The student majoring in Medical Biological Technique will be mainly engaged in the practical work of biological technique industry after graduation in the future.In order to bind the theories on the practical biological techniques in designs of contents and roundly improve students' practical ability in classes as well as enriching the communication among students,our college offers an immunologic techniques experiment classes with 36 hours per semester,which has also undergone a reasonable project teaching innovation. This proved to result in a satisfactory outcome in improving the students' practical a

BACKGROUND: Nerve growth factor (NGF) is characterized by poor stability both in vitro and in vivo, and liable to lose its bioactivity.OBJECTIVE: To study the stability of liposome-encapsulated NGF injection preserved under various conditions.DESIGN: A controlled study of liposome-encapsulated NGF.SETTING: Department of Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.MATERIALS: This study was carried out at the Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between July 2002and March 2004. NGF from rat submaxillary gland was purified, encapsulated by liposome, and prepared into lyophilized dosage form before preserved under different conditions (at 4 ℃, room temperature, 40 ℃ or 40 ℃ with saturated humidity, respectively).METHODS: Chicken embryo dorsal root ganglion cultured in serum-free medium was used to evaluation the bioactivity of NGF in vitro. The dorsal root ganglion from 8-day-old chicken embryo was inoculated in a polylysine-coated 24-well culture plate and cultured in Dulbecco modified Ea-gle medium (DMEM) containing different testing samples. Only DMEM was used for culture in the negative control group, while DMEM containing NGF at different concentrations used in the positive control group. The ganglion was cultured at 37 ℃ with 50 mL/L CO2 and saturated humidity for 24 hours, and the growth of the nerve fibers was observed under an inverted microscope. The bioactivity of NGF was also evaluated in simulated condition in vivo by adding lyophilized liposome-encapsulated NGF and positive control NGF specimen into 0.5 mL rat serum, which, along with the blank control serum, was added into 2.5 mL DMEM at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4,6 hours and thoroughly mixed. The bioactivity of NGF was assessed accord-ing to the length and density of the dorsal root ganglion and graded the prominences (recorded as "++" or "+++ "), and very long and dense growth of the prominences (++++).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: In vitro bioactivity of NGF preserved for 10, 30, 60, and 90 days by testing the growth of cultured chick embryo dorsal root ganglion in serum-free DMEM and in test of rats serum containing NGF added at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours into DMEM.RESULTS: Lyophilized liposome-encapsulated NGF exhibited stable bioactivity (+++) after preservation at 4℃ and room temperature for 10-90days; at 40 ℃ for 10-60 days, the it retained its the bioactivity (+++),which, however, slightly decreased by 90 days (++); its bioactivity was preserved (+++) at 40 ℃ with saturated humidity for 10 days (+++), slightly decreased at 30-60 days (++) and noticeably lowered (+) at 90 days. When preserved for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 hours in rat seum, the NGF preparation retained stable bioactivity (++++ or +++), which slightly decreased at 4 hours and 6 hours (++).CONCLUSION: Liposome-encapsulated NGF has stable bioactivity but its preservation at relatively high temperature with high humidity is difficult.Lyophilized liposome-encapsulated NGF exhibits better bioactivity than NGF-liposome suspension after preservation under various conditions.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the available methods of preventing the mattress pollution in the wards of the(hospital), and to keep the mattresses clean and dry and eliminate the hidden danger of nosocomial infection.(METHODS) The mattress protective covering is used of a new type of textile materials,and then applied into clinic.Selected 100 pieces of mattresses in the wards,divided them equally into two groups at random,the(experimental) group and the control group.After cleaning and pasteurization(surface) sampling and bacterial culturing for every mattress were undertaken.For the experimental group,spread the protective(covering) before the sheet,and for the control group,used the sheet directly.The colony number of each group was compared in the 3rd,7th,and 14th days.RESULTS The mattresses of experimental group were clean,light polluted and with less colonies,and that of the control group were heavy polluted and with more colonies.The comparisons of the total colony number and the number of every sampling point in the 3rd,7th,and 14th days of the two groups showed that there was a(significant) difference(P

