No abstract available.
Surgeons

No abstract available.
Surgeons

Surgeons

Five adult cases of post-laminectomy swan-neck deformity are reported. The factors causing the deformity, prophylactic measures, and treatment of the deformity are discussed. It is strongly adviced to the neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons that they should be aware of this unwanted complication of the multi-level cervical laminectomies, and that they should provide every preventive measures before post-laminectomy swan neck deformity develops. Anterior interbody fusion spanning the entire unstable segments is preferably recommended together with application of pre-fusion traction.
Adult ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Neck ; Neurosurgeons ; Orthopedics ; Surgeons ; Traction

OBJECTIVES: The Korean Resource Based Relative Value Scale (K-RBRVS) was introduced in 2001 as an alternative of the previous medical fee schedule. Unfortunately, most neurosurgeons are unfamiliar with the details of the K-RBRVS and how it affects the reimbursement rates for the surgical procedures we perform. We summarize the K-RBRVS in brief, and discuss on how the relative value (RV) of the spinal neurosurgical procedures have changed since the introduction in 2001. METHODS: We analyzed the change of spinal procedure RVs since 2001, and compared it with the change of values in the brain neurosurgical procedures. RVs of 88 neurospinal procedures on the list of K-RBRVS were analyzed, while 24 procedures added during annual revisions were excluded. RESULTS: During the past 15 years, RVs for spinal procedures have increased 62.8%, which is not so different with the cumulative increase of consumer prices during this time period or the increase rate of 92.3% for brain surgeries. When comparing the change of RVs in more complex procedures between spinal and brain neurosurgery, the increase rate was 125.3% and 133%, respectively. CONCLUSION: More effort of the society of spinal surgeons seems to be needed to get adequate reimbursement, as there have been some discrimination compared to brain surgeons in the increase of RVs. And considering the relative underestimation of spinal neurosurgeons’ labor, more objective measures of neurospinal surgeons’ work and productivity should be developed for impartial reimbursement.
Appointments and Schedules ; Brain ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Efficiency ; Fees, Medical ; Neurosurgeons ; Neurosurgery* ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Relative Value Scales* ; Surgeons

The review article attempts to focus on the practice of human cadaveric dissection during its inception in ancient Greece in 3rd century BC, revival in medieval Italy at the beginning of 14th century and subsequent evolution in Europe and the United States of America over the centuries. The article highlights on the gradual change in attitude of religious authorities towards human dissection, the shift in the practice of human dissection being performed by barber surgeons to the anatomist himself dissecting the human body and the enactment of prominent legislations which proved to be crucial milestones during the course of the history of human cadaveric dissection. It particularly emphasizes on the different means of procuring human bodies which changed over the centuries in accordance with the increasing demand due to the rise in popularity of human dissection as a tool for teaching anatomy. Finally, it documents the rise of body donation programs as the source of human cadavers for anatomical dissection from the second half of the 20th century. Presently innovative measures are being introduced within the body donation programs by medical schools across the world to sensitize medical students such that they maintain a respectful, compassionate and empathetic attitude towards the human cadaver while dissecting the same. Human dissection is indispensable for a sound knowledge in anatomy which can ensure safe as well as efficient clinical practice and the human dissection lab could possibly be the ideal place to cultivate humanistic qualities among future physicians in the 21st century.
Americas ; Anatomists ; Barber Surgeons ; Cadaver* ; Empathy ; Europe ; Grave Robbing ; Greece* ; Human Body ; Humans* ; Italy ; Schools, Medical ; Students, Medical ; United States

No abstract available.
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation and ratio between the calcaneal length and width for predicting the width of calcaneus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 190 feet (190 patients) were included based on computed tomography scans. The length of calcaneus (CL) was measured on the line connecting the center of a circle tangent to the cortical margin in the anterior and posterior parts of the calcaneus in a sagittal plane (W1, W2). The width of the calcaneus was defined as the horizontal line of each part (W1, W2, W3) on the same axial plane. The relationship between the measurement was determined through a correlation analysis. The reliability was assessed based on intraclass correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The CL and widths of calcaneus (W1, W2, W3) had a good positive correlation (r=0.848 [W1/CL], r=0.738 [W2/CL], r=0.769 [W3/CL]; p<0.001). The mean CL and widths ratios were 0.33 (W1/CL), 0.37 (W2/CL), and 0.37 (W3/CL). Using these ratios to estimate the widths by multiplying each ratio by the measured calcaneal length, we found a difference between the estimated calcaneal widths and the actual measured calcaneal widths values was 0.25 mm, 0.43 mm, and 0.16 mm. All measurements showed good-to-excellent inter- and intraobserver reliability. CONCLUSION: This study analyzed the correlation and ratio between the length and width of the calcaneus. The results will help orthopedic surgeons fixate screws in a stable manner to prevent iatrogenic injuries to the medial neurovascular structures of the calcaneus.
Calcaneus ; Foot ; Orthopedics ; Surgeons

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to formulate an objective clinical and geometric relationship between Cobb angle and the difference between the lengths of convex and concave sides (convexo-concave vertebral difference) of the structural curve in scoliosis. Is it possible to express Cobb angle in such a way that it could be visualized as a length, especially while planning for surgical correction of scoliosis? METHODS: Thirty consecutive patients below the age of 19 years with a scoliosis of Cobb angle more than 10 degrees were included in the study. Convexo-concave vertebral difference of the structural curve was measured. Its relationship with the measure of Cobb angle was studied. RESULTS: Author obtained a significant linear correlation between the convexo-concave vertebral differences and the Cobb angle. Using the formula Y=2d.Sin (X/2) the convexo-concave vertebral difference could be predicted. The difference thus obtained gives a quantitative measure of the maximum length of correction possible in the structural curve. CONCLUSION: It is possible to express the Cobb angle as a function of linear measurement. The author proposes that this would aid the surgeons to accurately and predictably achieve the desired scoliosis correction.
Humans ; Scoliosis* ; Surgeons

A surgeon’s experience plays an important role in breast conserving surgery (BCS). The common conception is that, the more junior is the operating surgeon, the surgical margin will be wider or closer to the tumour edge. Thus the aim of this study is to look into the adequacy of surgical margin performed by different level of surgeons’ experience in patients whom underwent wide local excision (WLE) and hook-wire localization (HWL) in our surgical unit. The surgical experience of the operating surgeon and their surgical margins will be analyzed. This is a retrospective study from January 2000 to December 2012. Eighty-eight patients with early breast cancer underwent WLE and HWL by 3 different groups of surgeons (breast surgeons, junior surgeons and surgical registrars) were included. The surgical margins were analyzed for involved-margin, closed-margin or excessed-margin.The incidence of involved-margin, closed-margin and excessed-margin is the lowest among breast surgeons compared to other groups. However, the results were not statistically significant. The incidence of involved surgical margin is significantly higher within junior surgeons for HWL compared to the breast surgeons. The incidence of involved, closed or excessed surgical margin were lowest when performed by breast surgeon but not significantly different between the three groups. However, for HWL the breast surgeons significantly better compared to the other groups.
Breast Neoplasms ; Surgeons