No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Classification* ; Female ; Humans*

Forty children underwent three crossed K-wires fixation after reduction of the totally displaced supracondylar fracture(type IE ) of the humerus from October 1994 to March 1997, were reviewed. The patients age ranged from 3 years and 2 months to 12 years and 7 months, averaging 6 years and 6 months. Preoperatively, five patients(12.5%) had concomitant nerve injury. Three patients(7.5%) revealed ischemic sign on distal part of the fracture. All the fractures were treated within 24 hours after arrival at the emergency room. After general anesthesia, all but one fractures reduced by closed means. Each reduced fracture was fixed by two parallel K-wires in lateral side followed by one crossed medial K-wire under fluoroscopic control. The preoperative distal ischemia of the three patient restored blood supply within 24 hours after reduction. The K-wires were removed after averaging 3.3 weeks after operation in out patient clinic. Five patients revealed neurologic deficit preoperatively recovered completely within 4 months after reduction of the fractures. The followup period ranged from 12 months to 32 months, averaging 17 months. By Flynns functional and cosmetic criteria, 39 patients(97.5%) among forty patients resulted in satisfactory criteria. The one unsatisfactory patient revealed cubitus varus treated by corrective osteotomy. In conclusion, three crossed K-wires fixation is considered as effective and safe method for the totally displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children.
Anesthesia, General ; Child* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus* ; Ischemia ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Osteotomy

The author reviewed 15 cases of fracture of tibial condyle treated at the orthopaedic department of Kyungpook National University hospital during the period from January 1963 to June 1970, and analysed as to cause of injury, type of fracture, average duration for treatment, complications and end results. The clinical results were obtained as follows: 1) The cause of injury were mostly traffic accident(46.7%), falling and stumbling(26.6%), coal miner accident(13.3%), direct blow(13.3%). 2) In classification of fracture type, Type I is most common type in this series and fracture of the lateral condyle is more common than medical condyle. 3) Associated ligaments tear is more common is Type III than other type, and medial collateral ligamant is most common. 4) In Type I with cast immobilization for 8 to 10 weeks, and then encouraged knee joint exercise. In Type II one of two cases treated with cast immobilization and with long leg brace after remove of the cast. Other case was treated with open reduction. In Type III 3 of 5 cases treated with bolting and immobilized for 16 weeks. 5) Undesirable sequelas are instability of joint, persistent pain and limitation of joint motion.
Accidental Falls ; Braces ; Classification ; Coal ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Leg ; Ligaments ; Miners ; Tears

A patient with extraskeletal cervical epidural Ewing's sarcoma who presented with cervical radiculopathy is reported. A 58-year-old woman presented with right posterolateral neck pain and upper extremity radiculopathy. The computed tomography myelography showed epidural and paravertebral masses on right side, with widening of the ipsilateral neural foramina at the C2-C3 level. On magnetic resonance images, the mass was isointense to soft tissue on T1-weighted images, hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and showed diffuse enhancement on GdTA enhanced T1-weighted images. The staged, combined posterior and anterior approach were done and the tumor mass was subtotally removed. During postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with Cytoxane, Adriamycin, Vincristine, Prednisolone regimen, the patient died of severe compression of upper cervical cord by recurrent, extended tumor mass in the spinal canal.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cyclophosphamide ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myelography ; Neck Pain ; Prednisolone ; Radiculopathy ; Sarcoma, Ewing* ; Spinal Canal ; Upper Extremity ; Vincristine