Objective: To study the basic information of life way disease and the corresponding risk factors of behavior in the community of Peking University Health Science Center, understand the background issue and social support system, and analyze the requirement for community health service so that the critical issue for health can be dealt with and the comprehensive program of prevention and treatment of the disease can be accordingly supplied. Methods: The random face to face questionnaire about life way disease and risk factors in 1 051 residents over 6 years of age in the community of Peking University Health Science Center was conducted according to the typical sampling principle in 1 primary school, 1 middle school, 1 university and its community, and the investigations of health data from the hospital and the police office in the community were also conducted through discussing about life ways risk factors. Accordingly , the data obtained by way of EXCEL were analyzed and processed using SPSS 11.5. Results: Diagnostic data of demography, epidemiology, behavior environment, education and organization were obtained concerning the public health of the Peking University Health Science Center community. Conclusion: The key health issue in the Peking University Health Science Center community is significantly influenced by the bad way of life. And some behavior risk factors, such as fatness, lack of outdoor exercise in the community members. Thus, the major necessary health service of Peking University Health Science Center residents is to carry out a comprehensive management program of life way disease for the whole people.

OBJECTIVE To realize the situation of nosocomial infection and usage of antibiotic in order to prevent and control nosocomial infection effectively. METHODS According to the request of countrywide nosocomial infection net,using the method of clinic investigation and case history investigation,we have investigated the infection complexion about all patients in 19 May 2006 and 24 May 2007,including the duration,transferring department and dead case.Then to analyze the comparison between two results. RESULTS 3489 cases were investigated,including 186 infection cases.The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 5.33%.Five departments had the high prevalence rate of nosocomial infection.They were hematology department,ICU,pediatrics department,neonatal unit and cadre ward.The highest rate was 31.30%.The lowest was 0.The infection site focused on lower respiratory tract.The antibiotic utilizing rate was high. CONCLUSIONS Enhanceing the management of nosocomial infection in key departments,regulating the antibiotic utilizing,to reduce the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection.

Objective Infrared spectroscopy was used to study on both raw material and different degree water processing varieties extract of Radix Aconiti kusnezoffii,to observe the changes of main toxic components in processing,and thus to improve the quality of Radix Aconiti kusnezoffii processed products.Methods Fu Liye transform infrared spectroscopy was adopted to study the infrared spectrum characteristic of raw materials and different degree water processing varieties of.Radix Aconiti kusnezoffii.Results ①Aconitine and hypaconitine infrared spectrum showed that 1717 cm-1,1727 cm-1 and 1711 cm-1 is the C=O stretching vibration peak.It is a diester alkaloids characteristic peaks; ② although absorption peak of all vesicular samples had a certain change,it still existed diester alkaloids absorption peak,indicating the incomplete hydrolysis; ③ boiled aconite processing methods demonstrated diester alkaloids absorption peak shift in the water sample.Conclusion Diester alkaloids in Radix Aconiti kusnezoffii shows a positive relation with its time soaked in water.

Objective: To investigate the thyroid functions and influencing factors among radiation workers in Wuhan City, so as to provide insights into occupational health monitoring among radiation workers. Methods : Radiation workers receiving physical examinations in Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases from January to October 2022 were enrolled, and participants' gender, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, medical history, medication use, types of occupational radiation and work duration were collected. Triiodothyronine (TT3), thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured using a magnetic microparticle-based chemiluminescence immunoassay. Personnel dose equivalent was monitored using thermoluminescent dosimetry, and annual cumulative radiation dose was estimated. Factors affecting thyroid function were identified using a multivariable linear regression model. Results: Totally 978 radiation workers were recruited, with a median age of 32.00 (interquartile range, 10.00) years, and including 782 men (79.96%) and 196 women (20.04%). There were 246 smokers (25.15%), 257 workers with alcohol consumption (26.28%) and 489 with a history of radiation work (50.00%). The median annual cumulative radiation dose was 0.20 (interquartile range, 0.24) mSv. The percentage of abnormal thyroid function was 14.72%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that women (OR=1.925, 95%CI: 1.061-3.490), history of radiation work (OR=2.810, 95%CI: 1.119-7.057) and involving in medical application (OR=1.915, 95%CI: 1.101-3.332) were associated with abnormal thyroid function. Conclusions The percentage of abnormal thyroid function was 14.72% among radiation workers in Wuhan City. History of exposure to ionizing radiation, types of occupational radiation and gender were main factors affecting thyroid function.

