESULTS: Both confocal microscopy and caspase 3 fluorescent substrate analysis showed that Legionella virulent strain had powerful capability of activating caspase 3 while the mutant non-virulent strain did not have this capability. The virulent strain highly replicated in macrophages and the replication was significantly inhibited by caspase 3 inhibitor. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the intracellular caspase 3 is activated shortly after infection by Legionella virulent strain. The evasion of Legionella from the elimination of macrophages may be mediated by caspase 3 activation to a great degree.

AIM: To explore the effect of TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), a new apoptotic inducing molecule on the biological activity of hepatocarcinoma cell line. METHODS: The expression of membrane binding TRAIL on HepG2 cells was detected by immuno-cytochemistry. Quantity of secretory TRAIL was assayed by ELISA method. The cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by TRAIL was detected by MTT and TUNEL method, respectively. The telomerase activity of HepG2 cells was detected by TRAP-PCR assay kit. The expression of hTERT, the catalytic subunit of telomerase, was detected by FCM. RESULTS: TRAIL was constitutively expressed on the membrane of HepG2 cell line. Soluble TRAIL was also expressed to a certain degree. Cytotoxicity assay showed that TRAIL significantly inhibited the growth of hepatocarcinoma cells. TUNEL assay indicated that TRAIL induced apoptosis in hepatocarcinoma cells. Detection of telomerase activity showed that TRAIL inhibited telomerase activity and the expression of telomerase catalytic subunit. CONCLUSION: TRAIL is an effective molecule to inhibit the growth of hepatocarcinoma through multiple pathways, such as inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the activity of telomerase.

OBJECTIVESTo construct a hepatoma directed gene delivery system which could transfer preS2 antisense RNA to liver cancer cells specifically, and to explore a new therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma by blocking hepatitis B virus (HBV) with antisense RNA targeting hepatocellular carcinoma.

METHODSGE7 and HA20 were synthesized and mixed with pEBAF-as-preS2, a hepatocarcinoma specific HBV antisense expression vector, to construct a novel HBV antisense RNA delivery system named AFP-enhancing 4-element complex. Nude mice bearing hepatocelluar carcinoma cells HepG2.2.15 were injected with AFP-enhancing 4-element complex via a tail vein. Total RNA from tissues was extracted, and reversal transcription-ploymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of preS2. Different doses of AFP-enhancing 4-element complex was injected into nude mice at different time points, and tumor diameter was measured.

RESULTSAFP-enhancing 4-element complex was constructed successfully. RT-PCR showed preS2 antisense RNA delivered by AFP-enhancing 4-element complex only expressed in liver tumor HepG2.2.15 cells of the mice. After the treatment of AFP-enhancing 4-element complex with dose of 0.2 micro g per mouse (once a week for 4 weeks), the mean tumor diameter of nude mice was significantly shorter than that of the control groups (0.995 +/- 0.35 cm vs 2.125 +/- 0.25 cm, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSAn HBV antisense RNA gene delivery system targeting hepatocellular carcinoma, AFP-enhancing 4-element complex, was constructed successfully. PreS2 antisense RNA expressed specifically in hepatocelluar carcinoma cells significantly inhibits tumor growth of mice bearing hepatocarcinoma HepG2.2.15 and may have therapeutic potential in HBV related hepatocarcinoma.

Animals ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Protein Precursors ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Antisense ; therapeutic use

Objective To explore whether the norepinephrine transporter(NET) gene T-182C and G1287A polymorphisms are involved in the etiology of schizophrenics among the Chinese Han population.Methods 249 schizophrenics(case group) and 309 healthy physical examiners(control group) of the Chinese Han population were collected.Ligase detection reaction was used to detect the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of NET rs2242446 and rs5569 polymorphisms in the two groups.The genotype distributions and allele frequencies of these two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were also compared in the case and control groups.Results In the case group,the TF genotype of the NET gene loci rs2242446 was the most,48.6％,and the CC genotype of which was the least,8.4％.In the control group,the CT genotype was the most,47.9％,and the C C genotype was the least,11.3％,the minimum allele frequency was 29.9％.In the case group,the GG genotype of the NET gene loci rs5569 was the most,46.2％,and the CC genotype was the least,9.6％.In the control group,GG genotype was the most,51.5％,and the AA genotype was the least,10.3％,and the minimum allele frequency was 29.4％.No significant differences in the genotype and allele distribution of NET rs2242446 and rs5569 were found in Chinese-Han patients with schizophrenia and control participants (all P＞ 0.05).In gender-specific analyses,similarly,no significant differences were found for rs2242446 and rs5569 genotype and allele distributions in either the male or the female case-control comparisons (all P＞ 0.05).Conclusion The NET rs2242446 and rs5569 polymorphisms are not associated with schizophrenia in Chinese Han population.