The coverage of defects of the Achilles tendon, malleoli and heel remain is a challenge to reconstructive surgeons. We used distally based superficial susal artery island flaps for the reconstruction of defects of maleolus and heel. The distally based superficial sural artery flap, first described as a distally based neuroskin flap by Masquellet A.C et al is a skin island flap supplied by the vascular axis of the sural nerve and combinations of these systems as suprafascial plexus. We made some modifications. We left a skin extension over the fascio vascular pedicle and used it as a roof of the tunnel.
Surgical Flaps

No abstract available.
Surgical Flaps*

The investigation was performed in 20 cadavers (dissection in 17 formaldehyde preserved and dye injection in 3 fresh ones). The results of study showed that: average, each rectus abdominal muscle has 4.97 vessel with 0.5-0.6 mm in diameter arising from the anterior gone up through the sheath of abdominal muscle. Among them, 4.56 arising from the deep inferior epigastric artery (DIEA) and they concentrate mainly in the paraumbilical area (87.7%). The cutaneous blood supply (dye coloured area) of the DIEA was 19.5 x 14 cm in the supra and infra umbilical regions. The DIEA and the vein form a suitable pedicle for free tissue transfer. The design of different skin flaps patterns was proposed by results.
Surgical Flaps ; Surgery

37 patients with the long bone defects in Central Army Hospital 108 received the free vascularized pelvic and fibular transplantation. Results showed that: good (89.2%), normal (5.4%). The complex pelvic and fibular osteocutaneous flaps showed the good results in 11/11 cases. The folded fibular transplantation found the good results in 8/9 cases.
Abnormalities ; Surgical Flaps

Masquelet A.C et al proposed a concept of a neuroskin flap using accompanying arteries of the cutaneous nerves and reported some clinical cases where the sural nerve was used. Sural nerve should be included in this flap (sural flap). The flap is outlined at the function of the relief of two heads of gastrocnemius. We used 8 distally based sural island flaps without sural nerve for leg and foot reconstruction. The island cutaneous is collected from two-third upper in the posterior portion of the leg. Here, the fasciocutaneous flap based only on the accompanying artery of the extreme saphenous vein. The sural nerve can be preserved without including in the flap.
Surgical Flaps ; Sural Nerve

The anterior interosseous artery (AIA) plays an essential role in designing the posterior interosseous forearm flap (P.I.F.F). Understanding about anatomy of this artery permit us to find us to find out new solutions to design the P.I.F.F. in situations at which there are variations of the PIA. Objectives: (I) to evaluate the role of the anterior interosseous artery in the blood supplying to the posterior forearm region; (II) assessing the importance of anterior interosseous artery in designing the posterior interosseous forearm flap. Methods: 27 forearms of adults obove 25 years old, including 25 forearms fixed in formalin 4% and 2 fresh forearms, are objects for us to expose the AIA and PIA by different techniques. Results: There are 2-5 perforating branches of the AIA to the deep muscular layer of posterior. They connect to each other and to the muscular branch of the PIA, and their diameter becomes much larger in two cases of absence of the PIA. Branches from this series of arterial anastomoses distribute also to the skin of inferior half of posterior forearm. The posterior terminal branche of the AIA divides into the medial and recurrent branch. These two branches ascend and anastomose with the PIA and the muscular branch of the PIA, respectively. The medial branch of the posterior terminal branch is absent or disconnected with the PIA at two other cases. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the AiA supplies the inferior half and the deep muscular layer of the posterior forearm. The posterior interosseous forearm flap can still be raised in situations at which the posterior terminal branch of AIA communicates with the dorsal carpal arcus but not with the PIA and the PIA is absent.
Surgical Flaps, Surgery , Arteries

The antherolateral thigh flap (ALT flap) was first detected and used in 1984 by Song and colleagues. Long, reliable vascular pedicle, large skin area (15x34cm), did not influence area where flap removed, had not to change patient’s position during the operation. 31 patients with of head and neck defects The in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital was reconstructed by using 31 ALT flaps after malignant tumors removed: cheek cancer (15cases), throat cancer (3 cases). Clinical result: survival flap rate was 96.6%; only one flap was necrosis completely (3.4%). The ALT flap can be harvested safely and easily to reconstruct the complicated defects of head and neck with only minimal donor-site lesions
Surgical Flaps ; Surgery

The dorsal muscular flap was pedicular flap. The flap’s pedicle comprised a thoracic artery, a dorsolumbar nerve and vein of bulb. When coming into the dorsal muscle, 88.37% of thoracic arteries divided into 2 branches. Extra branch was far from the anterior edge of medial muscle about 1.95 cm and intra-branch was far from the supra edge of medial muscle about 2.69cm. The thoracic artery can supply fully the blood for the dorsal muscular flap.
Anatomy ; Surgical Flaps ; adult

The severe contractile scar of neck area is a challenge of the plastic surgeons. Many techniques were used to resolve this problem. In which, pedicle scapular- para scapular flap is method of choice. This technique has proved to be efficacy and cost- effective compared with conventional methods, especially in cases of large contractile scar of neck.
Cicatrix ; Surgical Flaps

A patient with contractile thermal scar in the neck received a plastic reconstruction by 2 supraclavicular fasicocutaneous flaps. The results have shown that distal head of two flaps was normal, process of scar healing was at good. There was no necrotic patient can lock up and turn normally. The curves of neck were reconstructed normally.
Surgical Flaps ; Cicatrix