OBJECTIVE To explore the characteristic of nosocomial infection and formulate the effective measures of nosocomial infection management. METHODS According to the underlying disease condition and method ICD10,the infection data were to classifed and colleced which including of 160 795 cases during 2003-2006.Then the prospective and retrospective investigation were done for studying the nosocomial infection condition. RESULTS The nosocomial infection rate was 4.69%. The highest infection rate was caused by hematological disease (15.43%). By site of infection the upper respiratory infection rate was 35.34%,the lower respiratory infection rate was 28.22%,the gastrointestinal infection rate was 6.82%,and the intra-abdominal infection was 3.75%. In these infection cases,G-bacteria infection occupied 58.35% (which ranked No.1 in all pathogens),and the fungal infection occupied 17.09%. CONCLUSIONS In order to reduce the infection rate,we must enhance the work of preventing the key diseases,standard the measures of disinfection and isolation,increaseing the quarantine inspection rate and applying antibiotic according to the results of antifugal susceptibility testing.

Objective: To explore the effects of BPA on the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin and FSHR in rat Sertoli cells. Methods: Primary Sertoli cells collected from prepuberty rats (18-21 d) were cultured for 48 h, and then they were treated with 0, 30, 50, 70 μmol/L BPA respectively for 24 h. The methods of MTT, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were utilized to measure the cell ability of Sertoli cells, the mRNA and protein expression levels of N-cadherin, Vimentin and FSHR respectively. Results: Compared with control, the cell abilities of Sertoli cells in 50 μmol/L BPA group and 70 μmol/L BPA group increased significantly (P<0.05) . The cell abilities of Sertoli cells decreased with the increases of exposure doses of BPA. Compared with control, the expression of N-cadherin mRNA only increased in 30 μmol/L BPA group (P<0.05) , the expression of Vimentin mRNA decreased significantly in all doses group of BPA (P<0.05) , the expression of FSHR mRNA increased in all doses group of BPA (P<0.05) . Compared with the control, the protein levels of N-cadherin increased significantly in 50 μmol/L BPA group (P<0.05) , the protein levels of Vimentin decreased significantly in all doses group of BPA (P<0.05) , the protein levels of FSHR decreased significantly in 50 μmol/L BPA group and 70 μmol/L BPA group (P<0.05) . Conclusion The mechanism of testicular toxicity from BPA might be the alterations of N-cadherin, Vimentin and FSHR by disturbing normal spermatogenesis.

Objective:To attain comprehensive insight into the diagnostic X-ray equipment and examination frequency in radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions in Wuhan, with the purpose of assisting the health administration department in formulating medical exposure protection strategies and efficiently allocating radiological diagnosis and treatment resources.Methods:Using the census method, questionnaires on the basic information on diagnostic X-ray equipment and the annual number of examinations filled out in 2022 by the 1 030 radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions (excluding military and armed police hospitals) were collected through the Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Information Management Platform for Occupational Diseases. To obtain the data on number and frequency of diagnostic X-ray examinations, the different types of diagnostic X-ray examinations were divided by the total number of permanent residents by the end of 2021 in Wuhan.Results:In Wuhan, 1 030 radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions had 7 062 radiation workers and 2 540 diagnostic X-ray units of various types. 37.76% of units and 75.01% of radiation workers were concentrated in tertiary hospitals. The number of diagnostic X-ray units per million population was 186.10, with the top two being 48.65 DR machines per million population and 31.21 intraoral dental machines per million population. The total number of diagnostic X-ray examinations was 11 884 582, with plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) examinations accounting for 43.61% and 43.59% of the total, respectively. The annual frequency of examinations was 379.75 and 379.52 per 1 000 population, respectively. Radiodiagnosis and treatment resources were higher in central urban areas than that in remote urban areas.Conclusions:The development of diagnostic X-ray equipment in Wuhan was experiencing rapid growth, with potential for further expansion, and the frequency has not yet recovered to the level before the COVID-19 pandemic. The allocation of radiodiagnosis and treatment resources between central urban areas and remote urban areas needs to be coordinated and the management of medical radiation protection should be continuously strengthened, so as to promote the sustainable development of inter-regional radiodiagnosis and treatment, and ensure the health and safety of examinaed patients and indivuduals.