China ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Esophagus ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; methods ; trends

Esophageal Achalasia ; surgery ; Esophagus ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; methods ; trends

Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; adverse effects ; methods ; trends

Crohn's disease can neither be cured by surgery nor by medical therapy. Surgical therapy of recurrent Crohn's disease requires special precautions. The recurrence rate is 60% after 15 years. There are no certain data of the risk factors influencing the recurrence rate. The only clear facts are that wide resection out of the resection margins and smoking negatively influence recurrence. Hence, the major principles of therapy is a minimally-resected surgery. This mainly concerns strictures and stenosis. Strictures should be treated by stricturoplasty and stenosis by limited resection with Crohn-free resection margins. Just in case of interenteric and enterocutanous with a concomitant short bowel syndrome, in blind-ending fistulas with an abscess or in enterovesical fistulas, we recommend immediate operation. The therapy of recurrent anorectal Crohn's disease underlies the same rules as primary therapy. If necessary, proctectomy remains the last option. Also, emergency surgery in recurrent Crohn's disease follows the same rules as in elective surgery.
Crohn Disease/surgery* ; Human ; Medical Illustration ; Recurrence ; Surgical Procedures, Operative/trends*

This paper systematically reviewed and analyzed the recent publications of robotic-assisted surgeries in the field of tissue repair and reconstruction. Surgical robots can elevate skin flap more accurately and shorten the time of tissue harvest. In addition, robotic-assisted surgery has the advantage of minimal tissue trauma and thus forms minimal scar. The utilization of surgical robots reduces the occurrence of complications after oral radical tumor resection while achieving cosmetic sutures. Robotic-assisted radical mastectomy could radically remove invasive breast cancer lesions and achieve breast reconstruction in the first stage through the small incisions in the operation areas. Surgical robots enable precise microvascular anastomosis and reduce tissue edema in the surgical field. Robotic-assisted technology can help appropriately locate the target tissues at different angles during sinus and skull base surgeries and accurately place tissues during urethroplasty. The robotic-assisted technology provides a new platform for surgical innovation in the field of tissue repair and reconstruction. However, the uncertainty in the survival rate after tumor radical surgery, the increase of operating time, and the high costs are barriers for its clinical application in tissue repair and reconstructive surgery. Nevertheless, robotic-assisted technology has already demonstrated an impact on the field of tissue repair and reconstruction in a meaningful way.
Breast Neoplasms ; surgery ; Cicatrix ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; trends ; Mouth Neoplasms ; surgery ; Operative Time ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; trends ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; trends ; Skull Base ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue and Organ Harvesting ; Urethra ; surgery

Adenoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Early Diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Microsurgery ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Radiosurgery ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; methods ; trends

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; pathology ; surgery ; China ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasm Staging ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; methods ; trends