Objective:To explore the relationship among procrastination behavior,meta -cognitive and emotion of university students.Methods:A total of 468 undergraduates from 4 universities were surveyed by GPS,PANAS and MCQ-30.Results:①The undergraduates from liberal arts colleges reported more procrastination behavior than those from science colleges.② Cognitive confidence,positive beliefs,uncontrollability/danger,tendency to control thoughts,and negative emotion positively correlated to procrastination behavior;cognitive self-consciousness and positively emotion negatively correlated to procrastination behavior.③ Cognitive confidence,uncontrollability/danger and negative emotion could positively predict procrastination behavior.④Negative emotion mediated the relationship between uncontrollability/danger and procrastination behavior.Conclusion:Uncontrollability and danger are a significant predicator of procrastination behavior,and negative emotion has a significant mediation effect on the relationship between uncontrollability/danger and procrastination behavior.

Objective To construct evaluation standards for pediatric nursing responsibility. Methods With the method of expert enquiry for Delphi, coefficient of variation of each index through expert grading and Kendall W′s coordination coefficient were used to test the coordination degree in opinions among experts. After the coefficient of larger variation and lower weight were removed , the elements of nursing duty were ranked based on the weight by using hierarchy analysis method. Results The established practical pediatric nurses responsibility evaluation standard consisted of 3 modules, with 11 dimensions and 33 items. The Cr expert authority coefficient was between 0.77~0.90, with an average of 0.88. The variation coefficient of each index was low, ranging between 0.013 0.135 (<0.25). The Kendall W′s coordination coefficients of the primary, secondary and tertiary indicators were 0.482, 0.552 and 0.438, respectively, with significant differences in the coordination coefficient (P<0.001). Conclusion The experts are active and authoritative in participating in the standard establishment and they highly agreed on the standard , which indicates that the established the standard is reliable in a higher degree.

AIM: To demonstrate the susceptibility of cell apoptosis varies during the progress of cell malig- nant transformation from human being in vitro. METHODS: A SV40T - transfected human bronchial epithelial im- mortalized cell line (called M) was selected in this work, which has acquired some characteristics of malignant trans- formation at the later passage. The alterations of apoptosis and bcl- 2, P53 genes between early and later passage of M cells were investigated by means of TDT labeling in situ, chromosome FISH, RNA and protein testing, etc. RE- SULTS: Incidence of apoptosis induced by cis - platin was significantly lower in later than in early passages of M. Levels of bcl - 2 mRNA and protein in later passages were higher than early passages of M, and overxpression of bcl -2 was accumulated following the development of cellular malignancy. P53 protein level was as high in early as in later passages. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of bcl - 2 decreases the cellular sensitivity to apoptotic inductors plays an important role during progress of carcinogenesis in human bronchial epithelial cancers. The inactivation of P53 protein in the SV40 - T transfected M cell line may be one of reasons of bcl - 2 overexpression, but not associated with the accumulation of bcl - 2 expressed level during cell transformation.

Objective To investigate the effects of 5-Aza-CdR( methylation transferase inhibitor) on the expression levels of leptin gene in chondrocytes and methylation states of leptin promoter region between osteoarthritis (OA) group and control. Methods The chondrocytes in osteoarthritis group were treated with 5-Aza-CdR with different doses and time-points, and the expression level of leptin was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction for picking up the optimum dose and time-point. Next, the chondrocytes in 5 osteoarthritis patients and 5 control patients (amputation due to severe trauma) were treated with 5-Aza-CdR. Lastly, leptin mRNA expression levels in the four groups osteoarthritis and control chondrocytes treated with/without 5-Aza-CdR were measured by real-time PCR and the methylation state of promoter region ( - 280- + 79) was detected by epityper quantitative DNA methylation analysis. Results ( 1 ) After treating the chondrocytes in OA groups with 10 μmol/L 5-Aza-CdR for 72 h, the mRNA expression levels of leptin were increased significantly. ( 2 ) The mRNA expression levels of leptin were significantly different among the four groups ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), and the chondrocytes in osteoarthritis groups treated with 5-Aza-CdR showed a marked induction of leptin mRNA expression. (3) Analysis of quantitative methylation data using an unsupervised hierarchical clustering algorithm, showed that methylation patterns of leptin promoter was different between control and osteoarthritis chondrocyte treated with/without 5-Aza-CdR. Conclusion Demethylation of leptin promoter might up-regulate leptin gene expression level and it might contribute to osteoarthritis.

ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence and clinical features of hyperuricemia and its influencing factors in elderly male people aged 90 years and above. MethodsOne hundred elderly male people aged 90 years and above who underwent routine health examination in our hospital in 2007 were selected in the study. Serum uric acid level was examined by uricase-peroxidase method, and all patients were divided into hyperuricemia group and control group according to the serum uric acid level. Clinical and biochemical indications were compared between the two groups, and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hyperuricemia in elderly people. ResultsThe serum uric acid level was increased in 20% of the elderly people, and the prevalence of gouty arthritis was 1%. The levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were higher in hyperuricemia group than in control group[(10. 98±4.29) mmol/L vs. (6. 87± 1.86) mmol/L, (125.2±25.9)μmol/L vs. (93. 4±19. 8)μmol/L;both P<0.05)3. The patients in hyperuricemia group had a higher prevalence of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia, and a higher proportion of diuretic application than patients in control group(P<0. 05). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum uric acid level had the most remarkable correlation with serum creatinine(OR= 1. 969), followed by fasting blood glucose (OR= 1. 310)and blood urea nitrogen(OR = 1.161). There was negative correlation between serum uric acid level and plasma cholesterol level(OR = 0. 802). ConclusionsThe prevalence of hyperuricemia is high in elderly people aged 90 years and above, while the incidence of gouty arthritis is low. Renal function impairment, metabolic syndrome and thiazide diuretic are the major factors for hyperuricemia.

Objective To investigate the effect of median nerve electrical stimulation on the activity, speech and quality of life in patients after severe traumatic brain injury. Methods 60 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were divided into 2 groups: the control group (A) and the treated group (B). The patients in Group A were treated with the routine medicine and rehabilitation. Based on the routine therapy, the patients in Group B were treated with the right median nerve electrical stimulation. Their outcome, activity, speech and quality of life were assessed. Results The scores of Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), speech assessment, and the quality of life in Group B improved compared with that in Group A (P<0.05), the activity seemed to improve, but not significantly. Conclusion The right median nerve electrical stimulation is effective to promote the recovery of neurological function and improve the quality of life in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

Objective To estimate the incidence of drop out of treatment in patients with access to methadone maintenance treatment and explore the correlation and interaction between insufficient methadone dosage and morphine positive urine on the drop out in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Methods Face to face interview was conducted in 1 031 patients at 3 methadone maintenance treatment clinics in Guangxi.Results The study included 1 031 participants,40.6％ of them (419/1 031) had stopped treatment.The drop out rates in urine morphine positive group and methadone dosage ＜ 100 mg/d group were 57.6％ (99/172) and 37.4％ (347/929) respectively,higher than those in urine morphine negative group and methadone dosage ≥ 100 mg/d group (42.3％,363/ 859,and 26.5％,27/102).Orderly logistic regression analysis results showed that after adjusted factors,such as gender,age,marital status,ethnic group,patients who received a dosage less than 1 00 mg/day (OR=3.05,95％CI:1.84-5.06) and had morphine positive urine (OR=2.25,95％CI:1.59-3.19) were more likely to drop out of the treatment.Interaction analysis showed that dosage less than 100 mg/d and morphine positive urine during treatment had additive interaction (RERI=256.46,AP=0.87,S=8.05) and multiplication interaction (OR=2.45,95％CI:1.71-3.49).Conclusion Insufficient dosage and morphine positive urine were significantly correlated with drop out of treatment in patients with access to methadone maintenance treatment.

