Objective To study the expressions of osteopontin (OPN),caspase-3 and mt-P53 proteins, and their relationship in gliomas. Methods Seventy gliomas specimens of patients (glioma group) were selected, and 10 samples of non-glioma brain tissue were used as control group. The SP method was used to detect the positive rates of protein expressions of OPN, caspase-3 and mt-P53 between two groups. The relationship between protein expressions of OPN, caspase-3 and mt-P53 in gliomas and grade of gliomas were detected by Western blot assay. Spearman rank correlation was compared between the positive expression of OPN, caspase-3 and rate mt-P53. Results The positive expression rates of OPN and mt-P53 were significantly higher in glioma group (64.29%and 60%) than those of control group (no positive expression), but the positive expression rate of caspase-3 was significantly lower than that of control group (47.14%vs. 90%, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in OPN, caspase-3 and mt-P53 expressions between different gender, age, tumor size and tumor position (P>0.05). The higher the WHO classification, the higher the positive expression rates of OPN and mt-P53 (P<0.001), and the lower the positive expression rate of caspase-3 (P<0.001). With the increased level of glioma grade, OPN and mt-P53 protein levels were increased, but caspase-3 protein expression level was decreased. There was a negatively correlation between OPN and the positive expression of caspase-3, but there was a positive correlation between OPN and the expression of mt-P53 (rs=-0.720 and 0.722, P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between caspase-3 and mt-P53 expressions (rs=-0.556, P<0.05). Conclusion The higher the WHO classification, the higher the positive expression rates of OPN and mt-P53, while the lower the positive expression rate of caspase-3. The study reveals that OPN, caspase-3 and mt-P53 expressions are associated with the occurrence and the progress of gliomas. The combined detection of them can contribute to the judgment of biological behavior of gliomas.

Objective: To investigate the changes of C-reactive protein(CRP), fibrinogen(FIB) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS), and their relationship with sleep respiratory parameters. Methods: From June 2015 to August 2018, 70 OSAHS patients[observation group, apnea hypopnea index(AHI)≥5/h]and 20 persons in the snoring control group(control group, AHI<5/h) who received the monitor of polysomnography in the Pingxiang People′s Hospital were enrolled.The levels of CRP, FIB and ESR were measured and compared between the two groups.The correlations were analyzed between the levels of inflammatory markers and sleep breathing parameters. Results: The two groups had no statistically significant differences in age, gender and BMI(all P>0.05). The CRP, FIB and ESR of the observation group were (4.5±3.0)mg/L, (3.3±0.9)g/L, (11.4±5.4)mm/h, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the control group[(2.0±1.5)mg/L, (2.9±0.5)g/L, (7.6±2.6)mm/h](t=5.12, 2.68, 4.36, all P<0.05). The level of CRP was positively correlated with AHI, oxygen desaturation index(ODI)(r=0.285, P<0.05 and r=0.282, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the lowest SaO₂ and the average SaO₂(r=-0.257, P<0.05 and r=-0.259, P<0.05). The level of FIB was positively correlated with AHI, ODI(r=0.430, P<0.01 and r=0.311, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with the lowest SaO₂(r=-0.287, P<0.01). There were no correlations between ESR and sleep breathing parameters. Conclusion The levels of CRP, FIB and ESR are increased in OSAHS patients, and the levels of CRP and FIB are proportional to the severity of OSAHS, suggesting that OSAHS patients has systemic inflammatory response.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between 25 hydroxyvitamin D[25 (OH) D] level and sleep monitoring index in patients with severe altitude obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).Methods:Sixty-six patients with severe OSAHS (AHI≥30 times/hour) diagnosed by apnea hypopnea index (AHI) who had lived at high altitude (1 800-4 193 m) for≥1 year were included in the experimental group. The patients underwent polysomnography monitoring in Sleep Medicine Center of Qinghai Red Cross Hospital from June to December 2021. In addition, healthy volunteers matched the experimental group by gender, age, ethnicity and living altitude during the same period were selected for polysomnography monitoring. Finally, 48 healthy volunteers with AHI<5 times/hour were included as the control group. 25(OH)D level and its deficiency were compared between the two groups. The experimental group was further divided into severe deficiency group [25(OH)D≤10 μg/L], the deficiency group [10 μg/L<25(OH)D≤20 μg/L] and the non-deficiency group [25(OH)D>20 μg/L] according to 25(OH)D level, and the differences of sleep parameters among the three groups were compared. Correlation analysis and multifactor linear regression analysis were performed on the factors that may affect the level of 25(OH)D in patients with severe OSAHS.Results:A total of 114 adults living on the plateau for at least one year were enrolled, including 66 in the experimental group and 48 in the control group. 25(OH)D deficiency (≤30 μg/L) was found in all the individuals included in the experimental group and the control group, and the 25(OH)D level of the two groups was [(13.13±4.05) vs (13.68±4.60) μg/L, P=0.507] and there was no significant difference in deficiency degree (all P>0.05). Within the experimental group, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep time and proportion (REM%) and sleep awakening time of 25(OH)D non-deficiency group, were significantly lower than those in severe deficiency group (all P<0.05), and sleep efficiency in 25(OH)D non-deficiency group was significantly higher than that in severe deficiency group and deficiency group (all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the level of 25 (OH) D in experimental group were positively correlated with serum calcium ion level ( r=0.293, P=0.017) and sleep efficiency ( r=0.309, P=0.011), and were negatively correlated with age ( r=-0.298, P=0.015), REM sleep time ( r=-0.401, P=0.001), REM% ( r=-0.421, P<0.001) and awakening time ( r=-0.362, P=0.003). Multifactor linear regression analysis suggested that serum calcium, REM sleep time and history of hypertension were the predictors of 25(OH)D level in severe OSAHS at high altitude. Conclusions:There is a correlation between sleep monitoring indexes and serum 25(OH)D level in patients with severe OSAHS at high altitude. The longer the REM sleep time, the lower the 25(OH)D level. Meanwhile, there is a certain relationship between co-morbidity hypertension and 25(OH)D level in patients with severe OSAHS at high altitude.

Objective: To study the antidepressant effects of extracts fromZanthoxylum bungeanumandZanthoxylum schinifoliumin mice exposed in chronic restraint stress. Methods: 45 mice of SPF male ICR were randomly divided into five groups: normal group, model group, sertraline hydrochloride group,Zanthoxylum bungeanumextract group andZanthoxylum schinifoliumextract group, with 9 mice in each group. Except for the normal group, mice in all groups were chronically restrained to establish the depressive model. The normal group and model group were given olive oil by intragastric administration, and other groups were given sertraline hydrochloride(10 mg/kg),Zanthoxylum bungeanumextract(200 mg/kg) andZanthoxylum schinifoliumextract(200 mg/kg), respectively. The behaviors of mice in each group were evaluated by open-field test and forced swimming test. The levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF), 5-hydroxytryptophan(5-HT), glutathione(GSH) and nitric oxide(NO) in serum and brain were determined by ELISA. Results: Compared with model group,Zanthoxylum bungeanumextract could reduce the percentage of immobility time in forced swimming test, increase the level of cortical BDNF, and improve the levels of 5-HT and GSH in cortex and serum, with statistical significance(P<0.05).Zanthoxylum schinifoliumextract could improve the behavior of mice in open field test and forced swimming test, increase the levels of cortex 5-HT and serum GSH, and decrease the contents of NO in serum and cortex. Conclusion The extracts ofZanthoxylum bungeanumandZanthoxylum schinifoliumcan improve the depression-like behaviors of mice exposed to chronic restraint stress.