Although the incidence of tuberculous arthritis of the hip is being decreased with improvement of hygiene, preventive measures and chemotherapy, it remains as important disease in orthopedic surgery. In the tuberculous arthritis of the hip, eradication of the disease with improvement of joint function is ideal treatment. But classical treatment of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy, synovectomy, and especially hip fusion which was done in most cases in adults, have their own limitation in functional results. Recently the methods of total hip replacement arthroplasty done in tuberculous arthritis with treatment of infection by antituberculous chemotherapy reported good results. During the period from January 1970 to December 1984, total hip replacement arthroplasty were done in 55 patients of tuberculous arthritis of the hip in Seoul National University Hospital. The average follow-up period was 3 years and 1 months. And, the following results were obtained. l. of the 55 cases, 50 cases(90.9%) were resulted in success without reactivation of tuberculosis, and 5 cases(9.1%) were resulted in failure. In those cases, the follow-up period were more than 1 year. 2 . The average period of immediate preoperative anti-tuberculous chemotherapy was higher in the success cases with 10.0 weeks than in the failure cases with 4.5 weeks. 3 . The average preoperative ESR was lower in the success case with 12.4mm/ hr than in the failure cases with 28mm/hr. 4 . Failure cases were restricted to active cold abscess in operative finding. 5. The positive bacteriology was fewer in the success cases with 4% than in the failure cases with 60%. 6. Follow-up functional results of the success cases were superior to any other methods of treatment. It is our conclusion that preoperative anti-tuberculous chemotherapy is important to reduce inflammatous reaction, and although granulation or caseation necrosis is found in operation field, total hip replacement can be successful if there is no active cold abscess.
Abscess ; Adult ; Arthritis ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Bacteriology ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Incidence ; Joints ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Seoul ; Tuberculosis

OBJECTIVE: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is strongly implicated as a causative agent in the etiology of cervical cancer. Of its gene products, E6 and E7 oncoproteins play major roles by inactivation of cellular p53 and pRb tumor suppressor proteins, respectively. However, it has been recently suggested that p53 and/or pRb-independent functions of E6 and E7 are involved in cervical carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study is to identify novel a cellular target, p73, of E6 and to determine how E6 inactivates p73 function, METHODS: The interaction between E6 and p73 were identified by the yeast two-hybrid assay in vivo and the GST pull-down assay in vitro. The function of the interaction was determined by transient transfections using p21 promoter-CAT reporter plasmid. The molecular mechanism underlying the functional significance of the interaction was further assessed by in vivo and in vitro protein degradation assays, and gel mobility shift assays. RESULTS: Yeast two-hybrid and GST pull-down assays indicate a physical interaction between p73 and either HPV-16 or HPV-11 E6 proteins in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Transactivation domain (amino acid residues 1-49) is found to be absolutely required for this interaction. Transient co-expression of E6 significantly inhibits the p73-mediated activation of p21WAF1 promoter in a p53-defective C33A cell line. Using Ga14-p73 fusion protein, we demonstrate that E6 inhibition of p73 transactivation function is independent of sequence-specific DNA binding, which is confirmed by direct electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Moreover, E6 inhibits p73 function by interfering with the activity of the amino-terminal activation domain. The protein degradation assays in vivo and in vitro indicate that p73, unlike p53, is not susceptible to E6-dependent proteolysis. CONCLUSION: Throughout this study, we identified p73 as a novel cellular target of HPV-E6 protein and found that E6 binds p73 through the amino-terminal transactivation domain, and inhibits its transactivation function independent of the protein degradation and DNA binding. These overall results, consequently, suggest that in addition to the inactivation of p53, the functional interference of p73 by HPV-E6 may, at least in part, contribute to E6-mediated cellular transformation.
Carcinogenesis ; Cell Line ; DNA ; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ; Human papillomavirus 11 ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Humans ; Oncogene Proteins ; Plasmids ; Proteolysis ; Transcriptional Activation ; Transfection ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Yeasts

The Di(a+b-) phenotype is extremely rare among Caucaclans and mostly confined to mongoloids. The incidences of Di antigen among Koreans were reported to be 6.1 to 14.5%, with an average of 9.6%; it can be calculated that the frequency of Di(a+b-) is 0.25% on the average. Authors report the first case of hemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-Dib in Korea. The Diego phenotypes of the mother, baby and father were Di(a+b-), Di(a+b+) and Di (a-b+), respectively. The mother's serum and eluate from infant's erythrocytes contained anti-DP antibody active in the antiglobulin phase. After transfusions of Di-negative red cells from the mother and mother's relative, the patient was recovered from anemia and jaundice.
Anemia ; Erythrocytes ; Fathers ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Mothers ; Phenotype

No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroiditis*

No abstract available.
Gallstones* ; Lithotripsy* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.