Objective To investigate the role of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in regulating the inflammatory response of neutrophil through the leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1(LRG1)/Rho-associated protein kinase(ROCK1)signaling.Methods HL-60 cells were treated with 1 μmol/L all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA)and 12.5 μL/mL dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)for 72 h and 96 h,and the morphological changes were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining.The expression of CD11b was detected by flow cytometry.LPS induced the activation of dHL-60 and human peripheral blood neutrophils.The transcription and secretion levels of LRG1,ROCK1 and inflammatory cytokines were detected by qPCR and ELISA,respectively.The expression levels of LRG1 and ROCK1 after the activation of dHL-60 were detected by Western blotting.Furthermore,dHL-60 was treated with the recombinant protein LRG1 and ROCK1 inhibitor Y-27632;the transcription levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected by qPCR.Results Neutrophils were activated by LPS.The expression levels of LRG1 and ROCK1 were significantly increased,and the transcription levels of inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased.The recombinant protein LRG1 activated dHL-60 in vitro,and the transcription levels of ROCK1 and inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased.Using the ROCK1 inhibitor Y-27632,the production levels of inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced.Conclusion LPS can regulate the production levels of neutrophil inflammatory cytokines through activating the LRG1/ROCK1 signaling,thus exacerbating the inflammatory response.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Budesonide/formoterol to control asthma under real-life conditions.Methods A muhi-center, open label, non-interventional study was conducted.Asthma control after 12 week therapy with Budesonide/formoterol was assessed by Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) and modified Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ5).Results A total of 360 asthma patients were recruited,including 228 adult patients and 132 child patients.After 12 weeks' therapy,all the patients' medium value of ACQ was decreased significantly from 2.03 (adults 2.20, children 1.74) at baseline to 0.60 (adults 0.78, children 0.29) (P < 0.0001), and the medium value of ACQ5 was also decreased significantly from 2.4 (adults 2.24, children 1.76) at baseline to 0.47 (adults 0.62, children 0.20) (P < 0.0001).Conclusion Budesonide/formoterol is effective in asthma treatment, by which most asthma patients obtain and maintain clineal control.

OBJECTIVETo explore the prevalence and the different risk factors for asthma in children between urban and rural areas in Fuzhou, Fujian province.

METHODThe epidemiological survey of asthma in 0-14 years old children was conducted from October 2009 to October 2010 between Fuzhou urban and rural areas in Fujian province. The investigation subjects were selected in urban and rural areas by phased stratified random cluster sampling. The 2010 third national epidemiological survey questionnaire of children with asthma was used for screening for possible patients. Diagnosis of asthma was confirmed by physical examination. The children with asthma were designated as the positive cases, while non asthmatic children who were age, gender, ethnic, and living environment matched with asthmatic patients were designated as negative control. Comparison of the prevalence of asthma in children between Fuzhou urban and rural areas was performed. The influencing factors of asthma were analyzed and screened by the regression equation model of two element Logistic regression.

RESULTTotally 12 235 questionnaires of children with asthma and allergic disease screening were issued and 11 738 questionnaire were sent back (6 221 were male and 5 517 were female). The return rate was 95.9% in urban Fuzhou; 648 children were diagnosed as asthma. The prevalence of asthma in male was 6.48% and female children was 4.44% (comparison of the prevalence of gender χ(2) = 23.267, P < 0.001) in urban areas . A total of 6 000 questionnaires of children with asthma and allergic disease screening were sent out and 5 860 were responded (male children 3 228, female children 2 632). The recovery rate was 97.7% in rural Fuzhou; 135 children with asthma was diagnosed. The prevalence of asthma in male was 2.73%and female children and was 1.79%. Adding protein supplement before 6 months (OR = 1.908, 95%CI:1.233-2.959), the use of antibiotics in the treatment of asthma (OR = 14.541, 95%CI:8.920-23.705), furniture materials (non wood) (OR = 2.432, 95%CI:1.563-3.785) were the main risk factors of children with asthma in urban. Adding protein supplement before 6 months(OR = 3.021, 95%CI:1.357-6.711), the use of antibiotics in the treatment of asthma(OR = 14.784, 95%CI:3.842-56.885), the use of coal as fuel (OR = 63.339, 95% CI: 7.993-501.943), domesticated livestock (OR = 13.659, 95% CI:1.342-139.068), the family smoking before and after birth (OR = 6.226, 95%CI:2.674-14.495) and chemical fiber pillow (OR = 3.638, 95%CI:1.241-10.666) were the main risk factors of children with asthma in rural areas.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of children with asthma in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. The prevalence of asthma in male children was higher than in female children. Adding protein food supplement before 6 months, the use of antibiotics and non solid wood furniture material were the main risk factors in children with asthma in urban areas. Adding protein supplement before 6 months, the use of antibiotics, domesticated livestock, the use of coal as fuel and the family smoking before and after birth were the main risk factor of asthma in children in rural areas.

Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Asthma ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Sampling Studies ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population ; statistics & numerical data